Merge branch 'main' into lunny/remove_network

fix cleanup network
2026-08-06 17:04:22 +02:00 · 2026-05-24 09:58:45 +00:00 · 2026-05-19 16:39:51 -07:00
259 changed files with 7654 additions and 15573 deletions
--- a/.gitea/workflows/pull-pr-title.yml
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/pull-pr-title.yml
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 5
    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
      with:
        node-version: 24
    - run: make lint-pr-title
--- a/.gitea/workflows/release-nightly.yml
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/release-nightly.yml
@@ -17,26 +17,14 @@ jobs:
  goreleaser:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0
-      # Custom publishers (the R2 mirror below) run as the very last
-      # step of goreleaser's publish pipeline, after the Gitea release
-      # has already been created and every artifact already uploaded
-      # to S3. Fail here instead, before anything is built or
-      # published, if the R2 secrets are missing.
-      - name: check R2 configuration
-        run: sh scripts/upload-r2.sh --check-config
-        env:
-          R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
-          R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
-          R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
-          R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@b7ad1dad31e06c5925ef5d2fc7ad053ef454303e # v7
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: "go.mod"
      - name: goreleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@f06c13b6b1a9625abc9e6e439d9c05a8f2190e94 # v7
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v7
        with:
          distribution: goreleaser-pro
          args: release --nightly
@@ -47,10 +35,6 @@ jobs:
          AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
          S3_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_REGION }}
          S3_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.AWS_BUCKET }}
-          R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
-          R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
-          R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
-          R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
          GORELEASER_FORCE_TOKEN: "gitea"
          GITEA_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

@@ -59,33 +43,27 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        variant:
-          # The basic image is built from source and can target any arch the
-          # toolchain supports. The dind variants are limited to the arches the
-          # docker:dind base image publishes.
          - target: basic
            tag_suffix: ""
-            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64,linux/s390x
          - target: dind
            tag_suffix: "-dind"
-            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
          - target: dind-rootless
            tag_suffix: "-dind-rootless"
-            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64

    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0 # all history for all branches and tags

      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@96fe6ef7f33517b61c61be40b68a1882f3264fb8 # v4
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4

      - name: Set up Docker BuildX
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@bb05f3f5519dd87d3ba754cc423b652a5edd6d2c # v4
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4

      - name: Login to DockerHub
-        uses: docker/login-action@abd2ef45e78c5afb21d64d4ca52ee8550d9572c7 # v4
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
@@ -99,12 +77,14 @@ jobs:
          echo REPO_VERSION=$(git describe --tags --always | sed 's/-/+/' | sed 's/^v//') >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

      - name: Build and push
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@53b7df96c91f9c12dcc8a07bcb9ccacbed38856a # v7
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          file: ./Dockerfile
          target: ${{ matrix.variant.target }}
-          platforms: ${{ matrix.variant.platforms }}
+          platforms: |
+            linux/amd64
+            linux/arm64
          push: true
          tags: |
            ${{ env.DOCKER_ORG }}/runner:nightly${{ matrix.variant.tag_suffix }}
--- a/.gitea/workflows/release-tag.yml
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/release-tag.yml
@@ -9,33 +9,21 @@ jobs:
  goreleaser:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0 # all history for all branches and tags
-      # Custom publishers (the R2 mirror below) run as the very last
-      # step of goreleaser's publish pipeline, after the Gitea release
-      # has already been created and every artifact already uploaded
-      # to S3. Fail here instead, before anything is built or
-      # published, if the R2 secrets are missing.
-      - name: check R2 configuration
-        run: sh scripts/upload-r2.sh --check-config
-        env:
-          R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
-          R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
-          R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
-          R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@b7ad1dad31e06c5925ef5d2fc7ad053ef454303e # v7
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: "go.mod"
      - name: Import GPG key
        id: import_gpg
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@2dc316deee8e90f13e1a351ab510b4d5bc0c82cd # v7
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v7
        with:
          gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}
          passphrase: ${{ secrets.PASSPHRASE }}
          fingerprint: CC64B1DB67ABBEECAB24B6455FC346329753F4B0
      - name: goreleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@f06c13b6b1a9625abc9e6e439d9c05a8f2190e94 # v7
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v7
        with:
          distribution: goreleaser-pro
          args: release
@@ -46,10 +34,6 @@ jobs:
          AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
          S3_REGION: ${{ secrets.AWS_REGION }}
          S3_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.AWS_BUCKET }}
-          R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
-          R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
-          R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
-          R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
          GORELEASER_FORCE_TOKEN: "gitea"
          GITEA_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
          GPG_FINGERPRINT: ${{ steps.import_gpg.outputs.fingerprint }}
@@ -58,18 +42,12 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        variant:
-          # The basic image is built from source and can target any arch the
-          # toolchain supports. The dind variants are limited to the arches the
-          # docker:dind base image publishes.
          - target: basic
            tag_suffix: ""
-            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64,linux/riscv64,linux/s390x
          - target: dind
            tag_suffix: "-dind"
-            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
          - target: dind-rootless
            tag_suffix: "-dind-rootless"
-            platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
    container:
      image: catthehacker/ubuntu:act-latest
    env:
@@ -77,25 +55,25 @@ jobs:
      DOCKER_LATEST: latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0 # all history for all branches and tags

      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@96fe6ef7f33517b61c61be40b68a1882f3264fb8 # v4
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v4

      - name: Set up Docker BuildX
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@bb05f3f5519dd87d3ba754cc423b652a5edd6d2c # v4
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4

      - name: Login to DockerHub
-        uses: docker/login-action@abd2ef45e78c5afb21d64d4ca52ee8550d9572c7 # v4
+        uses: docker/login-action@v4
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}

      - name: "Docker meta"
        id: docker_meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@dc802804100637a589fabce1cb79ff13a1411302 # v6
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
        with:
          images: |
            ${{ env.DOCKER_ORG }}/runner
@@ -108,12 +86,14 @@ jobs:
            suffix=${{ matrix.variant.tag_suffix }},onlatest=true

      - name: Build and push
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@53b7df96c91f9c12dcc8a07bcb9ccacbed38856a # v7
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
        with:
          context: .
          file: ./Dockerfile
          target: ${{ matrix.variant.target }}
-          platforms: ${{ matrix.variant.platforms }}
+          platforms: |
+            linux/amd64
+            linux/arm64
          push: true
          tags: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.tags }}
          build-args: |
--- a/.gitea/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/test.yml
@@ -9,42 +9,14 @@ jobs:
  lint:
    name: check and test
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    env:
-      # The runner image ships a stale docker.io login; point docker at an empty config so
-      # image pulls go straight to anonymous instead of attempting (and failing) that auth
-      # first. The path must be a literal: the `runner` context is unavailable in job-level
-      # env, so `${{ runner.temp }}` would resolve to empty and config.Dir() would fall back
-      # to ~/.docker with the stale credentials.
-      DOCKER_CONFIG: /tmp/docker-noauth
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@b7ad1dad31e06c5925ef5d2fc7ad053ef454303e # v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: 'go.mod'
-      - name: prepare anonymous docker config
-        run: mkdir -p "$DOCKER_CONFIG" && echo '{}' > "$DOCKER_CONFIG/config.json"
-      # Pre-pull act/runner's two largest base images so a slow pull can't dominate `make test`;
-      # the rest (alpine/ubuntu) pull on demand, absorbed by the make-test -timeout. The host
-      # daemon retains them between runs, so this is usually a fast manifest re-check.
-      - name: pre-pull test images
-        run: |
-          for img in node:24-bookworm-slim nginx:alpine; do
-            for try in 1 2 3; do docker pull "$img" && break || sleep 5; done
-          done
      - name: lint
        run: make lint
-      - name: checks
-        run: make checks
      - name: build
        run: make build
      - name: test
        run: make test
-      # Build the dind image and run the daemon-facing tests against the docker version it
-      # ships, catching daemon-level regressions (e.g. gitea/runner#981) before release. Runs
-      # after `make test` so the images it needs are already present on the host daemon.
-      - name: test against dind image
-        run: make test-dind
-      - name: coverage report
-        run: |
-          make coverage-report
-          cat .tmp/coverage.md >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -2,9 +2,7 @@
 .env
 !/act/runner/testdata/secrets/.env
 .runner
-.runner.lock
 coverage.txt
-.tmp/
 /config.yaml

 # Jetbrains
@@ -14,4 +12,3 @@ coverage.txt
 __debug_bin
 # gorelease binary folder
 /dist
-.DS_Store
--- a/.golangci.yml
+++ b/.golangci.yml
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ linters:
    - dupl
    - errcheck
    - forbidigo
-    - forcetypeassert
    - gocheckcompilerdirectives
    - gocritic
    - goheader
@@ -103,9 +102,6 @@ linters:
      - linters:
          - forbidigo
        path: cmd
-      - linters:
-          - forcetypeassert
-        path: _test\.go
 issues:
  max-issues-per-linter: 0
  max-same-issues: 0
--- a/.goreleaser.yaml
+++ b/.goreleaser.yaml
@@ -93,37 +93,6 @@ blobs:
      - glob: ./**.xz
      - glob: ./**.sha256

-# Mirrors the S3 `blobs:` upload above into Cloudflare R2 during the
-# parallel S3+R2 period (S3 will be removed once migration completes).
-# A second `blobs:` entry is impossible here since the blob pipe
-# authenticates from the global AWS_* env with no per-entry
-# credentials; `publishers:` supports per-entry `env:` instead, so
-# it's used to invoke scripts/upload-r2.sh once per artifact. Custom
-# publishers inherit almost nothing from the environment, hence the
-# explicit R2_* forwarding below.
-#
-# This publisher fires 109 times for 73 distinct keys because
-# goreleaser's release pipe already registers `release.extra_files`
-# as UploadableFile artifacts, and `internal/exec`'s filterArtifacts
-# appends this block's own extra_files with no de-duplication. It
-# can't be globbed away, since gobwas/glob (via goreleaser/fileglob)
-# has no substring-exclusion matcher. It's harmless: PUT is
-# idempotent, and the `./**.xz` glob below is kept deliberately so
-# this publisher declares its own complete file set rather than
-# implicitly depending on the `release:` block's globs.
-publishers:
-  - name: cloudflare-r2
-    checksum: true
-    extra_files:
-      - glob: ./**.xz
-      - glob: ./**.sha256
-    cmd: sh scripts/upload-r2.sh {{ abs .ArtifactPath }} gitea-runner/{{ .Version }}/{{ .ArtifactName }}
-    env:
-      - R2_ENDPOINT={{ index .Env "R2_ENDPOINT" }}
-      - R2_BUCKET={{ index .Env "R2_BUCKET" }}
-      - R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID={{ index .Env "R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID" }}
-      - R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY={{ index .Env "R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY" }}
-
 archives:
  - format: binary
    name_template: "{{ .Binary }}"
--- a/10
+++ b/10
@@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ RUN make clean && make build
 ### DIND VARIANT
 #
 #
-FROM docker:29.6.2-dind AS dind
+FROM docker:29.5.2-dind AS dind

 ARG VERSION=dev

 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source="https://gitea.com/gitea/runner"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.version="${VERSION}"

-RUN apk add --no-cache s6 bash git tzdata nftables
+RUN apk add --no-cache s6 bash git tzdata

 COPY --from=builder /opt/src/runner/gitea-runner /usr/local/bin/gitea-runner
 COPY scripts/run.sh /usr/local/bin/run.sh
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ ENTRYPOINT ["s6-svscan","/etc/s6"]
 ### DIND-ROOTLESS VARIANT
 #
 #
-FROM docker:29.6.2-dind-rootless AS dind-rootless
+FROM docker:29.5.2-dind-rootless AS dind-rootless

 ARG VERSION=dev

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source="https://gitea.com/gitea/runner"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.version="${VERSION}"

 USER root
-RUN apk add --no-cache s6 bash git tzdata nftables
+RUN apk add --no-cache s6 bash git tzdata

 COPY --from=builder /opt/src/runner/gitea-runner /usr/local/bin/gitea-runner
 COPY scripts/run.sh /usr/local/bin/run.sh
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ ENTRYPOINT ["s6-svscan","/etc/s6"]
 ### BASIC VARIANT
 #
 #
-FROM alpine:3.24 AS basic
+FROM alpine:3.23 AS basic

 ARG VERSION=dev

--- a/43
+++ b/43
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ DIST_DIRS := $(DIST)/binaries $(DIST)/release
 GO ?= go
 SHASUM ?= shasum -a 256
 HAS_GO = $(shell hash $(GO) > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo "GO" || echo "NOGO" )
-XGO_PACKAGE ?= src.techknowlogick.com/xgo@v1.9.0 # renovate: datasource=go
+XGO_PACKAGE ?= src.techknowlogick.com/xgo@latest
 XGO_VERSION := go-1.26.x
-GXZ_PACKAGE ?= github.com/ulikunitz/xz/cmd/gxz@v0.5.15 # renovate: datasource=go
+GXZ_PACKAGE ?= github.com/ulikunitz/xz/cmd/gxz@v0.5.10

 LINUX_ARCHS ?= linux/amd64,linux/arm64
 DARWIN_ARCHS ?= darwin-12/amd64,darwin-12/arm64
@@ -18,10 +18,8 @@ DOCKER_TAG ?= nightly
 DOCKER_REF := $(DOCKER_IMAGE):$(DOCKER_TAG)
 DOCKER_ROOTLESS_REF := $(DOCKER_IMAGE):$(DOCKER_TAG)-dind-rootless

-GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@v2.12.2 # renovate: datasource=go
-GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE ?= golang.org/x/vuln/cmd/govulncheck@v1.3.0 # renovate: datasource=go
-
-GOTEST_FLAGS ?= -race -timeout 20m -parallel 8
+GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@v2.12.2
+GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE ?= golang.org/x/vuln/cmd/govulncheck@v1.3.0

 STATIC ?=
 EXTLDFLAGS ?=
@@ -40,15 +38,12 @@ endif
 ifeq ($(OS), Windows_NT)
 	GOFLAGS := -v -buildmode=exe
 	EXECUTABLE ?= $(EXECUTABLE).exe
-	GO_ENV_WINDOWS := set GOOS=windows&&
 else ifeq ($(OS), Windows)
 	GOFLAGS := -v -buildmode=exe
 	EXECUTABLE ?= $(EXECUTABLE).exe
-	GO_ENV_WINDOWS := set GOOS=windows&&
 else
 	GOFLAGS := -v
 	EXECUTABLE ?= $(EXECUTABLE)
-	GO_ENV_WINDOWS := GOOS=windows
 endif

 STORED_VERSION_FILE := VERSION
@@ -97,7 +92,7 @@ go-check:

 .PHONY: fmt-check
 fmt-check: fmt
-	@diff=$$(git diff --color=always -- '*.go'); \
+	@diff=$$(git diff --color=always); \
 	if [ -n "$$diff" ]; then \
 		echo "Please run 'make fmt' and commit the result:"; \
 		printf "%s" "$${diff}"; \
@@ -112,21 +107,13 @@ deps-tools: ## install tool dependencies
 	$(GO) install $(GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE) & \
 	wait

-.PHONY: checks
-checks: tidy-check fmt-check security-check ## run the non-lint source checks
-
 .PHONY: lint
-lint: lint-go lint-go-windows ## lint everything
+lint: lint-go ## lint everything

 .PHONY: lint-go
 lint-go: ## lint go files
 	$(GO) run $(GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE) run

-.PHONY: lint-go-windows
-lint-go-windows: ## lint Windows go files
-	$(GO) install $(GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE)
-	$(GO_ENV_WINDOWS) golangci-lint run
-
 .PHONY: lint-go-fix
 lint-go-fix: ## lint go files and fix issues
 	$(GO) run $(GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE) run --fix
@@ -136,7 +123,7 @@ lint-pr-title: ## lint PR title against Conventional Commits (set PR_TITLE=...)
 	@node ./tools/lint-pr-title.ts

 .PHONY: security-check
-security-check:
+security-check: deps-tools
 	GOEXPERIMENT= $(GO) run $(GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE) -show color ./... || true

 .PHONY: tidy
@@ -153,18 +140,8 @@ tidy-check: tidy
 	fi

 .PHONY: test
-test: ## test everything (integration tests self-skip without docker/network)
-	@$(GO) test $(GOTEST_FLAGS) -cover -coverprofile coverage.txt ./... && echo "\n==>\033[32m Ok\033[m\n" || exit 1
-
-.PHONY: coverage-report
-coverage-report: ## turn coverage.txt from `make test` into .tmp/coverage.md
-	@mkdir -p .tmp
-	@node ./tools/coverage-report.ts -i coverage.txt -o .tmp/coverage.md
-	@echo "Wrote .tmp/coverage.md"
-
-.PHONY: test-dind
-test-dind: ## run the daemon-facing tests against the built dind image (TARGET=dind|dind-rootless)
-	@./scripts/test-dind.sh $(TARGET)
+test: fmt-check security-check ## test everything
+	@$(GO) test -race -short -v -cover -coverprofile coverage.txt ./... && echo "\n==>\033[32m Ok\033[m\n" || exit 1

 .PHONY: install
 install: $(GOFILES) ## install the runner binary via `go install`
@@ -229,7 +206,7 @@ docker: ## build the docker image
 .PHONY: clean
 clean: ## delete binary and coverage files
 	$(GO) clean -x -i ./...
-	rm -rf coverage.txt .tmp $(EXECUTABLE) $(DIST)
+	rm -rf coverage.txt $(EXECUTABLE) $(DIST)

 .PHONY: version
 version: ## print the version
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -85,48 +85,6 @@ docker run -e GITEA_INSTANCE_URL=https://your_gitea.com -e GITEA_RUNNER_REGISTRA

 Mount a volume on `/data` if you want the registration file and optional config to survive container recreation (see [scripts/run.sh](scripts/run.sh)).

-> **`/data` does not hold the image cache.** It is the runner's working directory and contains only the `.runner` registration file and, optionally, your config file. Images pulled for jobs live in the *Docker daemon's* data root, which for the `dind` flavours is inside the container (`/var/lib/docker`, or `/home/rootless/.local/share/docker` for `dind-rootless`). To keep the image cache across restarts, give that path its own volume as well — otherwise every new container re-pulls the job images. With the `basic` flavour the images live on whichever daemon you point the runner at, so there is nothing extra to persist.
-
-### Image flavours
-
-The image is published in three flavours, all built from the single multi-stage [Dockerfile](Dockerfile) in this repository. They differ only in how a Docker daemon is made available to the jobs the runner executes; the `gitea-runner` binary inside them is identical.
-
-| Tag | Build target | Base image | Docker daemon | Process supervisor | Runs as |
-| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
-| `latest` (and `<version>`) | `basic` | `alpine` | none — uses an external daemon you provide | [`tini`](https://github.com/krallin/tini) | `root` |
-| `latest-dind` | `dind` | `docker:dind` | bundled, started inside the container | [`s6`](https://skarnet.org/software/s6/) | `root` (privileged) |
-| `latest-dind-rootless` | `dind-rootless` | `docker:dind-rootless` | bundled, started rootless inside the container | [`s6`](https://skarnet.org/software/s6/) | `rootless` (UID 1000) |
-
-#### `latest` — basic
-
-The default flavour ships only the runner on a minimal Alpine base. It contains **no Docker daemon of its own**: jobs that use `docker://` images need a daemon supplied from outside the container, typically by bind-mounting the host's socket:
-
-```bash
-docker run -e GITEA_INSTANCE_URL=https://your_gitea.com -e GITEA_RUNNER_REGISTRATION_TOKEN=<your_token> \
-  -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock --name my_runner gitea/runner:latest
-```
-
-`tini` is the entrypoint (it reaps zombie processes), and it just runs [`scripts/run.sh`](scripts/run.sh), which registers the runner on first start and then execs `gitea-runner daemon`. This flavour does not need `--privileged`. The trade-off is that jobs share the host's daemon, so they can see other containers and images on that daemon.
-
-#### `latest-dind` — Docker-in-Docker
-
-This flavour is based on the official `docker:dind` image and bundles its own Docker daemon, so it needs no external socket — only the `--privileged` flag that Docker-in-Docker requires:
-
-```bash
-docker run --privileged -e GITEA_INSTANCE_URL=https://your_gitea.com -e GITEA_RUNNER_REGISTRATION_TOKEN=<your_token> \
-  --name my_runner gitea/runner:latest-dind
-```
-
-Two processes have to run side by side here (the Docker daemon and the runner), so the entrypoint is the [`s6`](https://skarnet.org/software/s6/) supervision tree under [`scripts/s6`](scripts/s6) instead of `tini`. `s6` starts `dockerd`, and the runner service waits for the daemon to come up (`s6-svwait`) before launching [`run.sh`](scripts/run.sh). Each container has a private daemon isolated from the host's, at the cost of running privileged.
-
-#### `latest-dind-rootless` — rootless Docker-in-Docker
-
-Same idea as `dind`, but built on `docker:dind-rootless` so the bundled daemon and the runner run as an unprivileged user (`rootless`, UID 1000) rather than `root`. `DOCKER_HOST` is preset to `unix:///run/user/1000/docker.sock` so the runner talks to the rootless daemon. This reduces the blast radius compared to the privileged `dind` flavour, but rootless Docker carries the usual rootless limitations (networking, cgroups, storage drivers, and some operations that need additional host configuration such as `/etc/subuid` / `/etc/subgid` mappings and unprivileged user-namespace support).
-
-> **The UID is fixed at 1000.** It comes from the `rootless` user baked into the upstream `docker:dind-rootless` base image, and the bundled daemon always listens on `/run/user/1000/docker.sock` inside the container, so running this flavour as a different user (`--user 1001`) does not work. If you need the runner to talk to a *host* rootless daemon that runs under some other UID, use the `basic` flavour instead and bind-mount that daemon's socket (see [examples/vm/rootless-docker.md](examples/vm/rootless-docker.md)); pointing `DOCKER_HOST` at a host socket from inside `dind-rootless` will not work. Changing the UID otherwise means rebuilding the image from a base with a different `rootless` user.
-
-> **Note on Podman:** these images target the Docker daemon. The bundled `dind`/`dind-rootless` daemons are `dockerd`, not Podman, and the `basic` flavour expects a Docker-compatible socket. Running them under rootless Podman is not a supported configuration, though pointing the `basic` flavour at a Podman socket that emulates the Docker API may work for some workloads.
-
 ### Configuration

 The runner is configured with a YAML file. Generate a starting point (this matches what ships in the tree):
@@ -147,146 +105,26 @@ Every option is described in [config.example.yaml](internal/pkg/config/config.ex

 #### Without a config file

-If you omit `-c`, built-in defaults apply (same as an empty YAML document).
+If you omit `-c`, built-in defaults apply (same as an empty YAML document). A small set of **deprecated** environment variables can still override parts of that default config, but **only when no `-c` path was given**; they are ignored if you use a config file:

-Earlier releases let a small set of environment variables (`GITEA_DEBUG`, `GITEA_TRACE`, `GITEA_RUNNER_CAPACITY`, `GITEA_RUNNER_FILE`, `GITEA_RUNNER_ENVIRON`, `GITEA_RUNNER_ENV_FILE`) override parts of the default config. Those overrides have been removed — use a YAML config file for all settings instead. For the Docker images, the entrypoint still understands a separate set of variables (such as `RUNNER_STATE_FILE`); see [scripts/run.sh](scripts/run.sh) and the container documentation below.
-
-### Labels
-
-Labels decide **which jobs a runner accepts** and **how it runs them**. A job's `runs-on` is matched against the runner's label names; the first match wins and selects the execution environment for that job.
-
-A label is written as:
-
-```text
-<name>[:<schema>[:<args>]]
-```
-
-| Part | Meaning |
+| Variable | Effect |
 | --- | --- |
-| `name` | The name a workflow refers to in `runs-on`, e.g. `ubuntu-latest`. |
-| `schema` | Either `docker` or `host`. Defaults to `host` when omitted. |
-| `args` | Only used by the `docker` schema: the image to run the job in. |
+| `GITEA_DEBUG` | If true, sets log level to `debug` |
+| `GITEA_TRACE` | If true, sets log level to `trace` |
+| `GITEA_RUNNER_CAPACITY` | Concurrent jobs (integer) |
+| `GITEA_RUNNER_FILE` | Registration state file path (default `.runner`) |
+| `GITEA_RUNNER_ENVIRON` | Extra job env vars as comma-separated `KEY:VALUE` pairs |
+| `GITEA_RUNNER_ENV_FILE` | Path to an env file merged into job env (same idea as `runner.env_file` in YAML) |

-Two schemas are supported:
-
- **`docker://<image>`** — the job runs inside a container created from `<image>`:
-
-  ```text
-  ubuntu-latest:docker://docker.gitea.com/runner-images:ubuntu-latest
-  ```
-
- **`host`** — the job's steps run directly on the machine the runner is on, using the tools installed there:
-
-  ```text
-  macos:host
-  ```
-
-So with the labels
-
-```text
-ubuntu-latest:docker://docker.gitea.com/runner-images:ubuntu-latest,macos:host
-```
-
-a workflow with `runs-on: ubuntu-latest` is executed in the `runner-images:ubuntu-latest` container, and one with `runs-on: macos` is executed directly on the host.
-
-Names may themselves contain a colon (for example `pool:e57e18d4-10d4-406f-93bf-60f127221bdd`); only `host` and `docker` are treated as schemas.
-
-If a job's `runs-on` matches none of the runner's labels, the job still runs, in the default `docker.gitea.com/runner-images:ubuntu-latest` image. Images maintained for this purpose are listed at [gitea/runner-images](https://gitea.com/gitea/runner-images).
-
-Labels are chosen at registration time (`--labels`, or the interactive prompt) and can be changed afterwards by editing `runner.labels` in the config file, or in the Gitea UI under the runner's settings.
+Prefer a YAML file for all settings.

 #### Registration vs config labels

 If `runner.labels` is set in the YAML file, those labels are used during `register` and the `--labels` CLI flag is ignored.

-The `daemon` command also accepts `--labels` (which defaults to the `GITEA_RUNNER_LABELS` environment variable), so the labels of an already registered runner can be changed without deleting its registration file. The most explicit source wins:
+#### External cache (`actions/cache`)

-```
--labels / GITEA_RUNNER_LABELS   >   runner.labels in the config file   >   labels in the .runner file
-```
-
-Whenever the resulting labels differ from the ones in the registration file, they are written back to it and re-declared to the Gitea instance on startup.
-
-> **Note:** A runner that only exposes `host` labels still needs access to a Docker daemon (e.g. a mounted `/var/run/docker.sock`) whenever a job uses a `docker://` action or a service container. `host` labels only change where the job's own steps run; container-based steps and actions are still executed with Docker.
-
-#### Proxy
-
-Set these variables in the runner's environment, with systemd `Environment=`, `docker run -e`, or Kubernetes `env:`:
-
-```sh
-http_proxy=http://proxy.example:3128
-https_proxy=http://proxy.example:3128
-no_proxy=gitea.internal,.example.local
-```
-
-The runner uses them for its own requests and gives them to every job, in lower and upper case.
-
-These hosts are added to `no_proxy` for jobs, so they are always reached directly:
-
- the cache server
- `localhost`, `127.0.0.1` and `::1`
- the job's service containers
- the Docker daemon, when it is reached over `tcp://`
-
-Gitea is not added. Add it to `no_proxy` yourself if it should be reached directly.
-
-To change a value for one job, set it in a step's `env:` or in the job's `container.env`. Setting it at workflow or job level has no effect. To change it for the whole runner, set it in `runner.envs`. A `no_proxy` set there is added to the list above instead of replacing it.
-
-Images are pulled by the Docker daemon, which needs its own proxy setting. In the `dind` images the daemon runs in the same container and reads the variables above. For any other daemon, see [the Docker documentation](https://docs.docker.com/engine/daemon/proxy/). The runner logs a warning at startup if it has a proxy and the daemon does not.
-
-Dockerfile actions are built with these variables as build arguments, so their `RUN` steps can reach the network.
-
-A password in a proxy URL is hidden in job logs. Any step can still read it, because the step is given the proxy URL in its environment.
-
-#### Caching (`actions/cache`)
-
-Each runner starts its own cache server automatically. Cache entries are local to that runner — runners do not share a cache by default.
-
-**Cache service v2**
-
-`actions/cache@v4.2` and later can use the *cache service v2* API. The runner serves it from the same store as v1, on by default, and it works with `external_server`. Turn it off with:
-
-```yaml
-cache:
-  v2: false
-```
-
-Those actions refuse any host they do not take for GitHub. Rather than misreport the server URL, the runner edits that check out of the action's own bundle and keeps the untouched copy beside it; a bundle it does not recognise is left alone and keeps to v1. The same edit lets the stock `actions/upload-artifact` and `actions/download-artifact` work from `v4.4.0` on, without the `gitea-upload-artifact` fork.
-
-**Shared cache across multiple runners**
-
-Run one dedicated `gitea-runner cache-server` that all runners point at.
-
-1. Create a config file for the cache server host:
-
-   ```yaml
-   cache:
-     dir: /data/actcache
-     port: 8088
-     external_secret: "replace-with-a-strong-random-secret"
-     # external_secret_file: /path/to/secret # secret can also be passed via a file
-   ```
-
-2. Start the server:
-
-   ```bash
-   gitea-runner -c cache-server-config.yaml cache-server
-   ```
-
-3. On every runner:
-
-   ```yaml
-   cache:
-     external_server: "http://<cache-server-host>:8088/"
-     external_secret: "replace-with-a-strong-random-secret"  # must match the server
-     # external_secret_file: /path/to/secret # secret can also be passed via a file
-   ```
-
-Alternatively, mount the same NFS/CIFS share on every runner and point `cache.dir` at it — simpler, but with weaker isolation between repositories.
-
-**S3 / MinIO** — mount object storage as a FUSE filesystem (e.g. [s3fs](https://github.com/s3fs-fuse/s3fs-fuse) or [goofys](https://github.com/kahing/goofys)) and set `cache.dir` to the mount point.
-
-Flags `--dir`, `--host`, and `--port` on `cache-server` override the corresponding `cache.*` YAML keys; all other settings, including `external_secret`, require the config file.
+If `cache.external_server` is set, you must set `cache.external_secret` to the same value on this runner and on the standalone cache server. Run the server with `gitea-runner cache-server` using a config that defines `cache.external_secret` (and matching `cache.dir` / host / port as needed). Flags `--dir`, `--host`, and `--port` on `cache-server` override the file.

 #### Official Docker image

@@ -294,32 +132,11 @@ Besides `GITEA_INSTANCE_URL` and `GITEA_RUNNER_REGISTRATION_TOKEN`, the image en

 For a fuller container-oriented walkthrough, see [examples/docker](examples/docker/README.md).

-While the runner is idle it cleans up after earlier jobs:
- when `container.bind_workdir` is enabled, stale task workspace directories older than `runner.workdir_cleanup_age` are removed (default: `24h`; set `0` to disable)
+When `container.bind_workdir` is enabled, stale task workspace directories can be cleaned while the runner is idle:
+- directories older than `runner.workdir_cleanup_age` are removed (default: `24h`; set `0` to disable)
+- cleanup runs every `runner.idle_cleanup_interval` (default: `10m`; set `0` to disable)
 - only purely numeric subdirectories under `container.workdir_parent` are treated as task workspaces and may be removed
 - cleanup assumes `container.workdir_parent` is not shared across multiple runners
- on runners that use docker, per-job networks left behind by jobs the runner did not live to tear down are removed, identified by the `com.gitea.runner.uuid` label carrying this runner's uuid
- cleanup runs every `runner.idle_cleanup_interval` (default: `10m`; set `0` to disable), and setting either knob to `0` disables all of the above
-
-#### Post-task script (`runner.post_task_script`)
-
-Optional host script that runs **after** each task's built-in cleanup (post-steps, container teardown, bind-workdir removal). Use it for extra machine housekeeping — Docker pruning, disk cleanup, and similar.
-
-**While the script runs, the runner stops task heartbeats and stays offline from Gitea's perspective until the script exits (or hits `runner.post_task_script_timeout`, default `5m`).** A script that blocks without exiting keeps the runner from taking new work for up to that timeout. Script output goes to the runner log, not the job log; a non-zero exit is warned but does not change the job result.
-
-On Windows, use `.exe`, `.bat`, or `.cmd` paths; **PowerShell (`.ps1`) is not supported yet** as the configured path — wrap commands in a `.cmd` file instead.
-
-See **[docs/post-task-script.md](docs/post-task-script.md)** for lifecycle details, environment variables, timeout interaction, and platform notes.
-
-#### Job hooks (`runner.hooks.job_started`, `runner.hooks.job_completed`)
-
-Optional scripts that run **inside the job environment** (the job container, or the host in host mode), before the job's first step and after its last one. They are the equivalent of GitHub's `ACTIONS_RUNNER_HOOK_JOB_STARTED` / `ACTIONS_RUNNER_HOOK_JOB_COMPLETED`, which are read when the settings are unset.
-
-Because they run where the steps run and see the job's environment, they are the place for per-job setup no workflow should have to carry: registry logins, mirror configuration, or masking runner-wide secrets with `::add-mask::`. Their output is part of the job log and is scanned for workflow commands, and they can export to the job through `$GITHUB_ENV` and `$GITHUB_PATH`.
-
-Both hooks are synchronous and block the job while they run. Either one exiting non-zero fails the job, and there is no per-hook timeout.
-
-See **[docs/job-hooks.md](docs/job-hooks.md)** for the execution order, environment, and platform notes.

 ### Example Deployments

--- a/act/artifactcache/handler.go
+++ b/act/artifactcache/handler.go
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ type Handler struct {
 	storage  *Storage
 	router   *httprouter.Router
 	listener net.Listener
-	port     int
 	server   *http.Server
 	logger   logrus.FieldLogger

@@ -158,13 +157,12 @@ func StartHandler(dir, outboundIP string, port uint16, internalSecret string, lo
 	router.POST(apiPath+"/clean", h.bearerAuth(h.clean))
 	// Artifact GET is signed via query-string HMAC because @actions/cache
 	// does not attach Authorization when downloading archiveLocation.
-	router.GET(apiPath+"/artifacts/:id", h.signedAuth("", h.get))
+	router.GET(apiPath+"/artifacts/:id", h.signedURLAuth(h.get))
 	// Control-plane: a remote runner registers/revokes per-job tokens so the
 	// cache API can authenticate them. Always wired so the routes exist; the
 	// handlers themselves 401 when internalSecret is unset.
 	router.POST(internalPath+"/register", h.internalAuth(h.internalRegister))
 	router.POST(internalPath+"/revoke", h.internalAuth(h.internalRevoke))
-	h.registerV2Routes(router)

 	h.router = router

@@ -179,12 +177,6 @@ func StartHandler(dir, outboundIP string, port uint16, internalSecret string, lo
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	addr, ok := listener.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr)
-	if !ok {
-		listener.Close()
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cache server listens on %T, want a TCP address", listener.Addr())
-	}
-	h.port = addr.Port
 	server := &http.Server{
 		ReadHeaderTimeout: 2 * time.Second,
 		Handler:           router,
@@ -202,7 +194,9 @@ func StartHandler(dir, outboundIP string, port uint16, internalSecret string, lo

 func (h *Handler) ExternalURL() string {
 	// TODO: make the external url configurable if necessary
-	return fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:%d", h.outboundIP, h.port)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:%d",
+		h.outboundIP,
+		h.listener.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port)
 }

 // RegisterJob makes token a valid bearer credential for cache requests from
@@ -340,7 +334,7 @@ func (h *Handler) find(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Para
 	}
 	defer db.Close()

-	cache, err := h.lookupCache(db, cred.Repo, keys, version)
+	cache, err := findCache(db, cred.Repo, keys, version)
 	if err != nil {
 		h.responseJSON(w, r, 500, err)
 		return
@@ -349,6 +343,15 @@ func (h *Handler) find(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Para
 		h.responseJSON(w, r, 204)
 		return
 	}
+
+	if ok, err := h.storage.Exist(cache.ID); err != nil {
+		h.responseJSON(w, r, 500, err)
+		return
+	} else if !ok {
+		_ = db.Delete(cache.ID, cache)
+		h.responseJSON(w, r, 204)
+		return
+	}
 	h.responseJSON(w, r, 200, map[string]any{
 		"result":          "hit",
 		"archiveLocation": h.signedArtifactURL(cache.ID, time.Now().Add(artifactURLTTL)),
@@ -356,25 +359,6 @@ func (h *Handler) find(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Para
 	})
 }

-// lookupCache returns the entry to restore for these keys, or (nil, nil) when there is none:
-// either nothing matched, or the match had lost its blob to a prune, in which case the dangling
-// entry is dropped on the way out.
-func (h *Handler) lookupCache(db *bolthold.Store, repo string, keys []string, version string) (*Cache, error) {
-	cache, err := findCache(db, repo, keys, version)
-	if err != nil || cache == nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	ok, err := h.storage.Exist(cache.ID)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if !ok {
-		_ = db.Delete(cache.ID, cache)
-		return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // absence is not an error here
-	}
-	return cache, nil
-}
-
 // POST /_apis/artifactcache/caches
 func (h *Handler) reserve(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Params) {
 	cred := credFromContext(r.Context())
@@ -449,7 +433,7 @@ func (h *Handler) upload(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params httprout
 		h.responseJSON(w, r, 500, err)
 		return
 	}
-	_ = h.touchCache(uint64(id), false)
+	h.useCache(id)
 	h.responseJSON(w, r, 200)
 }

@@ -490,7 +474,23 @@ func (h *Handler) commit(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params httprout

 	db.Close()

-	if err := h.commitCache(cache); err != nil {
+	size, err := h.storage.Commit(cache.ID, cache.Size)
+	if err != nil {
+		h.responseJSON(w, r, 500, err)
+		return
+	}
+	// write real size back to cache, it may be different from the current value when the request doesn't specify it.
+	cache.Size = size
+
+	db, err = h.openDB()
+	if err != nil {
+		h.responseJSON(w, r, 500, err)
+		return
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+
+	cache.Complete = true
+	if err := db.Update(cache.ID, cache); err != nil {
 		h.responseJSON(w, r, 500, err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -498,28 +498,8 @@ func (h *Handler) commit(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params httprout
 	h.responseJSON(w, r, 200)
 }

-// commitCache assembles the uploaded parts and marks the entry complete. The caller must
-// have closed its store first: Commit concatenates the whole archive and would otherwise
-// hold bolt's exclusive file lock for the duration.
-func (h *Handler) commitCache(cache *Cache) error {
-	written, err := h.storage.Commit(cache.ID, cache.Size)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	// write real size back to cache, it may be different from the current value when the request doesn't specify it.
-	cache.Size = written
-	cache.Complete = true
-
-	db, err := h.openDB()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer db.Close()
-	return db.Update(cache.ID, cache)
-}
-
 // GET /_apis/artifactcache/artifacts/:id
-// Authenticated via signed URL (see signedAuth), not bearer, because the
+// Authenticated via signed URL (see signedURLAuth), not bearer, because the
 // @actions/cache toolkit downloads archiveLocation without Authorization.
 // Repository scoping is already enforced at find() time; the signature binds
 // the URL to the specific cache ID and an expiry.
@@ -529,7 +509,7 @@ func (h *Handler) get(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params httprouter.
 		h.responseJSON(w, r, 400, err)
 		return
 	}
-	_ = h.touchCache(uint64(id), false)
+	h.useCache(id)
 	h.storage.Serve(w, r, uint64(id))
 }

@@ -563,9 +543,7 @@ func (h *Handler) bearerAuth(handler httprouter.Handle) httprouter.Handle {
 	}
 }

-// signedAuth authenticates a signed URL. purpose separates the flavours of URL the
-// handler hands out, so one cannot be replayed as another; see computeSignature.
-func (h *Handler) signedAuth(purpose string, handler httprouter.Handle) httprouter.Handle {
+func (h *Handler) signedURLAuth(handler httprouter.Handle) httprouter.Handle {
 	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params httprouter.Params) {
 		h.logger.Debugf("%s %s", r.Method, r.URL.Path)
 		id, err := strconv.ParseInt(params.ByName("id"), 10, 64)
@@ -588,7 +566,7 @@ func (h *Handler) signedAuth(purpose string, handler httprouter.Handle) httprout
 			h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusUnauthorized, errors.New("signature expired"))
 			return
 		}
-		expected := h.computeSignature(purpose, id, exp)
+		expected := h.computeSignature(id, exp)
 		if !hmac.Equal([]byte(sig), []byte(expected)) {
 			h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusUnauthorized, errors.New("bad signature"))
 			return
@@ -672,26 +650,19 @@ func credFromContext(ctx context.Context) JobCredential {
 	return JobCredential{}
 }

-// computeSignature signs a URL for one cache entry and expiry. purpose is mixed into the
-// message so a URL handed out for writing an entry cannot be replayed to read one, and the
-// other way round. Downloads use the empty purpose, the message v1 has always signed.
-func (h *Handler) computeSignature(purpose string, cacheID, exp int64) string {
+func (h *Handler) computeSignature(cacheID, exp int64) string {
 	mac := hmac.New(sha256.New, h.secret)
-	fmt.Fprintf(mac, "%s%d:%d", purpose, cacheID, exp)
+	fmt.Fprintf(mac, "%d:%d", cacheID, exp)
 	return hex.EncodeToString(mac.Sum(nil))
 }

-// signedURL builds a URL under path that signedAuth accepts for the same purpose.
-func (h *Handler) signedURL(path, purpose string, cacheID uint64, exp time.Time) string {
+func (h *Handler) signedArtifactURL(cacheID uint64, exp time.Time) string {
 	expUnix := exp.Unix()
+	sig := h.computeSignature(int64(cacheID), expUnix)
 	q := url.Values{}
 	q.Set("exp", strconv.FormatInt(expUnix, 10))
-	q.Set("sig", h.computeSignature(purpose, int64(cacheID), expUnix))
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s/%d?%s", h.ExternalURL(), path, cacheID, q.Encode())
-}
-
-func (h *Handler) signedArtifactURL(cacheID uint64, exp time.Time) string {
-	return h.signedURL(apiPath+"/artifacts", "", cacheID, exp)
+	q.Set("sig", sig)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s%s/artifacts/%d?%s", h.ExternalURL(), apiPath, cacheID, q.Encode())
 }

 // if not found, return (nil, nil) instead of an error.
@@ -699,12 +670,16 @@ func findCache(db *bolthold.Store, repo string, keys []string, version string) (
 	cache := &Cache{}
 	for _, prefix := range keys {
 		// if a key in the list matches exactly, don't return partial matches
-		exact, err := findExactCache(db, repo, prefix, version, true)
+		if err := db.FindOne(cache,
+			bolthold.Where("Repo").Eq(repo).
+				And("Key").Eq(prefix).
+				And("Version").Eq(version).
+				And("Complete").Eq(true).
+				SortBy("CreatedAt").Reverse()); err == nil || !errors.Is(err, bolthold.ErrNotFound) {
 			if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("find cache: %w", err)
 			}
-		if exact != nil {
-			return exact, nil
+			return cache, nil
 		}
 		prefixPattern := "^" + regexp.QuoteMeta(prefix)
 		re, err := regexp.Compile(prefixPattern)
@@ -727,34 +702,6 @@ func findCache(db *bolthold.Store, repo string, keys []string, version string) (
 	return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 }

-// findExactCache returns the entry for exactly this key and version, or (nil, nil) if there is
-// none. Unlike findCache it never falls back to a prefix (restore-key) match, which is what both
-// its callers need: a new key that is only a prefix of an existing key is not the same entry.
-//
-// A completed entry is the one to restore, sorted by when it was written. An incomplete one is a
-// reservation being uploaded to, sorted by when it was last written to, because the upload route
-// touches UsedAt on every part.
-func findExactCache(db *bolthold.Store, repo, key, version string, complete bool) (*Cache, error) {
-	sortBy := "UsedAt"
-	if complete {
-		sortBy = "CreatedAt"
-	}
-	cache := &Cache{}
-	err := db.FindOne(cache,
-		bolthold.Where("Repo").Eq(repo).
-			And("Key").Eq(key).
-			And("Version").Eq(version).
-			And("Complete").Eq(complete).
-			SortBy(sortBy).Reverse())
-	if errors.Is(err, bolthold.ErrNotFound) {
-		return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // absence is not an error here
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("find cache: %w", err)
-	}
-	return cache, nil
-}
-
 func insertCache(db *bolthold.Store, cache *Cache) error {
 	if err := db.Insert(bolthold.NextSequence(), cache); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("insert cache: %w", err)
@@ -766,30 +713,18 @@ func insertCache(db *bolthold.Store, cache *Cache) error {
 	return nil
 }

-// touchCache stamps UsedAt so gcCache does not reap an entry mid-upload. With requireIncomplete
-// it also refuses an entry that is already complete, which is what the v2 blob route needs: its
-// upload URL outlives the finalize call, and overwriting a finished entry would leave the blob
-// other jobs restore no longer matching its recorded size. An entry missing from the store is
-// accepted, since the signature proves the id was handed out.
-func (h *Handler) touchCache(id uint64, requireIncomplete bool) error {
+func (h *Handler) useCache(id int64) {
 	db, err := h.openDB()
 	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		return
 	}
 	defer db.Close()
-
 	cache := &Cache{}
 	if err := db.Get(id, cache); err != nil {
-		if errors.Is(err, bolthold.ErrNotFound) {
-			return nil
-		}
-		return err
-	}
-	if requireIncomplete && cache.Complete {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cache %d: already complete", id)
+		return
 	}
 	cache.UsedAt = time.Now().Unix()
-	return db.Update(cache.ID, cache)
+	_ = db.Update(cache.ID, cache)
 }

 const (
--- a/act/artifactcache/handler_test.go
+++ b/act/artifactcache/handler_test.go
@@ -445,6 +445,13 @@ func TestHandler(t *testing.T) {
 		require.Equal(t, 404, resp.StatusCode)
 	})

+	t.Run("get with not exist id", func(t *testing.T) {
+		resp, err := testClient.Get(signArtifactURL(handler, 100))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer resp.Body.Close()
+		require.Equal(t, 404, resp.StatusCode)
+	})
+
 	t.Run("get with multiple keys", func(t *testing.T) {
 		version := "c19da02a2bd7e77277f1ac29ab45c09b7d46a4ee758284e26bb3045ad11d9d20"
 		key := strings.ToLower(t.Name())
@@ -462,8 +469,7 @@ func TestHandler(t *testing.T) {
 			_, err := rand.Read(contents[i])
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			uploadCacheNormally(t, base, keys[i], version, contents[i])
-			// ensure CreatedAt of caches are different, in upload order
-			backdateCache(t, handler, keys[i], time.Duration(len(contents)-i)*time.Second)
+			time.Sleep(time.Second) // ensure CreatedAt of caches are different
 		}

 		reqKeys := strings.Join([]string{
@@ -548,8 +554,7 @@ func TestHandler(t *testing.T) {
 			_, err := rand.Read(contents[i])
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			uploadCacheNormally(t, base, keys[i], version, contents[i])
-			// ensure CreatedAt of caches are different, in upload order
-			backdateCache(t, handler, keys[i], time.Duration(len(contents)-i)*time.Second)
+			time.Sleep(time.Second) // ensure CreatedAt of caches are different
 		}

 		reqKeys := strings.Join([]string{
@@ -602,8 +607,7 @@ func TestHandler(t *testing.T) {
 			_, err := rand.Read(contents[i])
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			uploadCacheNormally(t, base, keys[i], version, contents[i])
-			// ensure CreatedAt of caches are different, in upload order
-			backdateCache(t, handler, keys[i], time.Duration(len(contents)-i)*time.Second)
+			time.Sleep(time.Second) // ensure CreatedAt of caches are different
 		}

 		reqKeys := strings.Join([]string{
@@ -642,20 +646,6 @@ func TestHandler(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }

-// backdateCache rewrites a cache's CreatedAt. It has one-second resolution, so age-ordering
-// tests set it directly instead of sleeping a second between uploads.
-func backdateCache(t *testing.T, handler *Handler, key string, age time.Duration) {
-	db, err := handler.openDB()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer db.Close()
-
-	var caches []*Cache
-	require.NoError(t, db.Find(&caches, bolthold.Where("Key").Eq(key)))
-	require.Len(t, caches, 1)
-	caches[0].CreatedAt = time.Now().Add(-age).Unix()
-	require.NoError(t, db.Update(caches[0].ID, caches[0]))
-}
-
 func uploadCacheNormally(t *testing.T, base, key, version string, content []byte) { //nolint:unparam // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 	var id uint64
 	{
@@ -1041,14 +1031,14 @@ func TestHandler_SecretPersistsAcrossRestarts(t *testing.T) {
 	first, err := StartHandler(dir, "127.0.0.1", 0, "", nil)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	exp := time.Now().Add(artifactURLTTL).Unix()
-	sig := first.computeSignature("", 42, exp)
+	sig := first.computeSignature(42, exp)
 	require.NoError(t, first.Close())

 	second, err := StartHandler(dir, "127.0.0.1", 0, "", nil)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer second.Close()

-	assert.Equal(t, sig, second.computeSignature("", 42, exp))
+	assert.Equal(t, sig, second.computeSignature(42, exp))
 }

 // TestHandler_ArtifactSignatureDownload is a happy-path round trip that
--- a/act/artifactcache/handler_v2.go
+++ b/act/artifactcache/handler_v2.go
@@ -1,268 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package artifactcache
-
-import (
-	"cmp"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"encoding/xml"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
-)
-
-// The cache service v2 API. A client on this version talks twirp to
-// `github.actions.results.api.v1.CacheService` instead of the /_apis/artifactcache
-// endpoints, and uploads the archive to the returned URL with the Azure blob protocol.
-// Both API versions are served from the same store, so a repository keeps its cache
-// when a workflow moves between action versions.
-const (
-	cacheServiceV2Path = "/twirp/github.actions.results.api.v1.CacheService"
-
-	// blobPath authenticates by signature, because the client uploads without an
-	// Authorization header. Downloads are handed the v1 artifact URL instead.
-	blobPath = apiPath + "/blobs"
-
-	// blobUploadPurpose keeps an upload URL from being replayed to read an entry.
-	blobUploadPurpose = "upload:"
-
-	blobUploadURLTTL = time.Hour
-
-	// twirpInternal is the only error code that is not the client's fault.
-	twirpInternal = "internal"
-)
-
-func (h *Handler) registerV2Routes(router *httprouter.Router) {
-	router.POST(cacheServiceV2Path+"/CreateCacheEntry", h.bearerAuth(h.v2CreateCacheEntry))
-	router.POST(cacheServiceV2Path+"/FinalizeCacheEntryUpload", h.bearerAuth(h.v2FinalizeCacheEntryUpload))
-	router.POST(cacheServiceV2Path+"/GetCacheEntryDownloadURL", h.bearerAuth(h.v2GetCacheEntryDownloadURL))
-	router.PUT(blobPath+"/:id", h.signedAuth(blobUploadPurpose, h.v2UploadBlob))
-}
-
-// An entry that already exists is reported as not ok, which is how the client learns to skip
-// the upload.
-func (h *Handler) v2CreateCacheEntry(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Params) {
-	cred := credFromContext(r.Context())
-	req, err := decodeTwirpRequest[v2CreateRequest](r)
-	if err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, "malformed_request", err)
-		return
-	}
-	if req.Key == "" || req.Version == "" {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, "invalid_argument", errors.New("key and version are required"))
-		return
-	}
-
-	db, err := h.openDB()
-	if err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, twirpInternal, err)
-		return
-	}
-	defer db.Close()
-
-	// An exact (key, version) match means the entry is already cached; the client then skips
-	// the upload. A prefix match must not count here, or a shorter key would be reported as
-	// existing and silently never saved.
-	if existing, err := findExactCache(db, cred.Repo, req.Key, req.Version, true); err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, twirpInternal, err)
-		return
-	} else if existing != nil {
-		h.twirpNotOK(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-
-	now := time.Now().Unix()
-	cache := &Cache{
-		Repo:      cred.Repo,
-		Key:       req.Key,
-		Version:   req.Version,
-		Size:      -1, // the size is only known at finalize time
-		CreatedAt: now,
-		UsedAt:    now,
-	}
-	if err := insertCache(db, cache); err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, twirpInternal, err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusOK, map[string]any{
-		"ok":              true,
-		"signedUploadUrl": h.signedURL(blobPath, blobUploadPurpose, cache.ID, time.Now().Add(blobUploadURLTTL)),
-	})
-}
-
-func (h *Handler) v2FinalizeCacheEntryUpload(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Params) {
-	cred := credFromContext(r.Context())
-	req, err := decodeTwirpRequest[v2FinalizeRequest](r)
-	if err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, "malformed_request", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	db, err := h.openDB()
-	if err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, twirpInternal, err)
-		return
-	}
-	defer db.Close()
-
-	cache, err := findExactCache(db, cred.Repo, req.Key, req.Version, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, twirpInternal, err)
-		return
-	}
-	if cache == nil {
-		h.twirpNotOK(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-	db.Close() // commitCache needs the store closed
-
-	cache.Size, _ = cmp.Or(req.SizeBytes, req.SizeBytesCamel).Int64()
-	if err := h.commitCache(cache); err != nil {
-		h.logger.Errorf("finalize cache %d (%s): %v", cache.ID, cache.Key, err)
-		h.twirpNotOK(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-
-	h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusOK, map[string]any{
-		"ok": true,
-		// int64 fields travel as strings in the proto JSON mapping.
-		"entryId": strconv.FormatUint(cache.ID, 10),
-	})
-}
-
-func (h *Handler) v2GetCacheEntryDownloadURL(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Params) {
-	cred := credFromContext(r.Context())
-	req, err := decodeTwirpRequest[v2DownloadRequest](r)
-	if err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, "malformed_request", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	db, err := h.openDB()
-	if err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, twirpInternal, err)
-		return
-	}
-	defer db.Close()
-
-	cache, err := h.lookupCache(db, cred.Repo, req.keys(), req.Version)
-	if err != nil {
-		h.twirpError(w, r, twirpInternal, err)
-		return
-	}
-	if cache == nil {
-		h.twirpNotOK(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-
-	h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusOK, map[string]any{
-		"ok":                true,
-		"signedDownloadUrl": h.signedArtifactURL(cache.ID, time.Now().Add(artifactURLTTL)),
-		"matchedKey":        cache.Key,
-	})
-}
-
-// The archive arrives over the subset of the Azure blob API the toolkit uses: a small
-// cache is a single PUT, a large one is staged as blocks that a final block list puts
-// in order.
-func (h *Handler) v2UploadBlob(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params httprouter.Params) {
-	id, err := strconv.ParseUint(params.ByName("id"), 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	if err := h.touchCache(id, true); err != nil {
-		h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	query := r.URL.Query()
-	switch strings.ToLower(query.Get("comp")) {
-	case "block":
-		blockID := query.Get("blockid")
-		if blockID == "" {
-			h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusBadRequest, errors.New("missing blockid"))
-			return
-		}
-		err = h.storage.WriteBlock(id, blockID, r.Body)
-	case "blocklist":
-		var list struct{ Latest []string }
-		if err := xml.NewDecoder(io.LimitReader(r.Body, 8<<20)).Decode(&list); err != nil {
-			h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusBadRequest, fmt.Errorf("malformed block list: %w", err))
-			return
-		}
-		err = h.storage.OrderBlocks(id, list.Latest)
-	default:
-		err = h.storage.Write(id, 0, r.Body)
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusInternalServerError, err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusCreated)
-}
-
-// twirpNotOK is the negative answer all three endpoints share: no such entry to restore, no
-// reservation to finalize, or an entry that already exists and need not be uploaded again.
-func (h *Handler) twirpNotOK(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	h.responseJSON(w, r, http.StatusOK, map[string]any{"ok": false})
-}
-
-// twirpError reports in the shape a twirp client expects, so the toolkit surfaces the message
-// instead of a parse error.
-func (h *Handler) twirpError(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, code string, err error) {
-	h.logger.Debugf("%s %s: %v", r.Method, r.URL.Path, err)
-	status := http.StatusBadRequest
-	if code == twirpInternal {
-		status = http.StatusInternalServerError
-	}
-	h.responseJSON(w, r, status, map[string]any{"code": code, "msg": err.Error()})
-}
-
-// The twirp request bodies. The toolkit's client serialises with useProtoFieldName, so the proto
-// names are what arrive; the camelCase spellings of the same mapping are accepted too, as are
-// int64s sent as a bare number rather than the string the mapping prescribes.
-type (
-	v2CreateRequest struct {
-		Key     string `json:"key"`
-		Version string `json:"version"`
-	}
-
-	v2FinalizeRequest struct {
-		Key            string      `json:"key"`
-		Version        string      `json:"version"`
-		SizeBytes      json.Number `json:"size_bytes"`
-		SizeBytesCamel json.Number `json:"sizeBytes"`
-	}
-
-	v2DownloadRequest struct {
-		Key              string   `json:"key"`
-		Version          string   `json:"version"`
-		RestoreKeys      []string `json:"restore_keys"`
-		RestoreKeysCamel []string `json:"restoreKeys"`
-	}
-)
-
-func (d v2DownloadRequest) keys() []string {
-	restoreKeys := d.RestoreKeys
-	if len(restoreKeys) == 0 {
-		restoreKeys = d.RestoreKeysCamel
-	}
-	return append([]string{d.Key}, restoreKeys...)
-}
-
-func decodeTwirpRequest[T any](r *http.Request) (T, error) {
-	var req T
-	err := json.NewDecoder(io.LimitReader(r.Body, 1<<20)).Decode(&req)
-	return req, err
-}
--- a/act/artifactcache/handler_v2_test.go
+++ b/act/artifactcache/handler_v2_test.go
@@ -1,236 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package artifactcache
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/base64"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strconv"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-)
-
-// v2Call posts a twirp request to the cache service and returns the decoded response.
-// Field names are the proto ones, which is what the toolkit's client sends.
-func v2Call(t *testing.T, handler *Handler, client *http.Client, method string, request any) map[string]any {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	body, err := json.Marshal(request)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	resp, err := client.Post(handler.ExternalURL()+cacheServiceV2Path+"/"+method, "application/json", bytes.NewReader(body))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-	require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
-
-	got := map[string]any{}
-	require.NoError(t, json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&got))
-	return got
-}
-
-// putBlob uploads to a signed URL and returns the status, so a test can assert a refusal.
-func putBlob(t *testing.T, url string, content []byte) int {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodPut, url, bytes.NewReader(content))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-	return resp.StatusCode
-}
-
-func getURL(t *testing.T, url string) []byte {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, url, nil)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	return body
-}
-
-func startTestHandler(t *testing.T) *Handler {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	handler, err := StartHandler(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "artifactcache"), "127.0.0.1", 0, "", nil)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = handler.Close() })
-	handler.RegisterJob(testToken, testRepo)
-	return handler
-}
-
-// saveV2 runs the reserve/upload/finalize sequence and returns the finalize response along
-// with the upload URL it used.
-func saveV2(t *testing.T, handler *Handler, key, version string, content []byte) (finalized map[string]any, uploadURL string) {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	created := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "CreateCacheEntry", map[string]any{"key": key, "version": version})
-	require.Equal(t, true, created["ok"])
-	uploadURL, _ = created["signedUploadUrl"].(string)
-	require.NotEmpty(t, uploadURL)
-	require.Equal(t, http.StatusCreated, putBlob(t, uploadURL, content))
-
-	return v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "FinalizeCacheEntryUpload", map[string]any{
-		"key": key, "version": version,
-		"size_bytes": strconv.Itoa(len(content)),
-	}), uploadURL
-}
-
-// The whole round trip an actions/cache v2 client makes, plus the guarantees on the signed
-// URLs it is handed: unsigned requests are refused, an upload URL cannot be replayed to read
-// or to replace a finalized entry.
-func TestCacheServiceV2RoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
-	handler := startTestHandler(t)
-	content := []byte("the cached archive")
-
-	unsigned := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s/1", handler.ExternalURL(), blobPath)
-	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusUnauthorized, putBlob(t, unsigned, content))
-
-	finalized, uploadURL := saveV2(t, handler, "deps-v1", "abc123", content)
-	require.Equal(t, true, finalized["ok"])
-	assert.NotEmpty(t, finalized["entryId"])
-
-	// The upload URL outlives the finalize call, so replaying it must not poison the entry,
-	// and it is an upload URL only: nothing reads a blob back through it.
-	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, putBlob(t, uploadURL, []byte("poisoned")))
-	resp, err := http.Get(uploadURL) //nolint:noctx // the URL is the server under test
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, resp.StatusCode)
-
-	got := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "GetCacheEntryDownloadURL", map[string]any{"key": "deps-v1", "version": "abc123"})
-	require.Equal(t, true, got["ok"])
-	assert.Equal(t, "deps-v1", got["matchedKey"])
-	downloadURL, _ := got["signedDownloadUrl"].(string)
-	require.NotEmpty(t, downloadURL)
-	assert.Equal(t, content, getURL(t, downloadURL))
-}
-
-// A large archive is staged as blocks and only put in order by the final block list, so
-// blocks that arrive out of order must still be assembled the way the client asked.
-func TestCacheServiceV2BlockUpload(t *testing.T) {
-	handler := startTestHandler(t)
-
-	created := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "CreateCacheEntry", map[string]any{"key": "blocks", "version": "v1"})
-	uploadURL, _ := created["signedUploadUrl"].(string)
-	require.NotEmpty(t, uploadURL)
-
-	blocks := map[string][]byte{}
-	var order []string
-	for i, part := range []string{"hello ", "world", "!"} {
-		blockID := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(fmt.Appendf(nil, "block-%d", i))
-		blocks[blockID] = []byte(part)
-		order = append(order, blockID)
-	}
-	// Upload in an order that is not the block list order.
-	for _, blockID := range []string{order[2], order[0], order[1]} {
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusCreated, putBlob(t, uploadURL+"&comp=block&blockid="+blockID, blocks[blockID]))
-	}
-
-	var list bytes.Buffer
-	list.WriteString(`<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><BlockList>`)
-	for _, blockID := range order {
-		fmt.Fprintf(&list, "<Latest>%s</Latest>", blockID)
-	}
-	list.WriteString(`</BlockList>`)
-	require.Equal(t, http.StatusCreated, putBlob(t, uploadURL+"&comp=blocklist", list.Bytes()))
-
-	finalized := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "FinalizeCacheEntryUpload", map[string]any{
-		"key": "blocks", "version": "v1", "size_bytes": len("hello world!"),
-	})
-	require.Equal(t, true, finalized["ok"])
-
-	got := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "GetCacheEntryDownloadURL", map[string]any{"key": "blocks", "version": "v1"})
-	require.Equal(t, true, got["ok"])
-	assert.Equal(t, "hello world!", string(getURL(t, got["signedDownloadUrl"].(string))))
-}
-
-func TestCacheServiceV2Lookups(t *testing.T) {
-	handler := startTestHandler(t)
-	saved, _ := saveV2(t, handler, "deps-abc", "v1", []byte("x"))
-	require.Equal(t, true, saved["ok"])
-
-	t.Run("reports a miss for an unknown key", func(t *testing.T) {
-		got := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "GetCacheEntryDownloadURL", map[string]any{"key": "nothing", "version": "v1"})
-		assert.Equal(t, false, got["ok"])
-	})
-
-	// The toolkit serialises with the proto field names; the camelCase spellings of the same
-	// proto JSON mapping are accepted alongside them.
-	for _, field := range []string{"restore_keys", "restoreKeys"} {
-		t.Run("restore keys match by prefix, spelled "+field, func(t *testing.T) {
-			got := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "GetCacheEntryDownloadURL", map[string]any{
-				"key": "deps-zzz", field: []string{"deps-"}, "version": "v1",
-			})
-			require.Equal(t, true, got["ok"])
-			assert.Equal(t, "deps-abc", got["matchedKey"])
-		})
-	}
-
-	t.Run("an existing entry is not reserved twice", func(t *testing.T) {
-		again := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "CreateCacheEntry", map[string]any{"key": "deps-abc", "version": "v1"})
-		assert.Equal(t, false, again["ok"])
-	})
-
-	// A key that is only a prefix of an existing one is a different entry, so the
-	// reservation check must be exact and not a restore-key prefix match, or the shorter
-	// key would be reported as existing and silently never saved.
-	t.Run("a prefix of an existing key is still reserved", func(t *testing.T) {
-		reserved := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "CreateCacheEntry", map[string]any{"key": "deps", "version": "v1"})
-		require.Equal(t, true, reserved["ok"])
-		assert.NotEmpty(t, reserved["signedUploadUrl"])
-	})
-
-	t.Run("finalizing without a reservation is not ok", func(t *testing.T) {
-		got := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "FinalizeCacheEntryUpload", map[string]any{
-			"key": "never-reserved", "version": "v1", "size_bytes": 1,
-		})
-		assert.Equal(t, false, got["ok"])
-	})
-
-	// The size the client declares is what Commit validates the assembled archive against.
-	t.Run("finalizing with the wrong size is not ok", func(t *testing.T) {
-		created := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "CreateCacheEntry", map[string]any{"key": "wrong-size", "version": "v1"})
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusCreated, putBlob(t, created["signedUploadUrl"].(string), []byte("four")))
-
-		got := v2Call(t, handler, testClient, "FinalizeCacheEntryUpload", map[string]any{
-			"key": "wrong-size", "version": "v1", "size_bytes": 99,
-		})
-		assert.Equal(t, false, got["ok"])
-	})
-
-	// Both API versions are served from one store, so an entry written through v2 is a hit for
-	// a v1 client asking for the same key and version.
-	t.Run("a v1 client sees an entry written through v2", func(t *testing.T) {
-		resp, err := testClient.Get(fmt.Sprintf("%s%s/cache?keys=deps-abc&version=v1", handler.ExternalURL(), apiPath))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		defer resp.Body.Close()
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
-
-		got := map[string]any{}
-		require.NoError(t, json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&got))
-		assert.Equal(t, "deps-abc", got["cacheKey"])
-		assert.NotEmpty(t, got["archiveLocation"])
-	})
-
-	// The cache of one repository must stay invisible to another, as it does for the v1 API.
-	t.Run("another repository sees nothing", func(t *testing.T) {
-		handler.RegisterJob("other-runtime-token", "other/repo")
-		otherClient := &http.Client{Transport: &bearerTransport{token: "other-runtime-token"}}
-
-		got := v2Call(t, handler, otherClient, "GetCacheEntryDownloadURL", map[string]any{"key": "deps-abc", "version": "v1"})
-		assert.Equal(t, false, got["ok"])
-	})
-}
--- a/act/artifactcache/storage.go
+++ b/act/artifactcache/storage.go
@@ -5,15 +5,12 @@
 package artifactcache

 import (
-	"crypto/sha256"
-	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 )

 type Storage struct {
@@ -40,10 +37,7 @@ func (s *Storage) Exist(id uint64) (bool, error) {
 }

 func (s *Storage) Write(id uint64, offset int64, reader io.Reader) error {
-	return s.writeFile(s.tempName(id, offset), reader)
-}
-
-func (s *Storage) writeFile(name string, reader io.Reader) error {
+	name := s.tempName(id, offset)
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(name), 0o755); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -57,26 +51,6 @@ func (s *Storage) writeFile(name string, reader io.Reader) error {
 	return err
 }

-func (s *Storage) WriteBlock(id uint64, blockID string, reader io.Reader) error {
-	return s.writeFile(s.blockName(id, blockID), reader)
-}
-
-// OrderBlocks renames the staged blocks into the order the block list gives. A block the list
-// does not name keeps its staged name, which is how Commit leaves it out, as Azure drops it. One
-// rename pass is safe because a staged name always carries blockFilePrefix and a target name
-// never does, so no rename can collide with a block not yet moved.
-func (s *Storage) OrderBlocks(id uint64, blockIDs []string) error {
-	for i, blockID := range blockIDs {
-		if err := os.Rename(s.blockName(id, blockID), s.tempName(id, int64(i))); err != nil {
-			if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-				return fmt.Errorf("block %q of cache %d was never uploaded: %w", blockID, id, err)
-			}
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 func (s *Storage) Commit(id uint64, size int64) (int64, error) {
 	defer func() {
 		_ = os.RemoveAll(s.tempDir(id))
@@ -91,31 +65,6 @@ func (s *Storage) Commit(id uint64, size int64) (int64, error) {
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(name), 0o755); err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
-	written, err := assemble(name, tempNames)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	// If size is less than 0, it means the size is unknown.
-	// We can't check the size of the file, just skip the check.
-	// It happens when the request comes from old versions of actions, like `actions/cache@v2`.
-	if size >= 0 && written != size {
-		_ = os.Remove(name)
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("broken file: %v != %v", written, size)
-	}
-	return written, nil
-}
-
-// assemble concatenates the uploaded parts into name. A single part, which is what the v2 API
-// produces below the client's block threshold, is already the whole archive and is moved.
-func assemble(name string, tempNames []string) (int64, error) {
-	if len(tempNames) == 1 {
-		info, err := os.Stat(tempNames[0])
-		if err != nil {
-			return 0, err
-		}
-		return info.Size(), os.Rename(tempNames[0], name)
-	}
-
 	file, err := os.Create(name)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
@@ -135,6 +84,16 @@ func assemble(name string, tempNames []string) (int64, error) {
 		}
 		written += n
 	}
+
+	// If size is less than 0, it means the size is unknown.
+	// We can't check the size of the file, just skip the check.
+	// It happens when the request comes from old versions of actions, like `actions/cache@v2`.
+	if size >= 0 && written != size {
+		_ = file.Close()
+		_ = os.Remove(name)
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("broken file: %v != %v", written, size)
+	}
+
 	return written, nil
 }

@@ -160,17 +119,6 @@ func (s *Storage) tempName(id uint64, offset int64) string {
 	return filepath.Join(s.tempDir(id), fmt.Sprintf("%016x", offset))
 }

-// blockFilePrefix marks a staged, not yet ordered block, so that tempNames can keep it out of
-// Commit's name-ordered concatenation.
-const blockFilePrefix = "block-"
-
-func (s *Storage) blockName(id uint64, blockID string) string {
-	// The block id is client-chosen (base64), so it is hashed rather than trusted as a
-	// path element.
-	sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(blockID))
-	return filepath.Join(s.tempDir(id), blockFilePrefix+hex.EncodeToString(sum[:]))
-}
-
 func (s *Storage) tempNames(id uint64) ([]string, error) {
 	dir := s.tempDir(id)
 	files, err := os.ReadDir(dir)
@@ -179,7 +127,7 @@ func (s *Storage) tempNames(id uint64) ([]string, error) {
 	}
 	var names []string
 	for _, v := range files {
-		if !v.IsDir() && !strings.HasPrefix(v.Name(), blockFilePrefix) {
+		if !v.IsDir() {
 			names = append(names, filepath.Join(dir, v.Name()))
 		}
 	}
--- a/act/artifacts/server_test.go
+++ b/act/artifacts/server_test.go
@@ -5,25 +5,24 @@
 package artifacts

 import (
-	"bytes"
-	"compress/gzip"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"maps"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
-	"net/url"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"testing/fstest"
-	"time"
+
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/runner"

 	"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )

 type writableMapFile struct {
@@ -235,133 +234,89 @@ func TestDownloadArtifactFile(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal("content", string(data))
 }

-// TestArtifactFlow drives the real Serve() artifact server over a loopback socket, exercising
-// the same upload -> finalize -> list -> download protocol the upload-artifact/download-artifact
-// actions speak. Running it in-process (rather than from a job container) keeps it network-free
-// and reachable everywhere, including when the CI job is itself a container.
+type TestJobFileInfo struct {
+	workdir               string
+	workflowPath          string
+	eventName             string
+	errorMessage          string
+	platforms             map[string]string
+	containerArchitecture string
+}
+
+var (
+	artifactsPath = path.Join(os.TempDir(), "test-artifacts")
+	artifactsAddr = "127.0.0.1"
+	artifactsPort = "12345"
+)
+
 func TestArtifactFlow(t *testing.T) {
-	artifactPath := t.TempDir()
-
-	// Serve the exact routes Serve() wires up, on a real loopback socket via httptest. httptest
-	// picks a free port and Close() tears the server down synchronously — avoiding both the
-	// port-rebind race and Serve()'s detached ListenAndServe goroutine, which logger.Fatal()s
-	// (process exit) on a bind error and can outlive the test's temp-dir cleanup.
-	router := httprouter.New()
-	fsys := readWriteFSImpl{}
-	uploads(router, artifactPath, fsys)
-	downloads(router, artifactPath, fsys)
-	server := httptest.NewServer(router)
-	defer server.Close()
-
-	baseURL := server.URL
-	client := server.Client()
-	client.Timeout = 5 * time.Second
-
-	// request performs one HTTP call and returns the status and body. The default transport adds
-	// Accept-Encoding: gzip and transparently decompresses, so gzipped downloads come back plain.
-	request := func(t *testing.T, method, rawURL string, body io.Reader, header http.Header) (int, []byte) {
-		t.Helper()
-		req, err := http.NewRequest(method, rawURL, body)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		maps.Copy(req.Header, header)
-		resp, err := client.Do(req)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		defer resp.Body.Close()
-		data, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		return resp.StatusCode, data
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
 	}

-	t.Run("upload-and-download", func(t *testing.T) {
-		const runID, item, content = "1", "my-artifact/data.txt", "hello artifact\n"
+	ctx := context.Background()

-		status, data := request(t, http.MethodPost, baseURL+"/_apis/pipelines/workflows/"+runID+"/artifacts", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var prep FileContainerResourceURL
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &prep))
-		require.Equal(t, baseURL+"/upload/"+runID, prep.FileContainerResourceURL)
+	cancel := Serve(ctx, artifactsPath, artifactsAddr, artifactsPort)
+	defer cancel()

-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodPut, prep.FileContainerResourceURL+"?itemPath="+url.QueryEscape(item), strings.NewReader(content), nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var msg ResponseMessage
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &msg))
-		require.Equal(t, "success", msg.Message)
+	platforms := map[string]string{
+		"ubuntu-latest": "node:24-bookworm", // Don't use node:24-bookworm-slim because it doesn't have curl command, which is used in the tests
+	}

-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodPatch, baseURL+"/_apis/pipelines/workflows/"+runID+"/artifacts", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
+	tables := []TestJobFileInfo{
+		{"testdata", "upload-and-download", "push", "", platforms, ""},
+		{"testdata", "GHSL-2023-004", "push", "", platforms, ""},
+	}
+	log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)

-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, baseURL+"/_apis/pipelines/workflows/"+runID+"/artifacts", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var list NamedFileContainerResourceURLResponse
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &list))
-		require.Equal(t, 1, list.Count)
-		require.Equal(t, "my-artifact", list.Value[0].Name)
+	for _, table := range tables {
+		runTestJobFile(ctx, t, table)
+	}
+}

-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, list.Value[0].FileContainerResourceURL+"?itemPath=my-artifact", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var items ContainerItemResponse
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &items))
-		require.Len(t, items.Value, 1)
-		require.Equal(t, "file", items.Value[0].ItemType)
-		require.Equal(t, "my-artifact/data.txt", items.Value[0].Path)
+func runTestJobFile(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, tjfi TestJobFileInfo) {
+	t.Run(tjfi.workflowPath, func(t *testing.T) {
+		fmt.Printf("::group::%s\n", tjfi.workflowPath) //nolint:forbidigo // pre-existing issue from nektos/act

-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, items.Value[0].ContentLocation, nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(data))
+		if err := os.RemoveAll(artifactsPath); err != nil {
+			panic(err)
+		}

-		stored, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(artifactPath, runID, "my-artifact", "data.txt"))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(stored))
-	})
+		workdir, err := filepath.Abs(tjfi.workdir)
+		assert.NoError(t, err, workdir) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+		fullWorkflowPath := filepath.Join(workdir, tjfi.workflowPath)
+		runnerConfig := &runner.Config{
+			Workdir:               workdir,
+			BindWorkdir:           false,
+			EventName:             tjfi.eventName,
+			Platforms:             tjfi.platforms,
+			ReuseContainers:       false,
+			ContainerArchitecture: tjfi.containerArchitecture,
+			GitHubInstance:        "github.com",
+			ArtifactServerPath:    artifactsPath,
+			ArtifactServerAddr:    artifactsAddr,
+			ArtifactServerPort:    artifactsPort,
+		}

-	t.Run("gzip-roundtrip", func(t *testing.T) {
-		const runID, item, content = "2", "logs/app.log", "compressed payload\n"
+		runner, err := runner.New(runnerConfig)
+		assert.NoError(t, err, tjfi.workflowPath) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act

-		var buf bytes.Buffer
-		gz := gzip.NewWriter(&buf)
-		_, err := gz.Write([]byte(content))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NoError(t, gz.Close())
+		planner, err := model.NewWorkflowPlanner(fullWorkflowPath, true)
+		assert.NoError(t, err, fullWorkflowPath) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act

-		status, data := request(t, http.MethodPut, baseURL+"/upload/"+runID+"?itemPath="+url.QueryEscape(item),
-			&buf, http.Header{"Content-Encoding": []string{"gzip"}})
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
+		plan, err := planner.PlanEvent(tjfi.eventName)
+		if err == nil {
+			err = runner.NewPlanExecutor(plan)(ctx)
+			if tjfi.errorMessage == "" {
+				assert.NoError(t, err, fullWorkflowPath) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			} else {
+				assert.Error(t, err, tjfi.errorMessage) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			}
+		} else {
+			assert.Nil(t, plan)
+		}

-		// stored compressed, with the server's gzip marker suffix
-		_, err = os.Stat(filepath.Join(artifactPath, runID, "logs", "app.log.gz__"))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, baseURL+"/download/"+runID+"?itemPath=logs", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var items ContainerItemResponse
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &items))
-		require.Len(t, items.Value, 1)
-		require.Equal(t, "logs/app.log", items.Value[0].Path)
-
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, items.Value[0].ContentLocation, nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(data))
-	})
-
-	// GHSL-2023-004: an itemPath that climbs out of the run directory must be neutralised so the
-	// blob cannot be written outside the artifact root.
-	t.Run("GHSL-2023-004", func(t *testing.T) {
-		const runID, content = "3", "contained\n"
-
-		status, data := request(t, http.MethodPut, baseURL+"/upload/"+runID+"?itemPath="+url.QueryEscape("../../escape.txt"),
-			strings.NewReader(content), nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-
-		stored, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(artifactPath, runID, "escape.txt"))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(stored))
-
-		_, err = os.Stat(filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(artifactPath), "escape.txt"))
-		require.True(t, os.IsNotExist(err), "upload escaped the artifact root")
-
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, baseURL+"/artifact/"+runID+"/escape.txt", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(data))
+		fmt.Println("::endgroup::") //nolint:forbidigo // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 	})
 }

@@ -390,43 +345,6 @@ func TestMkdirFsImplSafeResolve(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestReadWriteFSWritableAndAppendable(t *testing.T) {
-	fsys := readWriteFSImpl{}
-	name := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "nested", "artifact.txt")
-
-	w, err := fsys.OpenWritable(name)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	_, err = w.Write([]byte("first"))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NoError(t, w.Close())
-
-	w, err = fsys.OpenAppendable(name)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	_, err = w.Write([]byte("-second"))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NoError(t, w.Close())
-
-	got, err := os.ReadFile(name)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, "first-second", string(got))
-
-	w, err = fsys.OpenWritable(name)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	_, err = w.Write([]byte("replaced"))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NoError(t, w.Close())
-
-	got, err = os.ReadFile(name)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, "replaced", string(got))
-}
-
-func TestServeEmptyArtifactPathReturnsCancelableNoop(t *testing.T) {
-	cancel := Serve(t.Context(), "", "127.0.0.1", "0")
-	require.NotNil(t, cancel)
-	cancel()
-}
-
 func TestDownloadArtifactFileUnsafePath(t *testing.T) {
 	assert := assert.New(t)

--- a/act/artifacts/testdata/GHSL-2023-004/artifacts.yml
+++ b/act/artifacts/testdata/GHSL-2023-004/artifacts.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+
+name: "GHSL-2023-0004"
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test-artifacts:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo "hello world" > test.txt
+      - name: curl upload
+        run: curl --silent --show-error --fail ${ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL}upload/1?itemPath=../../my-artifact/secret.txt --upload-file test.txt
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: my-artifact
+          path: test-artifacts
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #1'
+        run: |
+          file="test-artifacts/secret.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file)" != "hello world" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      - name: Verify download should work by clean extra dots
+        run: curl --silent --show-error --fail --path-as-is -o out.txt ${ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL}artifact/1/../../../1/my-artifact/secret.txt
+      - name: 'Verify download content'
+        run: |
+          file="out.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file)" != "hello world" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
--- a/act/artifacts/testdata/upload-and-download/artifacts.yml
+++ b/act/artifacts/testdata/upload-and-download/artifacts.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+
+name: "Test that artifact uploads and downloads succeed"
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test-artifacts:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: mkdir -p path/to/artifact
+      - run: echo hello > path/to/artifact/world.txt
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: my-artifact
+          path: path/to/artifact/world.txt
+
+      - run: rm -rf path
+
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: my-artifact
+      - name: Display structure of downloaded files
+        run: ls -la
+
+      # Test end-to-end by uploading two artifacts and then downloading them
+      - name: Create artifact files
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-1
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-2
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-3
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-5
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-6
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-7
+          echo "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet" > path/to/dir-1/file1.txt
+          echo "Hello world from file #2" > path/to/dir-2/file2.txt
+          echo "This is a going to be a test for a large enough file that should get compressed with GZip. The @actions/artifact package uses GZip to upload files. This text should have a compression ratio greater than 100% so it should get uploaded using GZip" > path/to/dir-3/gzip.txt
+          dd if=/dev/random of=path/to/dir-5/file5.rnd bs=1024 count=1024
+          dd if=/dev/random of=path/to/dir-6/file6.rnd bs=1024 count=$((10*1024))
+          dd if=/dev/random of=path/to/dir-7/file7.rnd bs=1024 count=$((10*1024))
+
+      # Upload a single file artifact
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #1'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Artifact-A'
+          path: path/to/dir-1/file1.txt
+      
+      # Upload using a wildcard pattern, name should default to 'artifact' if not provided
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #2'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          path: path/**/dir*/
+      
+      # Upload a directory that contains a file that will be uploaded with GZip
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #3'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'GZip-Artifact'
+          path: path/to/dir-3/
+      
+      # Upload a directory that contains a file that will be uploaded with GZip
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #4'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Multi-Path-Artifact'
+          path: |
+            path/to/dir-1/*
+            path/to/dir-[23]/*
+            !path/to/dir-3/*.txt
+      
+      # Upload a mid-size file artifact
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #5'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Mid-Size-Artifact'
+          path: path/to/dir-5/file5.rnd
+      
+      # Upload a big file artifact
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #6'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Artifact'
+          path: path/to/dir-6/file6.rnd
+
+      # Upload a big file artifact twice
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #7 (First)'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Uploaded-Twice'
+          path: path/to/dir-7/file7.rnd
+
+      # Upload a big file artifact twice
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #7 (Second)'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Uploaded-Twice'
+          path: path/to/dir-7/file7.rnd
+
+      # Verify artifacts. Switch to download-artifact@v2 once it's out of preview
+      
+      # Download Artifact #1 and verify the correctness of the content
+      - name: 'Download artifact #1'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Artifact-A'
+          path: some/new/path
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #1'
+        run: |
+          file="some/new/path/file1.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file)" != "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      # Download Artifact #2 and verify the correctness of the content
+      - name: 'Download artifact #2'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'artifact'
+          path: some/other/path
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #2'
+        run: |
+          file1="some/other/path/to/dir-1/file1.txt"
+          file2="some/other/path/to/dir-2/file2.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file1 -o ! -f $file2 ] ; then
+            echo "Expected files do not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file1)" != "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet" -o "$(cat $file2)" != "Hello world from file #2" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifacts are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      # Download Artifact #3 and verify the correctness of the content
+      - name: 'Download artifact #3'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'GZip-Artifact'
+          path: gzip/artifact/path
+      
+      # Because a directory was used as input during the upload the parent directories, path/to/dir-3/, should not be included in the uploaded artifact
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #3'
+        run: |
+          gzipFile="gzip/artifact/path/gzip.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $gzipFile ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file do not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $gzipFile)" != "This is a going to be a test for a large enough file that should get compressed with GZip. The @actions/artifact package uses GZip to upload files. This text should have a compression ratio greater than 100% so it should get uploaded using GZip" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact is incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      - name: 'Download artifact #4'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Multi-Path-Artifact'
+          path: multi/artifact
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #4'
+        run: |
+          file1="multi/artifact/dir-1/file1.txt"
+          file2="multi/artifact/dir-2/file2.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file1 -o ! -f $file2 ] ; then
+            echo "Expected files do not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file1)" != "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet" -o "$(cat $file2)" != "Hello world from file #2" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifacts are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      - name: 'Download artifact #5'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Mid-Size-Artifact'
+          path: mid-size/artifact/path
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #5'
+        run: |
+          file="mid-size/artifact/path/file5.rnd"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if ! diff $file path/to/dir-5/file5.rnd ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      - name: 'Download artifact #6'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Artifact'
+          path: big/artifact/path
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #6'
+        run: |
+          file="big/artifact/path/file6.rnd"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if ! diff $file path/to/dir-6/file6.rnd ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: 'Download artifact #7'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Uploaded-Twice'
+          path: big-uploaded-twice/artifact/path
+
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #7'
+        run: |
+          file="big-uploaded-twice/artifact/path/file7.rnd"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if ! diff $file path/to/dir-7/file7.rnd ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
--- a/act/common/cartesian.go
+++ b/act/common/cartesian.go
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2020 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package common
+
+import "slices"
+
+// CartesianProduct takes map of lists and returns list of unique tuples
+func CartesianProduct(mapOfLists map[string][]any) []map[string]any {
+	listNames := make([]string, 0)
+	lists := make([][]any, 0)
+	for k, v := range mapOfLists {
+		listNames = append(listNames, k)
+		lists = append(lists, v)
+	}
+
+	listCart := cartN(lists...)
+
+	rtn := make([]map[string]any, 0)
+	for _, list := range listCart {
+		vMap := make(map[string]any)
+		for i, v := range list {
+			vMap[listNames[i]] = v
+		}
+		rtn = append(rtn, vMap)
+	}
+	return rtn
+}
+
+func cartN(a ...[]any) [][]any {
+	c := 1
+	for _, a := range a {
+		c *= len(a)
+	}
+	if c == 0 || len(a) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	p := make([][]any, c)
+	b := make([]any, c*len(a))
+	n := make([]int, len(a))
+	s := 0
+	for i := range p {
+		e := s + len(a)
+		pi := b[s:e]
+		p[i] = pi
+		s = e
+		for j, n := range n {
+			pi[j] = a[j][n]
+		}
+		for j := range slices.Backward(n) {
+			n[j]++
+			if n[j] < len(a[j]) {
+				break
+			}
+			n[j] = 0
+		}
+	}
+	return p
+}
--- a/act/common/cartesian_test.go
+++ b/act/common/cartesian_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2020 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package common
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestCartesianProduct(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)
+	input := map[string][]any{
+		"foo": {1, 2, 3, 4},
+		"bar": {"a", "b", "c"},
+		"baz": {false, true},
+	}
+
+	output := CartesianProduct(input)
+	assert.Len(output, 24)
+
+	for _, v := range output {
+		assert.Len(v, 3)
+
+		assert.Contains(v, "foo")
+		assert.Contains(v, "bar")
+		assert.Contains(v, "baz")
+	}
+
+	input = map[string][]any{
+		"foo": {1, 2, 3, 4},
+		"bar": {},
+		"baz": {false, true},
+	}
+	output = CartesianProduct(input)
+	assert.Empty(output)
+
+	input = map[string][]any{}
+	output = CartesianProduct(input)
+	assert.Empty(output)
+}
--- a/act/common/context_helpers_test.go
+++ b/act/common/context_helpers_test.go
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package common
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-)
-
-func TestDryrunContext(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	if Dryrun(ctx) {
-		t.Fatal("plain context should not be dryrun")
-	}
-	if !Dryrun(WithDryrun(ctx, true)) {
-		t.Fatal("WithDryrun(true) should set dryrun")
-	}
-	if Dryrun(WithDryrun(ctx, false)) {
-		t.Fatal("WithDryrun(false) should clear dryrun")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestJobErrorContainer(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	err := errors.New("job failed")
-
-	SetJobError(ctx, err)
-	if got := JobError(ctx); got != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("JobError without container = %v, want nil", got)
-	}
-
-	ctx = WithJobErrorContainer(ctx)
-	SetJobError(ctx, err)
-	if got := JobError(ctx); !errors.Is(got, err) {
-		t.Fatalf("JobError = %v, want %v", got, err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLoggerAndHookContext(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	if Logger(ctx) != logrus.StandardLogger() {
-		t.Fatal("plain context should use standard logger")
-	}
-	if LoggerHook(ctx) != nil {
-		t.Fatal("plain context should not have a logger hook")
-	}
-
-	logger := logrus.New()
-	ctx = WithLogger(ctx, logger)
-	if Logger(ctx) != logger {
-		t.Fatal("WithLogger should set logger")
-	}
-
-	hook := testHook{}
-	ctx = WithLoggerHook(ctx, hook)
-	if LoggerHook(ctx) != hook {
-		t.Fatal("WithLoggerHook should set hook")
-	}
-}
-
-type testHook struct{}
-
-func (testHook) Levels() []logrus.Level {
-	return logrus.AllLevels
-}
-
-func (testHook) Fire(*logrus.Entry) error {
-	return nil
-}
--- a/act/common/executor_max_parallel_test.go
+++ b/act/common/executor_max_parallel_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package common
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+// Simple fast test that verifies max-parallel: 2 limits concurrency
+func TestMaxParallel2Quick(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	var currentRunning atomic.Int32
+	var maxSimultaneous atomic.Int32
+
+	executors := make([]Executor, 4)
+	for i := range 4 {
+		executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			current := currentRunning.Add(1)
+
+			// Update max if needed
+			for {
+				maxValue := maxSimultaneous.Load()
+				if current <= maxValue || maxSimultaneous.CompareAndSwap(maxValue, current) {
+					break
+				}
+			}
+
+			time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+			currentRunning.Add(-1)
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	err := NewParallelExecutor(2, executors...)(ctx)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.LessOrEqual(t, maxSimultaneous.Load(), int32(2),
+		"Should not exceed max-parallel: 2")
+}
+
+// Test that verifies max-parallel: 1 enforces sequential execution
+func TestMaxParallel1Sequential(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	var currentRunning atomic.Int32
+	var maxSimultaneous atomic.Int32
+	var executionOrder []int
+	var orderMutex sync.Mutex
+
+	executors := make([]Executor, 5)
+	for i := range 5 {
+		taskID := i
+		executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			current := currentRunning.Add(1)
+
+			// Track execution order
+			orderMutex.Lock()
+			executionOrder = append(executionOrder, taskID)
+			orderMutex.Unlock()
+
+			// Update max if needed
+			for {
+				maxValue := maxSimultaneous.Load()
+				if current <= maxValue || maxSimultaneous.CompareAndSwap(maxValue, current) {
+					break
+				}
+			}
+
+			time.Sleep(20 * time.Millisecond)
+			currentRunning.Add(-1)
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	err := NewParallelExecutor(1, executors...)(ctx)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, int32(1), maxSimultaneous.Load(),
+		"max-parallel: 1 should only run 1 task at a time")
+	assert.Len(t, executionOrder, 5, "All 5 tasks should have executed")
+}
--- a/act/common/executor_parallel_advanced_test.go
+++ b/act/common/executor_parallel_advanced_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package common
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+// TestMaxParallelJobExecution tests actual job execution with max-parallel
+func TestMaxParallelJobExecution(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("MaxParallel=1 Sequential", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var currentRunning atomic.Int32
+		var maxConcurrent int32
+		var executionOrder []int
+		var mu sync.Mutex
+
+		executors := make([]Executor, 5)
+		for i := range 5 {
+			taskID := i
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				current := currentRunning.Add(1)
+
+				// Track max concurrent
+				for {
+					maxValue := atomic.LoadInt32(&maxConcurrent)
+					if current <= maxValue || atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&maxConcurrent, maxValue, current) {
+						break
+					}
+				}
+
+				mu.Lock()
+				executionOrder = append(executionOrder, taskID)
+				mu.Unlock()
+
+				time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+				currentRunning.Add(-1)
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		err := NewParallelExecutor(1, executors...)(ctx)
+		assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		assert.Equal(t, int32(1), maxConcurrent, "Should never exceed 1 concurrent execution")
+		assert.Len(t, executionOrder, 5, "All tasks should execute")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("MaxParallel=3 Limited", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var currentRunning atomic.Int32
+		var maxConcurrent int32
+
+		executors := make([]Executor, 10)
+		for i := range 10 {
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				current := currentRunning.Add(1)
+
+				for {
+					maxValue := atomic.LoadInt32(&maxConcurrent)
+					if current <= maxValue || atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&maxConcurrent, maxValue, current) {
+						break
+					}
+				}
+
+				time.Sleep(20 * time.Millisecond)
+				currentRunning.Add(-1)
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		err := NewParallelExecutor(3, executors...)(ctx)
+		assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		assert.LessOrEqual(t, int(maxConcurrent), 3, "Should never exceed 3 concurrent executions")
+		assert.GreaterOrEqual(t, int(maxConcurrent), 1, "Should have at least 1 concurrent execution")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("MaxParallel=0 Uses1Worker", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var maxConcurrent int32
+		var currentRunning atomic.Int32
+
+		executors := make([]Executor, 5)
+		for i := range 5 {
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				current := currentRunning.Add(1)
+
+				for {
+					maxValue := atomic.LoadInt32(&maxConcurrent)
+					if current <= maxValue || atomic.CompareAndSwapInt32(&maxConcurrent, maxValue, current) {
+						break
+					}
+				}
+
+				time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+				currentRunning.Add(-1)
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		// When maxParallel is 0 or negative, it defaults to 1
+		err := NewParallelExecutor(0, executors...)(ctx)
+		assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		assert.Equal(t, int32(1), maxConcurrent, "Should use 1 worker when max-parallel is 0")
+	})
+}
+
+// TestMaxParallelWithErrors tests error handling with max-parallel
+func TestMaxParallelWithErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("OneTaskFailsOthersContinue", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var successCount int32
+
+		executors := make([]Executor, 5)
+		for i := range 5 {
+			taskID := i
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				if taskID == 2 {
+					return assert.AnError
+				}
+				atomic.AddInt32(&successCount, 1)
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		err := NewParallelExecutor(2, executors...)(ctx)
+
+		// Should return the error from task 2
+		assert.Error(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		// Other tasks should still execute
+		assert.Equal(t, int32(4), successCount, "4 tasks should succeed")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("ContextCancellation", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+
+		var startedCount int32
+		executors := make([]Executor, 10)
+		for i := range 10 {
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				atomic.AddInt32(&startedCount, 1)
+				time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Cancel after a short delay
+		go func() {
+			time.Sleep(30 * time.Millisecond)
+			cancel()
+		}()
+
+		err := NewParallelExecutor(3, executors...)(ctx)
+		assert.Error(t, err)                     //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+		assert.ErrorIs(t, err, context.Canceled) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		// Not all tasks should start due to cancellation (but timing may vary)
+		// Just verify cancellation occurred
+		t.Logf("Started %d tasks before cancellation", startedCount)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestMaxParallelPerformance tests performance characteristics
+func TestMaxParallelPerformance(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("Skipping performance test in short mode")
+	}
+
+	t.Run("ParallelFasterThanSequential", func(t *testing.T) {
+		executors := make([]Executor, 10)
+		for i := range 10 {
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+
+		// Sequential (max-parallel=1)
+		start := time.Now()
+		err := NewParallelExecutor(1, executors...)(ctx)
+		sequentialDuration := time.Since(start)
+		assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		// Parallel (max-parallel=5)
+		start = time.Now()
+		err = NewParallelExecutor(5, executors...)(ctx)
+		parallelDuration := time.Since(start)
+		assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		// Parallel should be significantly faster
+		assert.Less(t, parallelDuration, sequentialDuration/2,
+			"Parallel execution should be at least 2x faster")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("OptimalWorkerCount", func(t *testing.T) {
+		executors := make([]Executor, 20)
+		for i := range 20 {
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+
+		// Test with different worker counts
+		workerCounts := []int{1, 2, 5, 10, 20}
+		durations := make(map[int]time.Duration)
+
+		for _, count := range workerCounts {
+			start := time.Now()
+			err := NewParallelExecutor(count, executors...)(ctx)
+			durations[count] = time.Since(start)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+		}
+
+		// More workers should generally be faster (up to a point)
+		assert.Less(t, durations[5], durations[1], "5 workers should be faster than 1")
+		assert.Less(t, durations[10], durations[2], "10 workers should be faster than 2")
+	})
+}
+
+// TestMaxParallelResourceSharing tests resource sharing scenarios
+func TestMaxParallelResourceSharing(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("SharedResourceWithMutex", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var sharedCounter int
+		var mu sync.Mutex
+
+		executors := make([]Executor, 100)
+		for i := range 100 {
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				mu.Lock()
+				sharedCounter++
+				mu.Unlock()
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		err := NewParallelExecutor(10, executors...)(ctx)
+		assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 100, sharedCounter, "All tasks should increment counter")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("ChannelCommunication", func(t *testing.T) {
+		resultChan := make(chan int, 50)
+
+		executors := make([]Executor, 50)
+		for i := range 50 {
+			taskID := i
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				resultChan <- taskID
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+		err := NewParallelExecutor(5, executors...)(ctx)
+		assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		close(resultChan)
+
+		results := make(map[int]bool)
+		for result := range resultChan {
+			results[result] = true
+		}
+
+		assert.Len(t, results, 50, "All task IDs should be received")
+	})
+}
--- a/act/common/executor_test.go
+++ b/act/common/executor_test.go
@@ -7,11 +7,9 @@ package common
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
-	"reflect"
-	"strings"
-	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"testing"
+	"time"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
@@ -82,45 +80,44 @@ func TestNewConditionalExecutor(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(1, falseCount)
 }

-// concurrencyProbe returns an executor recording the peak number of concurrent copies. Copies
-// block until wantActive are in flight so the peak is exact without sleeping, and later copies
-// find the gate already open so the last one still finishes with no partner left.
-func concurrencyProbe(wantActive int32) (exec Executor, count, maxActive *atomic.Int32) {
-	var counted, active, peak atomic.Int32
-	var once sync.Once
-	reached := make(chan struct{})
+func TestNewParallelExecutor(t *testing.T) {
+	assert := assert.New(t)

-	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		counted.Add(1)
-		running := active.Add(1)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	var count, activeCount, maxCount atomic.Int32
+	emptyWorkflow := NewPipelineExecutor(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		count.Add(1)
+
+		active := activeCount.Add(1)
 		for {
-			seen := peak.Load()
-			if running <= seen || peak.CompareAndSwap(seen, running) {
+			m := maxCount.Load()
+			if active <= m || maxCount.CompareAndSwap(m, active) {
 				break
 			}
 		}
-		if running >= wantActive {
-			once.Do(func() { close(reached) })
-		}
-		<-reached
-		active.Add(-1)
+		time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+		activeCount.Add(-1)
+
 		return nil
-	}, &counted, &peak
-}
+	})

-func TestNewParallelExecutor(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
+	err := NewParallelExecutor(2, emptyWorkflow, emptyWorkflow, emptyWorkflow)(ctx)

-	exec, count, maxActive := concurrencyProbe(2)
-	require.NoError(t, NewParallelExecutor(2, exec, exec, exec)(ctx))
-	assert.Equal(t, int32(3), count.Load(), "should run all 3 executors")
-	assert.Equal(t, int32(2), maxActive.Load(), "should run at most 2 executors in parallel")
+	assert.Equal(int32(3), count.Load(), "should run all 3 executors")
+	assert.Equal(int32(2), maxCount.Load(), "should run at most 2 executors in parallel")
+	assert.NoError(err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act

-	// parallelism below 1 falls back to a single worker
-	exec, count, maxActive = concurrencyProbe(1)
-	require.NoError(t, NewParallelExecutor(0, exec, exec, exec)(ctx))
-	assert.Equal(t, int32(3), count.Load(), "should run all 3 executors")
-	assert.Equal(t, int32(1), maxActive.Load(), "should run at most 1 executor in parallel")
+	// Reset to test running the executor with 0 parallelism
+	count.Store(0)
+	activeCount.Store(0)
+	maxCount.Store(0)
+
+	errSingle := NewParallelExecutor(0, emptyWorkflow, emptyWorkflow, emptyWorkflow)(ctx)
+
+	assert.Equal(int32(3), count.Load(), "should run all 3 executors")
+	assert.Equal(int32(1), maxCount.Load(), "should run at most 1 executors in parallel")
+	assert.NoError(errSingle)
 }

 func TestNewParallelExecutorEmpty(t *testing.T) {
@@ -173,60 +170,3 @@ func TestNewParallelExecutorCanceled(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(int32(3), count.Load())
 	assert.Error(errExpected, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 }
-
-func TestNewParallelExecutorRunsRemainingAfterFailure(t *testing.T) {
-	var successCount atomic.Int32
-	executors := make([]Executor, 5)
-	for i := range executors {
-		executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
-			if i == 2 {
-				return errors.New("fake error")
-			}
-			successCount.Add(1)
-			return nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	require.Error(t, NewParallelExecutor(2, executors...)(context.Background()))
-	assert.Equal(t, int32(4), successCount.Load(), "a failing executor must not stop the others")
-}
-
-func TestExecutorConditionalsAndFinally(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	var calls []string
-	record := func(name string) Executor {
-		return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-			calls = append(calls, name)
-			return nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	require.NoError(t, record("if-true").If(func(context.Context) bool { return true })(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, record("if-false").If(func(context.Context) bool { return false })(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, record("if-not").IfNot(func(context.Context) bool { return false })(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, record("if-bool").IfBool(true)(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, record("main").Finally(record("finally"))(ctx))
-
-	want := []string{"if-true", "if-not", "if-bool", "main", "finally"}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(calls, want) {
-		t.Fatalf("calls = %v, want %v", calls, want)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestExecutorFinallyReturnsFinallyErrorWithOriginal(t *testing.T) {
-	mainErr := errors.New("main failed")
-	finalErr := errors.New("cleanup failed")
-
-	err := NewErrorExecutor(mainErr).Finally(NewErrorExecutor(finalErr))(context.Background())
-	require.Error(t, err)
-	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "cleanup failed") || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "main failed") {
-		t.Fatalf("finally error = %q, want both cleanup and original error", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestConditionalNot(t *testing.T) {
-	cond := Conditional(func(context.Context) bool { return false })
-	if !cond.Not()(context.Background()) {
-		t.Fatal("inverted conditional should be true")
-	}
-}
--- a/act/common/git/git.go
+++ b/act/common/git/git.go
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"sync"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/internal/pkg/lock"

 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/config"
@@ -33,7 +32,7 @@ var (
 	githubHTTPRegex     = regexp.MustCompile(`^https?://.*github.com.*/(.+)/(.+?)(?:.git)?$`)
 	githubSSHRegex      = regexp.MustCompile(`github.com[:/](.+)/(.+?)(?:.git)?$`)

-	cloneLocks lock.Keyed[string] // key: clone target directory
+	cloneLocks sync.Map // key: clone target directory; value: *sync.Mutex

 	ErrShortRef = errors.New("short SHA references are not supported")
 	ErrNoRepo   = errors.New("unable to find git repo")
@@ -44,7 +43,10 @@ var (
 // Callers reading files inside dir (e.g. tarring a checked-out action into a job container) must hold this lock too,
 // otherwise a concurrent NewGitCloneExecutor on the same dir can mutate the worktree mid-read.
 func AcquireCloneLock(dir string) func() {
-	return cloneLocks.Lock(dir)
+	v, _ := cloneLocks.LoadOrStore(dir, &sync.Mutex{})
+	mu := v.(*sync.Mutex)
+	mu.Lock()
+	return mu.Unlock
 }

 type Error struct {
@@ -64,21 +66,8 @@ func (e *Error) Commit() string {
 	return e.commit
 }

-// goGitMu serializes go-git repository access across the process. go-git is not safe for
-// concurrent use of the same repository (even read access decodes packfiles into shared
-// state), so parallel jobs inspecting the shared workdir repo race without this. The guarded
-// operations are fast local reads; gitea runs one job per process, so the lock is effectively
-// uncontended in production.
-var goGitMu sync.Mutex
-
 // FindGitRevision get the current git revision
 func FindGitRevision(ctx context.Context, file string) (shortSha, sha string, err error) {
-	goGitMu.Lock()
-	defer goGitMu.Unlock()
-	return findGitRevision(ctx, file)
-}
-
-func findGitRevision(ctx context.Context, file string) (shortSha, sha string, err error) {
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)

 	gitDir, err := git.PlainOpenWithOptions(
@@ -110,13 +99,10 @@ func findGitRevision(ctx context.Context, file string) (shortSha, sha string, er

 // FindGitRef get the current git ref
 func FindGitRef(ctx context.Context, file string) (string, error) {
-	goGitMu.Lock()
-	defer goGitMu.Unlock()
-
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)

 	logger.Debugf("Loading revision from git directory")
-	_, ref, err := findGitRevision(ctx, file)
+	_, ref, err := FindGitRevision(ctx, file)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -188,8 +174,6 @@ func FindGitRef(ctx context.Context, file string) (string, error) {

 // FindGithubRepo get the repo
 func FindGithubRepo(ctx context.Context, file, githubInstance, remoteName string) (string, error) {
-	goGitMu.Lock()
-	defer goGitMu.Unlock()
 	if remoteName == "" {
 		remoteName = "origin"
 	}
@@ -255,14 +239,6 @@ type NewGitCloneExecutorInput struct {
 	Token       string
 	OfflineMode bool

-	// Depth limits the clone/fetch to the given number of commits from the tip of the requested ref.
-	// 0 for full clone.
-	Depth int
-
-	// Quiet drops the informational clone line to debug level, for callers that log their own
-	// download summary (the setup section's action report).
-	Quiet bool
-
 	// For Gitea
 	InsecureSkipTLS bool
 }
@@ -271,25 +247,10 @@ type NewGitCloneExecutorInput struct {
 func CloneIfRequired(ctx context.Context, refName plumbing.ReferenceName, input NewGitCloneExecutorInput, logger log.FieldLogger) (*git.Repository, bool, error) {
 	r, err := git.PlainOpen(input.Dir)
 	if err == nil {
-		// Verify the cached clone still points to the resolved URL before reusing it.
-		remote, err := r.Remote("origin")
-		if err == nil && len(remote.Config().URLs) > 0 && remote.Config().URLs[0] == input.URL {
 		// Reuse existing clone
 		return r, true, nil
 	}

-		if err != nil {
-			logger.Debugf("Removing cached clone at %s because origin cannot be read: %v", input.Dir, err)
-		} else if len(remote.Config().URLs) == 0 {
-			logger.Debugf("Removing cached clone at %s because origin has no URL", input.Dir)
-		} else {
-			logger.Debugf("Removing cached clone at %s because origin URL changed from %s to %s", input.Dir, remote.Config().URLs[0], input.URL)
-		}
-		if err := os.RemoveAll(input.Dir); err != nil {
-			return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("remove cached clone %s: %w", input.Dir, err)
-		}
-	}
-
 	var progressWriter io.Writer
 	if isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) || isatty.IsCygwinTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) {
 		if entry, ok := logger.(*log.Entry); ok {
@@ -315,7 +276,7 @@ func CloneIfRequired(ctx context.Context, refName plumbing.ReferenceName, input
 		}
 	}

-	r, err = cloneAtDepth(ctx, input, cloneOptions, logger)
+	r, err = git.PlainCloneContext(ctx, input.Dir, false, &cloneOptions)
 	if err != nil {
 		logger.Errorf("Unable to clone %v %s: %v", input.URL, refName, err)
 		return nil, false, err
@@ -349,11 +310,7 @@ func gitOptions(token string) (fetchOptions git.FetchOptions, pullOptions git.Pu
 func NewGitCloneExecutor(input NewGitCloneExecutorInput) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-		if input.Quiet {
-			logger.Debugf("git clone '%s' # ref=%s", input.URL, input.Ref)
-		} else {
 		logger.Infof("git clone '%s' # ref=%s", input.URL, input.Ref)
-		}
 		logger.Debugf("  cloning %s to %s", input.URL, input.Dir)

 		defer AcquireCloneLock(input.Dir)()
@@ -374,16 +331,6 @@ func NewGitCloneExecutor(input NewGitCloneExecutorInput) common.Executor {
 			pullOptions.InsecureSkipTLS = true
 		}

-		// Action clones only ever need the tip commit, so keep a shallow cache cheap on update at depth 1 regardless of its original depth
-		// Turning action_shallow_clone off does not convert an existing shallow cache; evict it for a full clone.
-		shallow := isShallow(r)
-		if shallow {
-			fetchOptions.Depth = 1
-			if spec, ok := shallowFetchRefSpec(r, input.Ref); ok {
-				fetchOptions.RefSpecs = []config.RefSpec{spec}
-			}
-		}
-
 		if !isOfflineMode {
 			err = r.Fetch(&fetchOptions)
 			if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, git.NoErrAlreadyUpToDate) {
@@ -451,13 +398,11 @@ func NewGitCloneExecutor(input NewGitCloneExecutorInput) common.Executor {

 		reusedMsg := ""

-		switch {
-		case !isOfflineMode && !shallow:
-			// In shallow mode the depth-limited fetch above already advanced the ref.
+		if !isOfflineMode {
 			if err = w.Pull(&pullOptions); err != nil && err != git.NoErrAlreadyUpToDate {
 				logger.Debugf("Unable to pull %s: %v", refName, err)
 			}
-		case isOfflineMode && reused:
+		} else if reused {
 			reusedMsg = " (reused in offline mode)"
 		}

@@ -490,53 +435,3 @@ func NewGitCloneExecutor(input NewGitCloneExecutorInput) common.Executor {
 		return nil
 	}
 }
-
-// cloneAtDepth clones input.URL into input.Dir using opts.
-// With input.Depth > 0 it first tries a shallow, single-branch clone of input.Ref, falling back when error.
-func cloneAtDepth(ctx context.Context, input NewGitCloneExecutorInput, opts git.CloneOptions, logger log.FieldLogger) (*git.Repository, error) {
-	if input.Depth > 0 {
-		for _, refName := range []plumbing.ReferenceName{
-			plumbing.NewBranchReferenceName(input.Ref),
-			plumbing.NewTagReferenceName(input.Ref),
-		} {
-			shallowOpts := opts
-			shallowOpts.Depth = input.Depth
-			shallowOpts.SingleBranch = true
-			shallowOpts.ReferenceName = refName
-			shallowOpts.Tags = git.NoTags
-
-			r, err := git.PlainCloneContext(ctx, input.Dir, false, &shallowOpts)
-			if err == nil {
-				return r, nil
-			}
-			logger.Debugf("Shallow clone of %s as %s failed: %v", input.URL, refName, err)
-			if rmErr := os.RemoveAll(input.Dir); rmErr != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("remove partial clone %s: %w", input.Dir, rmErr)
-			}
-		}
-		logger.Debugf("Falling back to a full clone of %s for ref %q", input.URL, input.Ref)
-	}
-
-	return git.PlainCloneContext(ctx, input.Dir, false, &opts)
-}
-
-// isShallow reports whether the local repository was cloned with a limited depth.
-func isShallow(r *git.Repository) bool {
-	shallows, err := r.Storer.Shallow()
-	return err == nil && len(shallows) > 0
-}
-
-// shallowFetchRefSpec returns the single refspec that updates only input.Ref, keeping a shallow clone from re-downloading every branch's history.
-// ok is false when the ref is not present locally as a tag or remote-tracking branch, in which case the broad default refspec is used.
-func shallowFetchRefSpec(r *git.Repository, ref string) (config.RefSpec, bool) {
-	tagRef := plumbing.NewTagReferenceName(ref)
-	if _, err := r.Reference(tagRef, false); err == nil {
-		return config.RefSpec(fmt.Sprintf("+%s:%s", tagRef, tagRef)), true
-	}
-	remoteRef := plumbing.NewRemoteReferenceName("origin", ref)
-	if _, err := r.Reference(remoteRef, false); err == nil {
-		branchRef := plumbing.NewBranchReferenceName(ref)
-		return config.RefSpec(fmt.Sprintf("+%s:%s", branchRef, remoteRef)), true
-	}
-	return "", false
-}
--- a/act/common/git/git_test.go
+++ b/act/common/git/git_test.go
@@ -10,16 +10,13 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"syscall"
 	"testing"
 	"time"

-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	logrustest "github.com/sirupsen/logrus/hooks/test"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
@@ -53,11 +50,8 @@ func TestFindGitSlug(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestErrorWrapsCommitAndCause(t *testing.T) {
-	err := &Error{err: ErrShortRef, commit: "abc123"}
-	require.Equal(t, ErrShortRef.Error(), err.Error())
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrShortRef)
-	require.Equal(t, "abc123", err.Commit())
+func testDir(t *testing.T) string {
+	return t.TempDir()
 }

 func cleanGitHooks(dir string) error {
@@ -84,7 +78,8 @@ func cleanGitHooks(dir string) error {
 func TestFindGitRemoteURL(t *testing.T) {
 	assert := assert.New(t)

-	basedir := t.TempDir()
+	basedir := testDir(t)
+	gitConfig()
 	err := gitCmd("init", basedir)
 	assert.NoError(err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 	err = cleanGitHooks(basedir)
@@ -106,24 +101,9 @@ func TestFindGitRemoteURL(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(remoteURL, u)
 }

-func TestFindGithubRepoUsesOriginAndCustomRemote(t *testing.T) {
-	basedir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", basedir))
-	require.NoError(t, cleanGitHooks(basedir))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", basedir, "remote", "add", "origin", "https://github.com/owner/repo.git"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", basedir, "remote", "add", "ghe", "git@git.example.com:team/project.git"))
-
-	slug, err := FindGithubRepo(context.Background(), basedir, "github.com", "")
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, "owner/repo", slug)
-
-	slug, err = FindGithubRepo(context.Background(), basedir, "git.example.com", "ghe")
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, "team/project", slug)
-}
-
 func TestGitFindRef(t *testing.T) {
-	basedir := t.TempDir()
+	basedir := testDir(t)
+	gitConfig()

 	for name, tt := range map[string]struct {
 		Prepare func(t *testing.T, dir string)
@@ -200,55 +180,36 @@ func TestGitFindRef(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestGitCloneExecutor(t *testing.T) {
-	// Build a local bare "remote" so this runs offline and fast. The cases below mirror
-	// the tag/branch/sha/short-sha ref paths the executor handles, formerly exercised by
-	// cloning actions/checkout and anchore/scan-action over the network.
-	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir))
-
-	workDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("clone", remoteDir, workDir))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "checkout", "-b", "main"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "commit", "--allow-empty", "-m", "initial"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "tag", "v2"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "-u", "origin", "main"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "origin", "v2"))
-
-	// A branch with a dash in the name (mirrors the historical scan-action@act-fails case).
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "checkout", "-b", "act-fails"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "commit", "--allow-empty", "-m", "branch-commit"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "origin", "act-fails"))
-
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", workDir, "rev-parse", "main").Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	fullSha := strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
-
 	for name, tt := range map[string]struct {
 		Err      error
-		Ref string
+		URL, Ref string
 	}{
 		"tag": {
 			Err: nil,
+			URL: "https://github.com/actions/checkout",
 			Ref: "v2",
 		},
 		"branch": {
 			Err: nil,
+			URL: "https://github.com/anchore/scan-action",
 			Ref: "act-fails",
 		},
 		"sha": {
 			Err: nil,
-			Ref: fullSha,
+			URL: "https://github.com/actions/checkout",
+			Ref: "5a4ac9002d0be2fb38bd78e4b4dbde5606d7042f", // v2
 		},
 		"short-sha": {
-			Err: &Error{ErrShortRef, fullSha},
-			Ref: fullSha[:7],
+			Err: &Error{ErrShortRef, "5a4ac9002d0be2fb38bd78e4b4dbde5606d7042f"},
+			URL: "https://github.com/actions/checkout",
+			Ref: "5a4ac90", // v2
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			clone := NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-				URL: remoteDir,
+				URL: tt.URL,
 				Ref: tt.Ref,
-				Dir: t.TempDir(),
+				Dir: testDir(t),
 			})

 			err := clone(context.Background())
@@ -262,56 +223,13 @@ func TestGitCloneExecutor(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestGitCloneExecutorReclonesWhenOriginURLChanges(t *testing.T) {
-	createRemote := func(message string) string {
-		remoteDir := t.TempDir()
-		require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir))
-
-		workDir := t.TempDir()
-		require.NoError(t, gitCmd("clone", remoteDir, workDir))
-		require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "checkout", "-b", "main"))
-		require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "commit", "--allow-empty", "-m", message))
-		require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "-u", "origin", "main"))
-
-		return remoteDir
-	}
-
-	oldRemoteDir := createRemote("old-action")
-	newRemoteDir := createRemote("new-action")
-	cacheDir := t.TempDir()
-
-	require.NoError(t, NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-		URL: oldRemoteDir,
-		Ref: "main",
-		Dir: cacheDir,
-	})(t.Context()))
-
-	markerPath := filepath.Join(cacheDir, "stale-marker")
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(markerPath, []byte("stale"), 0o644))
-
-	require.NoError(t, NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-		URL: newRemoteDir,
-		Ref: "main",
-		Dir: cacheDir,
-	})(t.Context()))
-
-	originURL, err := findGitRemoteURL(t.Context(), cacheDir, "origin")
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, newRemoteDir, originURL)
-
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", cacheDir, "log", "--oneline", "-1", "--format=%s").Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, "new-action", strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
-
-	_, err = os.Stat(markerPath)
-	require.True(t, os.IsNotExist(err), "stale cached directory should be removed before recloning")
-}
-
 func TestGitCloneExecutorNonFastForwardRef(t *testing.T) {
 	// Simulate the scenario where a remote ref (e.g. a GitHub PR head ref) changes
 	// non-fast-forward between two fetches. Before the fix, the fetch used Force=false,
 	// causing go-git to return ErrForceNeeded and short-circuit the checkout.

+	gitConfig()
+
 	// Create a bare "remote" repo with an initial commit on main and a feature branch.
 	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
 	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir))
@@ -362,6 +280,8 @@ func TestGitCloneExecutorNonFastForwardRef(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestGitCloneExecutorOfflineMode(t *testing.T) {
+	gitConfig()
+
 	// Build a local "remote" with a single commit on main.
 	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
 	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir))
@@ -407,149 +327,22 @@ func TestGitCloneExecutorOfflineMode(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }

-func TestGitCloneExecutorQuietDemotesCloneLine(t *testing.T) {
-	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir))
-	workDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("clone", remoteDir, workDir))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "checkout", "-b", "main"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "commit", "--allow-empty", "-m", "initial"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "-u", "origin", "main"))
-
-	// Quiet callers report the download themselves, so the clone line must not reach the job log.
-	for name, quiet := range map[string]bool{"quiet": true, "not quiet": false} {
-		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			logger, hook := logrustest.NewNullLogger()
-			logger.SetLevel(log.InfoLevel)
-			ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger.WithField("job", "j1"))
-
-			require.NoError(t, NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-				URL:   remoteDir,
-				Ref:   "main",
-				Dir:   t.TempDir(),
-				Quiet: quiet,
-			})(ctx))
-
-			var cloneLines int
-			for _, entry := range hook.AllEntries() {
-				if strings.HasPrefix(entry.Message, "git clone ") {
-					cloneLines++
+func gitConfig() {
+	if os.Getenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS") == "true" {
+		var err error
+		if err = gitCmd("config", "--global", "user.email", "test@test.com"); err != nil {
+			log.Error(err)
+		}
+		if err = gitCmd("config", "--global", "user.name", "Unit Test"); err != nil {
+			log.Error(err)
 		}
 	}
-			if quiet {
-				assert.Zero(t, cloneLines)
-			} else {
-				assert.Equal(t, 1, cloneLines)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestGitCloneExecutorShallow(t *testing.T) {
-	// Build a local "remote" with several commits on main plus a tag, so a full clone would pull noticeably more history than a shallow one.
-	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir))
-	workDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("clone", remoteDir, workDir))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "checkout", "-b", "main"))
-	for _, m := range []string{"c1", "c2", "c3"} {
-		require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "commit", "--allow-empty", "-m", m))
-	}
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "tag", "v1"))
-	sha := gitRevParse(t, workDir, "HEAD~1") // c2, a SHA that go-git cannot shallow-clone
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "-u", "origin", "main"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "origin", "v1"))
-
-	shallowMarker := func(dir string) string { return filepath.Join(dir, ".git", "shallow") }
-
-	t.Run("branch is cloned shallowly", func(t *testing.T) {
-		dir := t.TempDir()
-		require.NoError(t, NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-			URL: remoteDir, Ref: "main", Dir: dir, Depth: 1,
-		})(t.Context()))
-		assert.FileExists(t, shallowMarker(dir), "clone should be shallow")
-		assert.Equal(t, 1, gitRevCount(t, dir), "only the tip commit should be present")
-		assert.Equal(t, "c3", gitHeadSubject(t, dir))
-	})
-
-	t.Run("tag is cloned shallowly", func(t *testing.T) {
-		dir := t.TempDir()
-		require.NoError(t, NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-			URL: remoteDir, Ref: "v1", Dir: dir, Depth: 1,
-		})(t.Context()))
-		assert.FileExists(t, shallowMarker(dir), "clone should be shallow")
-		assert.Equal(t, 1, gitRevCount(t, dir))
-		assert.Equal(t, "c3", gitHeadSubject(t, dir))
-	})
-
-	t.Run("SHA falls back to a full clone", func(t *testing.T) {
-		dir := t.TempDir()
-		require.NoError(t, NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-			URL: remoteDir, Ref: sha, Dir: dir, Depth: 1,
-		})(t.Context()))
-		// go-git cannot shallow-clone a raw SHA, so it falls back to a full clone; the absence of a shallow marker proves the fallback happened.
-		assert.NoFileExists(t, shallowMarker(dir), "a SHA ref must not produce a shallow clone")
-		assert.Equal(t, sha, gitRevParse(t, dir, "HEAD"))
-	})
-
-	t.Run("moving branch updates while staying shallow", func(t *testing.T) {
-		dir := t.TempDir()
-		require.NoError(t, NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-			URL: remoteDir, Ref: "main", Dir: dir, Depth: 1,
-		})(t.Context()))
-		require.Equal(t, "c3", gitHeadSubject(t, dir))
-
-		// Advance main on the remote, then reuse the existing shallow clone.
-		require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "commit", "--allow-empty", "-m", "c4"))
-		require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "origin", "main"))
-
-		require.NoError(t, NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-			URL: remoteDir, Ref: "main", Dir: dir, Depth: 1,
-		})(t.Context()))
-		assert.Equal(t, "c4", gitHeadSubject(t, dir), "reused shallow clone should update to the new tip")
-		assert.FileExists(t, shallowMarker(dir), "repo should remain shallow after update")
-		assert.Equal(t, 1, gitRevCount(t, dir))
-	})
-}
-
-func gitRevParse(t *testing.T, dir, rev string) string {
-	t.Helper()
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", dir, "rev-parse", rev).Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	return strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
-}
-
-func gitRevCount(t *testing.T, dir string) int {
-	t.Helper()
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", dir, "rev-list", "--count", "HEAD").Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	n, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	return n
-}
-
-func gitHeadSubject(t *testing.T, dir string) string {
-	t.Helper()
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", dir, "log", "-1", "--format=%s").Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	return strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
 }

 func gitCmd(args ...string) error {
 	cmd := exec.Command("git", args...)
 	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
 	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
-	// Inject a deterministic identity and ignore the host's global/system config so commits
-	// succeed regardless of the host having no user.name/user.email (e.g. CI, GITHUB_ACTIONS
-	// unset) or a global commit.gpgsign, and without mutating the developer's ~/.gitconfig.
-	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(),
-		"GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Unit Test",
-		"GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=test@test.com",
-		"GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=Unit Test",
-		"GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=test@test.com",
-		"GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL=/dev/null",
-		"GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM=/dev/null",
-	)

 	err := cmd.Run()
 	if exitError, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok {
@@ -609,4 +402,12 @@ func TestAcquireCloneLock(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Fatal("acquire on a different directory must not block")
 		}
 	})
+
+	t.Run("same directory reuses the same mutex", func(t *testing.T) {
+		dir := t.TempDir()
+
+		v1, _ := cloneLocks.LoadOrStore(dir, &sync.Mutex{})
+		v2, _ := cloneLocks.LoadOrStore(dir, &sync.Mutex{})
+		require.Same(t, v1, v2)
+	})
 }
--- a/act/common/job_error.go
+++ b/act/common/job_error.go
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ func JobError(ctx context.Context) error {
 }

 func SetJobError(ctx context.Context, err error) {
-	if container, ok := ctx.Value(jobErrorContextKeyVal).(map[string]error); ok {
-		container["error"] = err
-	}
+	ctx.Value(jobErrorContextKeyVal).(map[string]error)["error"] = err
 }

 // WithJobErrorContainer adds a value to the context as a container for an error
--- a/act/common/line_writer.go
+++ b/act/common/line_writer.go
@@ -12,13 +12,6 @@ import (
 // LineHandler is a callback function for handling a line
 type LineHandler func(line string) bool

-// Flusher is implemented by writers that buffer a trailing, not-yet-terminated
-// line. Callers should flush once the underlying stream has reached EOF so the
-// final line (when it is not newline-terminated) is not lost.
-type Flusher interface {
-	Flush()
-}
-
 type lineWriter struct {
 	buffer   bytes.Buffer
 	handlers []LineHandler
@@ -31,14 +24,6 @@ func NewLineWriter(handlers ...LineHandler) io.Writer {
 	return w
 }

-// FlushWriter flushes w if it implements Flusher. It is a no-op otherwise, so
-// callers can flush an io.Writer without knowing its concrete type.
-func FlushWriter(w io.Writer) {
-	if f, ok := w.(Flusher); ok {
-		f.Flush()
-	}
-}
-
 func (lw *lineWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	pBuf := bytes.NewBuffer(p)
 	written := 0
@@ -59,17 +44,6 @@ func (lw *lineWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	return written, nil
 }

-// Flush emits any buffered, not-yet-newline-terminated content as a final line.
-// It is safe to call multiple times; subsequent calls with an empty buffer are
-// no-ops.
-func (lw *lineWriter) Flush() {
-	if lw.buffer.Len() == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-	lw.handleLine(lw.buffer.String())
-	lw.buffer.Reset()
-}
-
 func (lw *lineWriter) handleLine(line string) {
 	for _, h := range lw.handlers {
 		ok := h(line)
--- a/act/common/line_writer_test.go
+++ b/act/common/line_writer_test.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 package common

 import (
-	"io"
 	"testing"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
@@ -40,33 +39,3 @@ func TestLineWriter(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(" and another\n", lines[2])
 	assert.Equal("last line\n", lines[3])
 }
-
-func TestLineWriterFlush(t *testing.T) {
-	lines := make([]string, 0)
-	lineHandler := func(s string) bool {
-		lines = append(lines, s)
-		return true
-	}
-
-	lineWriter := NewLineWriter(lineHandler)
-
-	assert := assert.New(t)
-	_, err := lineWriter.Write([]byte("complete line\npartial line without newline"))
-	assert.NoError(err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing pattern from nektos/act
-
-	// Only the newline-terminated line is emitted before flushing.
-	assert.Equal([]string{"complete line\n"}, lines)
-
-	// Flushing emits the buffered, not-yet-terminated trailing line.
-	FlushWriter(lineWriter)
-	assert.Equal([]string{"complete line\n", "partial line without newline"}, lines)
-
-	// Flushing again is a no-op: nothing is buffered.
-	FlushWriter(lineWriter)
-	assert.Len(lines, 2)
-}
-
-func TestFlushWriterIgnoresNonFlusher(t *testing.T) {
-	// FlushWriter must be a safe no-op for writers that do not buffer lines.
-	assert.NotPanics(t, func() { FlushWriter(io.Discard) })
-}
--- a/act/common/outbound_ip.go
+++ b/act/common/outbound_ip.go
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ func GetOutboundIP() net.IP {
 	conn, err := net.Dial("udp", "8.8.8.8:80")
 	if err == nil {
 		defer conn.Close()
-		if addr, ok := conn.LocalAddr().(*net.UDPAddr); ok {
-			return addr.IP
-		}
+		return conn.LocalAddr().(*net.UDPAddr).IP
 	}

 	// So the machine cannot access the internet. Pick an IP address from network interfaces.
--- a/act/container/container_types.go
+++ b/act/container/container_types.go
@@ -82,14 +82,6 @@ type NewDockerBuildExecutorInput struct {
 	BuildContext io.Reader
 	ImageTag     string
 	Platform     string
-	BuildArgs    map[string]*string
-}
-
-// NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutorInput the input for the NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutor function
-type NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutorInput struct {
-	EnableIPv4 *bool
-	EnableIPv6 *bool
-	RunnerUUID string
 }

 // NewDockerPullExecutorInput the input for the NewDockerPullExecutor function
--- a/act/container/docker_auth.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_auth.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/config/credentials"
 	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/registry"
 )

@@ -25,6 +26,10 @@ func LoadDockerAuthConfig(ctx context.Context, image string) (registry.AuthConfi
 		logger.Warnf("Could not load docker config: %v", err)
 		return registry.AuthConfig{}, err
 	}
+	if !cfg.ContainsAuth() {
+		cfg.CredentialsStore = credentials.DetectDefaultStore(cfg.CredentialsStore)
+	}
+
 	registryKey := registryAuthConfigKey("docker.io")
 	if image != "" {
 		if registryRef, refErr := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(image); refErr != nil {
@@ -50,6 +55,10 @@ func LoadDockerAuthConfigs(ctx context.Context) map[string]registry.AuthConfig {
 		logger.Warnf("Could not load docker config: %v", err)
 		return nil
 	}
+	if !cfg.ContainsAuth() {
+		cfg.CredentialsStore = credentials.DetectDefaultStore(cfg.CredentialsStore)
+	}
+
 	creds, err := cfg.GetAllCredentials()
 	if err != nil {
 		logger.Warnf("Could not get docker auth configs: %v", err)
--- a/act/container/docker_build.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_build.go
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ func NewDockerBuildExecutor(input NewDockerBuildExecutorInput) common.Executor {
 			Remove:      true,
 			AuthConfigs: LoadDockerAuthConfigs(ctx),
 			Dockerfile:  input.Dockerfile,
-			BuildArgs:   input.BuildArgs,
 		}
 		platform, err := parsePlatform(input.Platform)
 		if err != nil {
--- a/act/container/docker_cli_test.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_cli_test.go
@@ -498,79 +498,6 @@ func TestParseDevice(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestParseDeviceByServerOS(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name     string
-		device   string
-		serverOS string
-		want     container.DeviceMapping
-		wantErr  string
-	}{
-		{
-			name:     "linux source only",
-			device:   "/dev/snd",
-			serverOS: "linux",
-			want: container.DeviceMapping{
-				PathOnHost:        "/dev/snd",
-				PathInContainer:   "/dev/snd",
-				CgroupPermissions: "rwm",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "linux source and mode",
-			device:   "/dev/snd:rw",
-			serverOS: "linux",
-			want: container.DeviceMapping{
-				PathOnHost:        "/dev/snd",
-				PathInContainer:   "/dev/snd",
-				CgroupPermissions: "rw",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "linux source target and mode",
-			device:   "/dev/snd:/container/snd:m",
-			serverOS: "linux",
-			want: container.DeviceMapping{
-				PathOnHost:        "/dev/snd",
-				PathInContainer:   "/container/snd",
-				CgroupPermissions: "m",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "windows passes value through",
-			device:   `class/GUID`,
-			serverOS: "windows",
-			want: container.DeviceMapping{
-				PathOnHost: `class/GUID`,
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "invalid server OS",
-			device:   "/dev/snd",
-			serverOS: "plan9",
-			wantErr:  "unknown server OS: plan9",
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "too many linux fields",
-			device:   "/dev/snd:/container/snd:rw:extra",
-			serverOS: "linux",
-			wantErr:  "invalid device specification: /dev/snd:/container/snd:rw:extra",
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tc := range tests {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			got, err := parseDevice(tc.device, tc.serverOS)
-			if tc.wantErr != "" {
-				assert.Error(t, err, tc.wantErr)
-				return
-			}
-			assert.NilError(t, err)
-			assert.Equal(t, got, tc.want)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func TestParseNetworkConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name        string
@@ -1003,82 +930,6 @@ func TestValidateDevice(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestValidateDeviceByServerOS(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name      string
-		value     string
-		serverOS  string
-		want      string
-		wantError string
-	}{
-		{
-			name:     "linux preserves three-field container path",
-			value:    "/host:/container/../device:rw",
-			serverOS: "linux",
-			want:     "/host:/container/../device:rw",
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "linux source path can be relative when target is absolute",
-			value:    "relative-host:/container/device",
-			serverOS: "linux",
-			want:     "relative-host:/container/device",
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "windows defers validation",
-			value:    `class/GUID`,
-			serverOS: "windows",
-			want:     `class/GUID`,
-		},
-		{
-			name:      "linux rejects bad mode",
-			value:     "/host:/container:ro",
-			serverOS:  "linux",
-			wantError: "bad mode specified: ro",
-		},
-		{
-			name:      "linux target must be absolute",
-			value:     "/host:relative",
-			serverOS:  "linux",
-			wantError: "relative is not an absolute path",
-		},
-		{
-			name:      "unknown server OS",
-			value:     "/dev/snd",
-			serverOS:  "plan9",
-			wantError: "unknown server OS: plan9",
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tc := range tests {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			got, err := validateDevice(tc.value, tc.serverOS)
-			if tc.wantError != "" {
-				assert.Error(t, err, tc.wantError)
-				return
-			}
-			assert.NilError(t, err)
-			assert.Equal(t, got, tc.want)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDeviceCgroupRulesAndInvalidParameter(t *testing.T) {
-	got, err := validateDeviceCgroupRule("c 1:3 rwm")
-	assert.NilError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, got, "c 1:3 rwm")
-
-	_, err = validateDeviceCgroupRule("invalid")
-	assert.Error(t, err, "invalid device cgroup format 'invalid'")
-
-	if invalidParameter(nil) != nil {
-		t.Fatal("invalidParameter(nil) should be nil")
-	}
-	err = invalidParameter(errors.New("bad input"))
-	assert.Assert(t, err != nil)
-	var invalid interface{ InvalidParameter() }
-	assert.Assert(t, errors.As(err, &invalid))
-}
-
 func TestParseSystemPaths(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		doc                       string
--- a/act/container/docker_create_flags.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_create_flags.go
@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-//go:build !(WITHOUT_DOCKER || !(linux || darwin || windows || netbsd))
-
-package container
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"slices"
-
-	"github.com/kballard/go-shellquote"
-	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
-)
-
-const (
-	pullPolicyAlways  = "always"
-	pullPolicyMissing = "missing"
-	pullPolicyNever   = "never"
-)
-
-var pullPolicies = []string{pullPolicyAlways, pullPolicyMissing, pullPolicyNever}
-
-// createFlags are the flags docker/cli registers on the `create` and `run` commands
-// instead of in addFlags, so they are not part of containerOptions.
-type createFlags struct {
-	platform     string
-	pull         string
-	name         string
-	useAPISocket bool
-}
-
-func registerCreateFlags(flags *pflag.FlagSet) *createFlags {
-	cf := new(createFlags)
-	flags.StringVar(&cf.platform, "platform", "", "Set platform if server is multi-platform capable")
-	flags.StringVar(&cf.pull, "pull", pullPolicyMissing, `Pull image before creating ("always", "missing", "never")`)
-	flags.StringVar(&cf.name, "name", "", "Assign a name to the container")
-	flags.BoolVar(&cf.useAPISocket, "use-api-socket", false, "Bind mount Docker API socket and required auth")
-	// Accepted without effect: pull progress is only logged at debug level, and docker
-	// no longer implements content trust.
-	flags.BoolP("quiet", "q", false, "Suppress the pull output")
-	flags.Bool("disable-content-trust", true, "Skip image verification (deprecated)")
-	return cf
-}
-
-// parseContainerOptions parses a container options string. The flags are returned even
-// on error, holding whatever was read before the failure.
-func parseContainerOptions(options string) (*pflag.FlagSet, *containerOptions, *createFlags, error) {
-	flags := pflag.NewFlagSet("container_flags", pflag.ContinueOnError)
-	flags.SetOutput(io.Discard)
-	copts := addFlags(flags)
-	cf := registerCreateFlags(flags)
-
-	args, err := shellquote.Split(options)
-	if err != nil {
-		return flags, copts, cf, fmt.Errorf("Cannot split container options: '%s': '%w'", options, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := flags.Parse(args); err != nil {
-		return flags, copts, cf, fmt.Errorf("Cannot parse container options: '%s': '%w'", options, err)
-	}
-
-	return flags, copts, cf, nil
-}
-
-// createFlagsFromOptions reads the create-level flags that have to be known before the
-// container is created. Malformed options keep the defaults here and are reported by
-// mergeContainerConfigs at create time.
-func createFlagsFromOptions(options string) *createFlags {
-	_, _, cf, _ := parseContainerOptions(options)
-	return cf
-}
-
-func (cf *createFlags) validate() error {
-	if !slices.Contains(pullPolicies, cf.pull) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("invalid --pull option %q: must be one of %q", cf.pull, pullPolicies)
-	}
-
-	if cf.useAPISocket {
-		return errors.New("--use-api-socket is not supported, use the runner's container.docker_host setting to expose a docker socket")
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
--- a/act/container/docker_create_flags_test.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_create_flags_test.go
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package container
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-)
-
-func TestCreateFlagsFromOptions(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		options  string
-		platform string
-		pull     string
-	}{
-		{"", "", pullPolicyMissing},
-		{"-v /a:/b --platform=linux/arm64 --pull always", "linux/arm64", pullPolicyAlways},
-		{"--platform linux/arm/v7 --pull never", "linux/arm/v7", pullPolicyNever},
-		{`--platform "linux/amd64`, "", pullPolicyMissing}, // malformed, defaults kept
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.options, func(t *testing.T) {
-			cf := createFlagsFromOptions(tc.options)
-			assert.Equal(t, tc.platform, cf.platform)
-			assert.Equal(t, tc.pull, cf.pull)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestCreateFlagsValidate(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		options string
-		wantErr string
-	}{
-		{"--quiet --disable-content-trust --name mine", ""},
-		{"--pull sometimes", `invalid --pull option "sometimes"`},
-		{"--use-api-socket", "--use-api-socket is not supported"},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.options, func(t *testing.T) {
-			err := createFlagsFromOptions(tc.options).validate()
-			if tc.wantErr == "" {
-				require.NoError(t, err)
-				return
-			}
-			require.ErrorContains(t, err, tc.wantErr)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestNewContainerAppliesCreateFlags(t *testing.T) {
-	input := &NewContainerInput{Platform: "linux/amd64", Options: "--platform linux/arm64 --pull never"}
-	cr, ok := NewContainer(input).(*containerReference)
-	require.True(t, ok)
-	assert.Equal(t, "linux/arm64", input.Platform)
-	assert.Equal(t, pullPolicyNever, cr.pullPolicy)
-
-	kept := &NewContainerInput{Platform: "linux/amd64", Options: "--privileged"}
-	NewContainer(kept)
-	assert.Equal(t, "linux/amd64", kept.Platform)
-}
--- a/act/container/docker_images_test.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_images_test.go
@@ -6,64 +6,66 @@ package container

 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
-	"os/exec"
-	"strings"
+	"io"
 	"testing"

+	"github.com/moby/moby/client"
+	specs "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )

 func init() {
 	log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
 }

-// buildScratchImage builds a tiny empty image for the given platform locally (FROM scratch, no
-// network or emulation since there is nothing to run) and returns its tag, removing it after
-// the test.
-func buildScratchImage(t *testing.T, platform string) string {
-	t.Helper()
-	tag := fmt.Sprintf("act-test-exists-%s:latest", strings.TrimPrefix(platform, "linux/"))
-	cmd := exec.Command("docker", "build", "--platform", platform, "-t", tag, "-")
-	cmd.Stdin = strings.NewReader("FROM scratch\nLABEL act-test=1\n")
-	// Force BuildKit: it records the requested architecture in the image config for a
-	// FROM-scratch build, whereas the classic builder ignores --platform and tags it with the
-	// host arch, which would break the per-platform existence assertions below.
-	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), "DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1")
-	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
-	require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
-	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = exec.Command("docker", "rmi", "-f", tag).Run() })
-	return tag
-}
-
 func TestImageExistsLocally(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	ctx := context.Background()
+	// to help make this test reliable and not flaky, we need to have
+	// an image that will exist, and onew that won't exist

-	// a non-existent image is reported absent
-	missing, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "library/alpine:this-random-tag-will-never-exist", "linux/amd64")
+	// Test if image exists with specific tag
+	invalidImageTag, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "library/alpine:this-random-tag-will-never-exist", "linux/amd64")
 	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
-	assert.False(t, missing)
+	assert.False(t, invalidImageTag)

-	// Build tiny images for two architectures locally so per-platform existence can be checked
-	// offline (formerly pulled node:24-bookworm-slim for amd64 and arm64 over the network).
-	amd64Ref := buildScratchImage(t, "linux/amd64")
-	arm64Ref := buildScratchImage(t, "linux/arm64")
-
-	amd64Exists, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, amd64Ref, "linux/amd64")
+	// Test if image exists with specific architecture (image platform)
+	invalidImagePlatform, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "alpine:latest", "windows/amd64")
 	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
-	assert.True(t, amd64Exists)
+	assert.False(t, invalidImagePlatform)

-	// a non-host architecture image is detected for its own architecture
-	arm64Exists, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, arm64Ref, "linux/arm64")
+	// pull an image
+	cli, err := client.New(client.FromEnv)
 	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
-	assert.True(t, arm64Exists)
+	defer cli.Close()

-	// a present image is reported absent for a different platform
-	wrongPlatform, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, amd64Ref, "linux/arm64")
+	// Chose alpine latest because it's so small
+	// maybe we should build an image instead so that tests aren't reliable on dockerhub
+	readerDefault, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "node:24-bookworm-slim", client.ImagePullOptions{
+		Platforms: []specs.Platform{{OS: "linux", Architecture: "amd64"}},
+	})
 	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
-	assert.False(t, wrongPlatform)
+	defer readerDefault.Close()
+	_, err = io.ReadAll(readerDefault)
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	imageDefaultArchExists, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "node:24-bookworm-slim", "linux/amd64")
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.True(t, imageDefaultArchExists)
+
+	// Validate if another architecture platform can be pulled
+	readerArm64, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "node:24-bookworm-slim", client.ImagePullOptions{
+		Platforms: []specs.Platform{{OS: "linux", Architecture: "arm64"}},
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	defer readerArm64.Close()
+	_, err = io.ReadAll(readerArm64)
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	imageArm64Exists, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "node:24-bookworm-slim", "linux/arm64")
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.True(t, imageArm64Exists)
 }
--- a/act/container/docker_logger.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_logger.go
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func logDockerResponse(logger logrus.FieldLogger, dockerResponse io.ReadCloser,

 		if msg.ErrorDetail.Message != "" {
 			writeLog(logger, isError, "%s", msg.ErrorDetail.Message)
-			return errors.New(msg.ErrorDetail.Message)
+			return errors.New(msg.Error)
 		}

 		if msg.Status != "" {
--- a/act/container/docker_network.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_network.go
@@ -8,9 +8,6 @@ package container

 import (
 	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
 	"time"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
@@ -18,60 +15,18 @@ import (
 	"github.com/moby/moby/client"
 )

-const (
-	networkCreateAttempts   = 3
-	networkCreateRetryDelay = time.Second
-
-	// marks the networks a runner creates for its jobs, so it can tell its own leftovers from
-	// those of another runner sharing the daemon
-	runnerUUIDLabel = "com.gitea.runner.uuid"
+var (
+	dockerNetworkRemoveRetryInterval = 200 * time.Millisecond
+	dockerNetworkRemoveTimeout       = 10 * time.Second
 )

-// RemoveOrphanNetworks removes the networks this runner created for jobs whose teardown did
-// not get to them: the runner died with the job, the teardown timed out, or the network still
-// had an endpoint on it at the time. Each one holds a subnet of the daemon's address pool
-// until it is removed. Networks created after createdBefore are left alone, so a job starting
-// while this runs cannot lose the network it has created but not yet attached a container to.
-func RemoveOrphanNetworks(ctx context.Context, runnerUUID string, createdBefore time.Time) error {
-	cli, err := GetDockerClient(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to the docker daemon: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer cli.Close()
-
-	return removeOrphanNetworks(ctx, cli, runnerUUID, createdBefore)
+type dockerNetworkClient interface {
+	NetworkList(ctx context.Context, options client.NetworkListOptions) (client.NetworkListResult, error)
+	NetworkInspect(ctx context.Context, networkID string, options client.NetworkInspectOptions) (client.NetworkInspectResult, error)
+	NetworkRemove(ctx context.Context, networkID string, options client.NetworkRemoveOptions) (client.NetworkRemoveResult, error)
 }

-func removeOrphanNetworks(ctx context.Context, cli client.APIClient, runnerUUID string, createdBefore time.Time) error {
-	networks, err := cli.NetworkList(ctx, client.NetworkListOptions{
-		Filters: make(client.Filters).Add("label", runnerUUIDLabel+"="+runnerUUID),
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	var errs []error
-	for _, n := range networks.Items {
-		result, err := cli.NetworkInspect(ctx, n.ID, client.NetworkInspectOptions{})
-		if err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("failed to inspect network %s: %w", n.Name, err))
-			continue
-		}
-		// the emptiness check, not the label, is what keeps a live job of another process
-		// sharing this registration safe
-		if len(result.Network.Containers) != 0 || result.Network.Created.After(createdBefore) {
-			continue
-		}
-		if _, err := cli.NetworkRemove(ctx, n.ID, client.NetworkRemoveOptions{}); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("failed to remove network %s: %w", n.Name, err))
-			continue
-		}
-		common.Logger(ctx).Infof("removed docker network %s left behind by an earlier job", n.Name)
-	}
-	return errors.Join(errs...)
-}
-
-func NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutor(name string, opts NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutorInput) common.Executor {
+func NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutor(name string) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		cli, err := GetDockerClient(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -93,45 +48,16 @@ func NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutor(name string, opts NewDockerNetworkCreateExec
 			}
 		}

-		for i := range networkCreateAttempts {
-			if i > 0 {
-				common.Logger(ctx).Infof("Waiting for a free docker address pool to create network %s", name)
-				select {
-				case <-ctx.Done():
-					return ctx.Err()
-				case <-time.After(time.Duration(i) * networkCreateRetryDelay):
-				}
-			}
-			if _, err = cli.NetworkCreate(ctx, name, client.NetworkCreateOptions{
+		_, err = cli.NetworkCreate(ctx, name, client.NetworkCreateOptions{
 			Driver: "bridge",
 			Scope:  "local",
-				EnableIPv4: opts.EnableIPv4,
-				EnableIPv6: opts.EnableIPv6,
-				Labels:     runnerLabels(opts.RunnerUUID),
-			}); err == nil {
-				return nil
-			}
-			if !isAddressPoolExhausted(err) {
+		})
+		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("docker has no address pool left for this job's network, lower runner.capacity or widen default-address-pools in the docker daemon config: %w", err)
-	}
-}

-func runnerLabels(runnerUUID string) map[string]string {
-	if runnerUUID == "" {
 		return nil
 	}
-	return map[string]string{runnerUUIDLabel: runnerUUID}
-}
-
-// The daemon reports this as a plain invalid-parameter error, the same kind it uses for every
-// malformed request, so the message is the only discriminator.
-func isAddressPoolExhausted(err error) bool {
-	msg := err.Error()
-	return strings.Contains(msg, "all predefined address pools have been fully subnetted") ||
-		strings.Contains(msg, "could not find an available, non-overlapping IPv4 address pool among the defaults") // docker 24 and older
 }

 func NewDockerNetworkRemoveExecutor(name string) common.Executor {
@@ -142,33 +68,64 @@ func NewDockerNetworkRemoveExecutor(name string) common.Executor {
 		}
 		defer cli.Close()

-		// Make sure that all network of the specified name are removed
-		// cli.NetworkRemove refuses to remove a network if there are duplicates
-		networks, err := cli.NetworkList(ctx, client.NetworkListOptions{})
+		return removeDockerNetworks(ctx, cli, name)
+	}
+}
+
+func removeDockerNetworks(ctx context.Context, cli dockerNetworkClient, name string) error {
+	cleanupCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, dockerNetworkRemoveTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	for {
+		pendingRemoval, err := removeDockerNetworksOnce(cleanupCtx, cli, name)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+		if !pendingRemoval {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		select {
+		case <-cleanupCtx.Done():
+			common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("Timed out waiting for Docker network %v endpoints to detach; leaving network behind", name)
+			return nil
+		case <-time.After(dockerNetworkRemoveRetryInterval):
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func removeDockerNetworksOnce(ctx context.Context, cli dockerNetworkClient, name string) (bool, error) {
+	// Make sure that all network of the specified name are removed.
+	// cli.NetworkRemove refuses to remove a network if there are duplicates.
+	networks, err := cli.NetworkList(ctx, client.NetworkListOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
 	// For Gitea, reduce log noise
 	// common.Logger(ctx).Debugf("%v", networks)
-		var errs []error
-		for _, n := range networks.Items {
-			if n.Name == name {
-				result, err := cli.NetworkInspect(ctx, n.ID, client.NetworkInspectOptions{})
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}

-				// it holds a subnet out of the daemon's pool until something reclaims it
-				if len(result.Network.Containers) != 0 {
-					common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("Refusing to remove network %s because it still has active endpoints, the idle cleanup reclaims it once they are gone", name)
+	pendingRemoval := false
+	for _, n := range networks.Items {
+		if n.Name != name {
 			continue
 		}
-				if _, err = cli.NetworkRemove(ctx, n.ID, client.NetworkRemoveOptions{}); err != nil {
-					errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("failed to remove network %s: %w", name, err))
+
+		result, err := cli.NetworkInspect(ctx, n.ID, client.NetworkInspectOptions{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return false, err
 		}
+
+		if len(result.Network.Containers) != 0 {
+			pendingRemoval = true
+			common.Logger(ctx).Debugf("Waiting to remove network %v because it still has active endpoints", name)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if _, err = cli.NetworkRemove(ctx, n.ID, client.NetworkRemoveOptions{}); err != nil {
+			pendingRemoval = true
+			common.Logger(ctx).Debugf("Retrying Docker network removal for %v: %v", name, err)
 		}
 	}

-		return errors.Join(errs...)
-	}
+	return pendingRemoval, nil
 }
--- a/act/container/docker_network_test.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_network_test.go
@@ -1,50 +1,115 @@
 // Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2026 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

+//go:build !(WITHOUT_DOCKER || !(linux || darwin || windows || netbsd))
+
 package container

 import (
 	"context"
-	"errors"
 	"testing"
 	"time"

-	cerrdefs "github.com/containerd/errdefs"
-	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/network"
-	mobyclient "github.com/moby/moby/client"
+	containernetwork "github.com/moby/moby/api/types/network"
+	"github.com/moby/moby/client"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )

-func TestIsAddressPoolExhausted(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.True(t, isAddressPoolExhausted(cerrdefs.ErrInvalidArgument.WithMessage("Error response from daemon: all predefined address pools have been fully subnetted")))
-	assert.True(t, isAddressPoolExhausted(errors.New("could not find an available, non-overlapping IPv4 address pool among the defaults to assign to the network")))
-	assert.False(t, isAddressPoolExhausted(cerrdefs.ErrInvalidArgument.WithMessage("invalid subnet 10.0.0.0/8: it overlaps with an existing network")))
+type fakeDockerNetworkClient struct {
+	listResult   client.NetworkListResult
+	inspectByID  map[string][]client.NetworkInspectResult
+	inspectCalls map[string]int
+	removeCalls  []string
+	removeErrs   map[string][]error
+	removeIdx    map[string]int
 }

-// Of this runner's networks, only the ones nothing is attached to and old enough to predate
-// any job now starting are the runner's to reclaim. An unexpected NetworkRemove fails the
-// test on its own, since testify has no expectation to match it against.
-func TestRemoveOrphanNetworks(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	cutoff := time.Date(2026, time.April, 29, 20, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
-	client := &mockDockerClient{}
-	client.On("NetworkList", ctx, mobyclient.NetworkListOptions{
-		Filters: make(mobyclient.Filters).Add("label", runnerUUIDLabel+"=runner-1"),
-	}).Return(mobyclient.NetworkListResult{Items: []network.Summary{
-		{Network: network.Network{ID: "orphan"}},
-		{Network: network.Network{ID: "busy"}},
-		{Network: network.Network{ID: "starting"}},
-	}}, nil)
-	client.On("NetworkInspect", ctx, "orphan", mobyclient.NetworkInspectOptions{}).
-		Return(mobyclient.NetworkInspectResult{}, nil)
-	client.On("NetworkInspect", ctx, "busy", mobyclient.NetworkInspectOptions{}).
-		Return(mobyclient.NetworkInspectResult{Network: network.Inspect{Containers: map[string]network.EndpointResource{"c": {}}}}, nil)
-	client.On("NetworkInspect", ctx, "starting", mobyclient.NetworkInspectOptions{}).
-		Return(mobyclient.NetworkInspectResult{Network: network.Inspect{Network: network.Network{Created: cutoff.Add(time.Second)}}}, nil)
-	client.On("NetworkRemove", ctx, "orphan", mobyclient.NetworkRemoveOptions{}).
-		Return(mobyclient.NetworkRemoveResult{}, nil)
-
-	require.NoError(t, removeOrphanNetworks(ctx, client, "runner-1", cutoff))
-	client.AssertExpectations(t)
+func (f *fakeDockerNetworkClient) NetworkList(context.Context, client.NetworkListOptions) (client.NetworkListResult, error) {
+	return f.listResult, nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeDockerNetworkClient) NetworkInspect(_ context.Context, networkID string, _ client.NetworkInspectOptions) (client.NetworkInspectResult, error) {
+	idx := f.inspectCalls[networkID]
+	f.inspectCalls[networkID] = idx + 1
+	results := f.inspectByID[networkID]
+	if len(results) == 0 {
+		return client.NetworkInspectResult{}, nil
+	}
+	if idx >= len(results) {
+		return results[len(results)-1], nil
+	}
+	return results[idx], nil
+}
+
+func (f *fakeDockerNetworkClient) NetworkRemove(_ context.Context, networkID string, _ client.NetworkRemoveOptions) (client.NetworkRemoveResult, error) {
+	f.removeCalls = append(f.removeCalls, networkID)
+	idx := f.removeIdx[networkID]
+	f.removeIdx[networkID] = idx + 1
+	if errs := f.removeErrs[networkID]; idx < len(errs) {
+		return client.NetworkRemoveResult{}, errs[idx]
+	}
+	return client.NetworkRemoveResult{}, nil
+}
+
+func TestRemoveDockerNetworksRetriesUntilEndpointsDetach(t *testing.T) {
+	originalInterval := dockerNetworkRemoveRetryInterval
+	originalTimeout := dockerNetworkRemoveTimeout
+	dockerNetworkRemoveRetryInterval = time.Millisecond
+	dockerNetworkRemoveTimeout = 50 * time.Millisecond
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		dockerNetworkRemoveRetryInterval = originalInterval
+		dockerNetworkRemoveTimeout = originalTimeout
+	})
+
+	cli := &fakeDockerNetworkClient{
+		listResult: client.NetworkListResult{
+			Items: []containernetwork.Summary{{Network: containernetwork.Network{ID: "n1", Name: "test"}}},
+		},
+		inspectByID: map[string][]client.NetworkInspectResult{
+			"n1": {
+				{Network: containernetwork.Inspect{Containers: map[string]containernetwork.EndpointResource{"c1": {}}}},
+				{Network: containernetwork.Inspect{Containers: map[string]containernetwork.EndpointResource{}}},
+			},
+		},
+		inspectCalls: map[string]int{},
+		removeErrs:   map[string][]error{},
+		removeIdx:    map[string]int{},
+	}
+
+	err := removeDockerNetworks(context.Background(), cli, "test")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"n1"}, cli.removeCalls)
+	assert.GreaterOrEqual(t, cli.inspectCalls["n1"], 2)
+}
+
+func TestRemoveDockerNetworksStopsRetryingAfterTimeout(t *testing.T) {
+	originalInterval := dockerNetworkRemoveRetryInterval
+	originalTimeout := dockerNetworkRemoveTimeout
+	dockerNetworkRemoveRetryInterval = time.Millisecond
+	dockerNetworkRemoveTimeout = 5 * time.Millisecond
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		dockerNetworkRemoveRetryInterval = originalInterval
+		dockerNetworkRemoveTimeout = originalTimeout
+	})
+
+	cli := &fakeDockerNetworkClient{
+		listResult: client.NetworkListResult{
+			Items: []containernetwork.Summary{{Network: containernetwork.Network{ID: "n1", Name: "test"}}},
+		},
+		inspectByID: map[string][]client.NetworkInspectResult{
+			"n1": {
+				{Network: containernetwork.Inspect{Containers: map[string]containernetwork.EndpointResource{"c1": {}}}},
+			},
+		},
+		inspectCalls: map[string]int{},
+		removeErrs:   map[string][]error{},
+		removeIdx:    map[string]int{},
+	}
+
+	err := removeDockerNetworks(context.Background(), cli, "test")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Empty(t, cli.removeCalls)
+	assert.Positive(t, cli.inspectCalls["n1"])
 }
--- a/act/container/docker_pull.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_pull.go
@@ -30,19 +30,23 @@ func NewDockerPullExecutor(input NewDockerPullExecutorInput) common.Executor {
 			return nil
 		}

-		// skip the pull when the image is already here: either none was forced, or a digest
-		// pins the content so a forced pull could only fetch the same bytes again
-		if !input.ForcePull || isPinnedImage(input.Image) {
+		pull := input.ForcePull
+		if !pull {
 			imageExists, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, input.Image, input.Platform)
 			logger.Debugf("Image exists? %v", imageExists)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("unable to determine if image already exists for image '%s' (%s): %w", input.Image, input.Platform, err)
 			}
-			if imageExists {
-				return nil
+
+			if !imageExists {
+				pull = true
 			}
 		}

+		if !pull {
+			return nil
+		}
+
 		imageRef := cleanImage(ctx, input.Image)
 		logger.Debugf("pulling image '%v' (%s)", imageRef, input.Platform)

@@ -57,33 +61,21 @@ func NewDockerPullExecutor(input NewDockerPullExecutorInput) common.Executor {
 			return err
 		}

-		// the daemon reports a failure that happens after the first progress line in the
-		// stream rather than on the call itself, so both have to be checked
-		pullOnce := func(opts client.ImagePullOptions) error {
-			reader, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, imageRef, opts)
-			streamErr := logDockerResponse(logger, reader, err != nil)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			return streamErr
-		}
+		reader, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, imageRef, imagePullOptions)

-		err = pullOnce(imagePullOptions)
-		if err != nil && imagePullOptions.RegistryAuth != "" && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unauthorized") {
+		_ = logDockerResponse(logger, reader, err != nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			if imagePullOptions.RegistryAuth != "" && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unauthorized") {
 				logger.Errorf("pulling image '%v' (%s) failed with credentials %s retrying without them, please check for stale docker config files", imageRef, input.Platform, err.Error())
 				imagePullOptions.RegistryAuth = ""
-			err = pullOnce(imagePullOptions)
+				reader, err = cli.ImagePull(ctx, imageRef, imagePullOptions)
+
+				_ = logDockerResponse(logger, reader, err != nil)
+			}
+			return err
 		}
-		if err == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-		// a registry that is down should not fail a job whose image is already here
-		if exists, existsErr := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, input.Image, input.Platform); existsErr == nil && exists {
-			logger.Warnf("could not update image '%s' (%s), continuing with the local copy: %v", imageRef, input.Platform, err)
-			return nil
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to pull image '%s' (%s): %w", imageRef, input.Platform, err)
-	}
 }

 func getImagePullOptions(ctx context.Context, input NewDockerPullExecutorInput) (client.ImagePullOptions, error) {
@@ -128,15 +120,6 @@ func getImagePullOptions(ctx context.Context, input NewDockerPullExecutorInput)
 	return imagePullOptions, nil
 }

-func isPinnedImage(image string) bool {
-	ref, err := reference.ParseAnyReference(image)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	_, pinned := ref.(reference.Canonical)
-	return pinned
-}
-
 func cleanImage(ctx context.Context, imageName string) string {
 	ref, err := reference.ParseAnyReference(imageName)
 	if err != nil {
--- a/act/container/docker_pull_test.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_pull_test.go
@@ -6,15 +6,11 @@ package container

 import (
 	"context"
-	"io"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"

 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus/hooks/test"
 	assert "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )

 func init() {
@@ -44,9 +40,6 @@ func TestCleanImage(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetImagePullOptions(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()

-	orig := config.Dir()
-	t.Cleanup(func() { config.SetDir(orig) })
-
 	config.SetDir("/non-existent/docker")

 	options, err := getImagePullOptions(ctx, NewDockerPullExecutorInput{})
@@ -69,21 +62,3 @@ func TestGetImagePullOptions(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create ImagePullOptions") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 	assert.Equal(t, "eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6InVzZXJuYW1lIiwicGFzc3dvcmQiOiJwYXNzd29yZFxuIiwic2VydmVyYWRkcmVzcyI6Imh0dHBzOi8vaW5kZXguZG9ja2VyLmlvL3YxLyJ9", options.RegistryAuth, "RegistryAuth should be taken from local docker config")
 }
-
-// A digest-pinned image is immutable, so its local copy is always current.
-func TestIsPinnedImage(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.True(t, isPinnedImage("alpine@sha256:28bd5fe8b56d1bd048e5babf5b10710ebe0bae67db86916198a6eec434943f8b"))
-	assert.False(t, isPinnedImage("alpine:latest"))
-}
-
-// The pull path reports a failure the daemon sent mid-stream, so it must carry the reason
-// whichever of the two shapes the daemon used.
-func TestLogDockerResponseError(t *testing.T) {
-	logger, _ := test.NewNullLogger()
-	streamErr := func(line string) error {
-		return logDockerResponse(logger, io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(line)), false)
-	}
-	require.EqualError(t, streamErr(`{"error":"toomanyrequests: rate limit exceeded"}`), "toomanyrequests: rate limit exceeded")
-	require.EqualError(t, streamErr(`{"errorDetail":{"message":"unexpected EOF"}}`), "unexpected EOF")
-	require.NoError(t, streamErr(`{"status":"Downloading"}`))
-}
--- a/act/container/docker_run.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_run.go
@@ -14,21 +14,18 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
-	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
 	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
-	"time"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/filecollector"

 	"dario.cat/mergo"
 	"github.com/Masterminds/semver"
-	cerrdefs "github.com/containerd/errdefs"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/compose/loader"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/connhelper"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5/helper/polyfill"
@@ -36,6 +33,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing/format/gitignore"
 	"github.com/gobwas/glob"
 	"github.com/joho/godotenv"
+	"github.com/kballard/go-shellquote"
 	"github.com/moby/moby/api/pkg/stdcopy"
 	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/mount"
@@ -43,26 +41,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/system"
 	"github.com/moby/moby/client"
 	specs "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 )

-// drainGracePeriod bounds how long we wait for an output-copy goroutine to
-// finish draining a container's output before returning, so that neither a
-// cancellation (waitForCommand) nor a normal container exit (wait) truncates
-// the tail of the log. It is a safety bound: in the common case the stream
-// reaches EOF and the goroutine returns well before this elapses.
-const drainGracePeriod = 2 * time.Second
-
 // NewContainer creates a reference to a container
 func NewContainer(input *NewContainerInput) ExecutionsEnvironment {
 	cr := new(containerReference)
 	cr.input = input
-	// Resolved up front because the image pull runs before the container is created.
-	cf := createFlagsFromOptions(input.Options)
-	if cf.platform != "" {
-		cr.input.Platform = cf.platform
-	}
-	cr.pullPolicy = cf.pull
 	return cr
 }

@@ -143,11 +128,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) Start(attach bool) common.Executor {
 }

 func (cr *containerReference) Pull(forcePull bool) common.Executor {
-	if cr.pullPolicy == pullPolicyNever {
-		return common.NewInfoExecutor("docker pull skipped image=%s, --pull=never in the options", cr.input.Image)
-	}
-	forcePull = forcePull || cr.pullPolicy == pullPolicyAlways
-
 	return common.
 		NewInfoExecutor("docker pull image=%s platform=%s username=%s forcePull=%t", cr.input.Image, cr.input.Platform, cr.input.Username, forcePull).
 		Then(
@@ -172,8 +152,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) Copy(destPath string, files ...*FileEntry) common.
 func (cr *containerReference) CopyDir(destPath, srcPath string, useGitIgnore bool) common.Executor {
 	return common.NewPipelineExecutor(
 		common.NewInfoExecutor("docker cp src=%s dst=%s", srcPath, destPath),
-		cr.connect(),
-		cr.find(),
 		cr.copyDir(destPath, srcPath, useGitIgnore),
 		func(ctx context.Context) error {
 			// If this fails, then folders have wrong permissions on non root container
@@ -189,16 +167,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) GetContainerArchive(ctx context.Context, srcPath s
 	if common.Dryrun(ctx) {
 		return nil, errors.New("DRYRUN is not supported in GetContainerArchive")
 	}
-	// Direct entry point (no pipeline) — revalidate cr.id ourselves.
-	if err := cr.connect()(ctx); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if err := cr.find()(ctx); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if cr.id == "" {
-		return nil, cr.missingContainerError("get archive %s", srcPath)
-	}
 	result, err := cr.cli.CopyFromContainer(ctx, cr.id, client.CopyFromContainerOptions{SourcePath: srcPath})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -246,13 +214,8 @@ type containerReference struct {
 	cli   client.APIClient
 	id    string
 	input *NewContainerInput
-	pullPolicy string
 	UID   int
 	GID   int
-	// attachDone is closed by the attach() streaming goroutine once it has
-	// drained and flushed the container's output. wait() blocks on it so the
-	// tail of the log lands before the step proceeds.
-	attachDone chan struct{}
 	LinuxContainerEnvironmentExtensions
 }

@@ -351,23 +314,11 @@ func (cr *containerReference) Close() common.Executor {
 	}
 }

-// missingContainerError is the shared "container X does not exist" error
-// used by ops that need a live cr.id.
-func (cr *containerReference) missingContainerError(format string, args ...any) error {
-	return fmt.Errorf("container %q does not exist; cannot "+format, append([]any{cr.input.Name}, args...)...)
-}
-
 func (cr *containerReference) find() common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		if cr.id != "" {
-			// Validate cached id; clear only on definitive NotFound so a
-			// transient daemon error doesn't abort cleanup pipelines.
-			_, err := cr.cli.ContainerInspect(ctx, cr.id, client.ContainerInspectOptions{})
-			if !cerrdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
 			return nil
 		}
-			cr.id = ""
-		}
 		containers, err := cr.cli.ContainerList(ctx, client.ContainerListOptions{
 			All: true,
 		})
@@ -384,75 +335,32 @@ func (cr *containerReference) find() common.Executor {
 			}
 		}

+		cr.id = ""
 		return nil
 	}
 }

 func (cr *containerReference) remove() common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		idOrName := cr.id
-		if idOrName == "" && cr.input != nil {
-			idOrName = cr.input.Name
-		}
-		if idOrName == "" {
+		if cr.id == "" {
 			return nil
 		}

 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-		// Kill first so removal never waits out a daemon's stop timeout: Docker kills outright
-		// on a forced remove, Podman sends SIGTERM and waits. Only worth it for a container
-		// this started, and removal can still deal with one it could not kill.
-		if cr.id != "" {
-			_, err := cr.cli.ContainerKill(ctx, cr.id, client.ContainerKillOptions{Signal: "SIGKILL"})
-			if err != nil && !cerrdefs.IsConflict(err) && !cerrdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
-				logger.Debugf("Container %s could not be killed: %v", cr.id, err)
-			}
-		}
-		_, err := cr.cli.ContainerRemove(ctx, idOrName, client.ContainerRemoveOptions{
+		_, err := cr.cli.ContainerRemove(ctx, cr.id, client.ContainerRemoveOptions{
 			RemoveVolumes: true,
 			Force:         true,
 		})
-		switch {
-		case cerrdefs.IsConflict(err):
-			// the daemon's own AutoRemove teardown is running, and it releases the volume
-			// references and the network endpoint only once it finishes
-			cr.waitForRemoval(ctx, idOrName)
-		case err != nil && !cerrdefs.IsNotFound(err):
-			logger.Error(fmt.Errorf("failed to remove container %s: %w", idOrName, err))
-			return nil // keep the id, the container is still there for a later Remove()
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Error(fmt.Errorf("failed to remove container: %w", err))
 		}

-		logger.Debugf("Removed container: %v", idOrName)
+		logger.Debugf("Removed container: %v", cr.id)
 		cr.id = ""
 		return nil
 	}
 }

-func (cr *containerReference) waitForRemoval(ctx context.Context, idOrName string) {
-	// per container, against the one minute the post-job executor allows for the whole
-	// cleanup, so a job with several services can spend most of that budget here
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 15*time.Second)
-	defer cancel()
-
-	waitResult := cr.cli.ContainerWait(ctx, idOrName, client.ContainerWaitOptions{
-		Condition: container.WaitConditionRemoved,
-	})
-	select {
-	case <-waitResult.Result:
-	case <-waitResult.Error:
-	case <-ctx.Done():
-		// the client delivers the result over an unbuffered channel, so leave a receiver
-		// behind or its goroutine parks on the send for the lifetime of the process
-		go func() {
-			select {
-			case <-waitResult.Result:
-			case <-waitResult.Error:
-			}
-		}()
-		common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("Timed out waiting for the daemon to remove container %s, its volumes and network may be left behind", idOrName)
-	}
-}
-
 func (cr *containerReference) mergeContainerConfigs(ctx context.Context, config *container.Config, hostConfig *container.HostConfig) (*container.Config, *container.HostConfig, error) {
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 	input := cr.input
@@ -462,13 +370,17 @@ func (cr *containerReference) mergeContainerConfigs(ctx context.Context, config
 	}

 	// parse configuration from CLI container.options
-	flags, copts, cf, err := parseContainerOptions(input.Options)
+	flags := pflag.NewFlagSet("container_flags", pflag.ContinueOnError)
+	copts := addFlags(flags)
+
+	optionsArgs, err := shellquote.Split(input.Options)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot split container options: '%s': '%w'", input.Options, err)
 	}

-	if err := cf.validate(); err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot process container options: '%s': '%w'", input.Options, err)
+	err = flags.Parse(optionsArgs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot parse container options: '%s': '%w'", input.Options, err)
 	}

 	// FIXME: If everything is fine after gitea/act v0.260.0, remove the following comment.
@@ -502,16 +414,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) mergeContainerConfigs(ctx context.Context, config
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot process container options: '%s': '%w'", input.Options, err)
 	}

-	// For Gitea
-	// When privileged mode is disabled, container.options is workflow-controlled
-	// untrusted input. Strip the HostConfig fields that would let a workflow break
-	// out of the container (host namespaces, capability expansion, security profile
-	// overrides, device and runtime access). Otherwise these survive into the final
-	// HostConfig even though --privileged is forced off.
-	if !hostConfig.Privileged {
-		sanitizeOptionsHostConfig(logger, containerConfig.HostConfig)
-	}
-
 	logger.Debugf("Custom container.Config from options ==> %+v", containerConfig.Config)

 	err = mergo.Merge(config, containerConfig.Config, mergo.WithOverride, mergo.WithAppendSlice)
@@ -522,7 +424,8 @@ func (cr *containerReference) mergeContainerConfigs(ctx context.Context, config

 	logger.Debugf("Custom container.HostConfig from options ==> %+v", containerConfig.HostConfig)

-	overlayVolumes(hostConfig, containerConfig.HostConfig)
+	hostConfig.Binds = append(hostConfig.Binds, containerConfig.HostConfig.Binds...)
+	hostConfig.Mounts = append(hostConfig.Mounts, containerConfig.HostConfig.Mounts...)
 	binds := hostConfig.Binds
 	mounts := hostConfig.Mounts
 	networkMode := hostConfig.NetworkMode
@@ -532,9 +435,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) mergeContainerConfigs(ctx context.Context, config
 	}
 	hostConfig.Binds = binds
 	hostConfig.Mounts = mounts
-	if cf.name != "" {
-		logger.Warn("--name in the options will be ignored.")
-	}
 	if len(copts.netMode.Value()) > 0 {
 		logger.Warn("--network and --net in the options will be ignored.")
 	}
@@ -692,9 +592,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) extractFromImageEnv(env *map[string]string) common

 func (cr *containerReference) exec(cmd []string, env map[string]string, user, workdir string) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		if cr.id == "" {
-			return cr.missingContainerError("exec %v", cmd)
-		}
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 		// Fix slashes when running on Windows
 		if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
@@ -806,9 +703,7 @@ func (cr *containerReference) tryReadGID() common.Executor {
 func (cr *containerReference) waitForCommand(ctx context.Context, isTerminal bool, resp client.HijackedResponse, _ client.ExecCreateResult, _, _ string) error {
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)

-	// Buffered so the copy goroutine never blocks on send if the grace-period
-	// drain below times out and no one is left to receive.
-	cmdResponse := make(chan error, 1)
+	cmdResponse := make(chan error)

 	go func() {
 		var outWriter io.Writer
@@ -827,11 +722,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) waitForCommand(ctx context.Context, isTerminal boo
 		} else {
 			_, err = io.Copy(outWriter, resp.Reader)
 		}
-		// Flush any buffered, not-yet-newline-terminated trailing line so the
-		// final line of a command's output is not lost (e.g. an error message
-		// printed without a trailing newline before the process exits).
-		common.FlushWriter(outWriter)
-		common.FlushWriter(errWriter)
 		cmdResponse <- err
 	}()

@@ -843,16 +733,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) waitForCommand(ctx context.Context, isTerminal boo
 			logger.Warnf("Failed to send CTRL+C: %+s", err)
 		}

-		// Give the copy goroutine a brief grace period to drain output already
-		// produced by the command before we return, so cancellation does not
-		// truncate the tail of the log. The goroutine exits once the hijacked
-		// stream is closed by resp.Close() in the caller's defer.
-		select {
-		case <-cmdResponse:
-		case <-time.After(drainGracePeriod):
-			logger.Warn("Timed out draining command output after cancellation")
-		}
-
 		// we return the context canceled error to prevent other steps
 		// from executing
 		return ctx.Err()
@@ -865,59 +745,20 @@ func (cr *containerReference) waitForCommand(ctx context.Context, isTerminal boo
 	}
 }

-// mkdirInContainer creates containerPath and returns it with the symlinked components
-// replaced by the targets the daemon reports for them. Docker 29.7 rejects tar entries
-// traversing a symlink to an absolute target, like the "/var/run" of most images, with
-// "path escapes from parent", and not every daemon creates the implied parents of a
-// directory entry, so one entry per missing component is extracted at the deepest
-// existing ancestor.
-// WORKAROUND: https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/53258
-func (cr *containerReference) mkdirInContainer(ctx context.Context, containerPath string) (string, error) {
-	parts := strings.Split(strings.Trim(path.Clean(containerPath), "/"), "/")
-	existing := "/"
-	for i, part := range parts {
-		if part == "" {
-			return existing, nil
-		}
-		stat, err := cr.cli.ContainerStatPath(ctx, cr.id, client.ContainerStatPathOptions{Path: path.Join(existing, part)})
-		if err != nil {
-			// nothing below exists either, so create the remaining components
-			return path.Join(existing, path.Join(parts[i:]...)), cr.mkdirEntries(ctx, existing, parts[i:])
-		}
-		existing = path.Join(existing, part)
-		if target := stat.Stat.LinkTarget; target != "" {
-			if !path.IsAbs(target) {
-				target = path.Join(path.Dir(existing), target)
-			}
-			existing = target
-		}
-	}
-	return existing, nil
-}
-
-func (cr *containerReference) mkdirEntries(ctx context.Context, destPath string, missing []string) error {
+func (cr *containerReference) CopyTarStream(ctx context.Context, destPath string, tarStream io.Reader) error {
+	// Mkdir
 	buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
 	tw := tar.NewWriter(buf)
-	for i := range missing {
 	_ = tw.WriteHeader(&tar.Header{
-			Name:     path.Join(missing[:i+1]...),
+		Name:     destPath,
 		Mode:     0o777,
 		Typeflag: tar.TypeDir,
 	})
-	}
 	tw.Close()
 	_, err := cr.cli.CopyToContainer(ctx, cr.id, client.CopyToContainerOptions{
-		DestinationPath: destPath,
+		DestinationPath: "/",
 		Content:         buf,
 	})
-	return err
-}
-
-func (cr *containerReference) CopyTarStream(ctx context.Context, destPath string, tarStream io.Reader) error {
-	if cr.id == "" {
-		return cr.missingContainerError("copy to %s", destPath)
-	}
-	destPath, err := cr.mkdirInContainer(ctx, destPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to mkdir to copy content to container: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -938,14 +779,7 @@ func (cr *containerReference) CopyTarStream(ctx context.Context, destPath string

 func (cr *containerReference) copyDir(dstPath, srcPath string, useGitIgnore bool) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		if cr.id == "" {
-			return cr.missingContainerError("copy directory to %s", dstPath)
-		}
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-		dstPath, err := cr.mkdirInContainer(ctx, dstPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to mkdir to copy directory to container: %w", err)
-		}
 		tarFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "act")
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -1019,9 +853,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) copyDir(dstPath, srcPath string, useGitIgnore bool

 func (cr *containerReference) copyContent(dstPath string, files ...*FileEntry) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		if cr.id == "" {
-			return cr.missingContainerError("copy to %s", dstPath)
-		}
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 		var buf bytes.Buffer
 		tw := tar.NewWriter(&buf)
@@ -1078,23 +909,14 @@ func (cr *containerReference) attach() common.Executor {
 		if errWriter == nil {
 			errWriter = os.Stderr
 		}
-		done := make(chan struct{})
-		cr.attachDone = done
 		go func() {
-			defer close(done)
-			var copyErr error
 			if !isTerminal || os.Getenv("NORAW") != "" {
-				_, copyErr = stdcopy.StdCopy(outWriter, errWriter, out.Reader)
+				_, err = stdcopy.StdCopy(outWriter, errWriter, out.Reader)
 			} else {
-				_, copyErr = io.Copy(outWriter, out.Reader)
+				_, err = io.Copy(outWriter, out.Reader)
 			}
-			// Flush any buffered, not-yet-newline-terminated trailing line once
-			// the stream reaches EOF, so the final line of the container's
-			// output is not lost when it is not newline-terminated.
-			common.FlushWriter(outWriter)
-			common.FlushWriter(errWriter)
-			if copyErr != nil {
-				common.Logger(ctx).Error(copyErr)
+			if err != nil {
+				common.Logger(ctx).Error(err)
 			}
 		}()
 		return nil
@@ -1133,18 +955,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) wait() common.Executor {

 		logger.Debugf("Return status: %v", statusCode)

-		// The container has exited; wait for the attach() streaming goroutine to
-		// finish draining and flushing its output before returning, so the tail
-		// of the log is not lost. Bounded so a stuck stream cannot hang the step.
-		if cr.attachDone != nil {
-			select {
-			case <-cr.attachDone:
-			case <-time.After(drainGracePeriod):
-				logger.Warn("Timed out draining container output")
-			}
-			cr.attachDone = nil
-		}
-
 		if statusCode == 0 {
 			return nil
 		}
@@ -1153,77 +963,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) wait() common.Executor {
 	}
 }

-// For Gitea
-// sanitizeOptionsHostConfig clears the HostConfig fields parsed from a
-// workflow-controlled container.options string that could be used to escape the
-// container when privileged mode is disabled. It must only be called when the
-// runner has privileged mode turned off; with privileged mode enabled the
-// administrator has already opted into host access.
-func sanitizeOptionsHostConfig(logger logrus.FieldLogger, hostConfig *container.HostConfig) {
-	warn := func(option string) {
-		logger.Warnf("container option %q is not allowed when privileged mode is disabled and will be ignored", option)
-	}
-
-	if hostConfig.PidMode != "" {
-		warn("--pid")
-		hostConfig.PidMode = ""
-	}
-	if hostConfig.IpcMode != "" {
-		warn("--ipc")
-		hostConfig.IpcMode = ""
-	}
-	if hostConfig.UTSMode != "" {
-		warn("--uts")
-		hostConfig.UTSMode = ""
-	}
-	if hostConfig.CgroupnsMode != "" {
-		warn("--cgroupns")
-		hostConfig.CgroupnsMode = ""
-	}
-	// UsernsMode is set from the runner-controlled input; never let options
-	// override it (e.g. --userns=host disables user namespace remapping).
-	if hostConfig.UsernsMode != "" {
-		warn("--userns")
-		hostConfig.UsernsMode = ""
-	}
-	if len(hostConfig.CapAdd) > 0 {
-		warn("--cap-add")
-		hostConfig.CapAdd = nil
-	}
-	if len(hostConfig.SecurityOpt) > 0 {
-		warn("--security-opt")
-		hostConfig.SecurityOpt = nil
-	}
-	if len(hostConfig.Devices) > 0 {
-		warn("--device")
-		hostConfig.Devices = nil
-	}
-	if len(hostConfig.DeviceCgroupRules) > 0 {
-		warn("--device-cgroup-rule")
-		hostConfig.DeviceCgroupRules = nil
-	}
-	if len(hostConfig.DeviceRequests) > 0 {
-		warn("--gpus")
-		hostConfig.DeviceRequests = nil
-	}
-	if len(hostConfig.VolumesFrom) > 0 {
-		warn("--volumes-from")
-		hostConfig.VolumesFrom = nil
-	}
-	if hostConfig.Runtime != "" {
-		warn("--runtime")
-		hostConfig.Runtime = ""
-	}
-	if hostConfig.CgroupParent != "" {
-		warn("--cgroup-parent")
-		hostConfig.CgroupParent = ""
-	}
-	if len(hostConfig.Sysctls) > 0 {
-		warn("--sysctl")
-		hostConfig.Sysctls = nil
-	}
-}
-
 // For Gitea
 // sanitizeConfig remove the invalid configurations from `config` and `hostConfig`
 func (cr *containerReference) sanitizeConfig(ctx context.Context, config *container.Config, hostConfig *container.HostConfig) (*container.Config, *container.HostConfig) {
@@ -1269,34 +1008,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) sanitizeConfig(ctx context.Context, config *contai
 	return config, hostConfig
 }

-// bindTarget returns the container path a bind mounts onto, empty if it cannot be parsed.
-func bindTarget(bind string) string {
-	parsed, err := loader.ParseVolume(bind)
-	if err != nil {
-		return ""
-	}
-	return parsed.Target
-}
-
-// overlayVolumes appends src's volumes to dst, dropping the dst ones they mount over. Docker
-// rejects two mounts on one target, so the volumes declared last have to win.
-func overlayVolumes(dst, src *container.HostConfig) {
-	claimed := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, bind := range src.Binds {
-		if target := bindTarget(bind); target != "" {
-			claimed[target] = true
-		}
-	}
-	for _, mt := range src.Mounts {
-		claimed[mt.Target] = true
-	}
-
-	dst.Binds = append(slices.DeleteFunc(slices.Clone(dst.Binds),
-		func(bind string) bool { return claimed[bindTarget(bind)] }), src.Binds...)
-	dst.Mounts = append(slices.DeleteFunc(slices.Clone(dst.Mounts),
-		func(mt mount.Mount) bool { return claimed[mt.Target] }), src.Mounts...)
-}
-
 type validVolumeMatcher struct {
 	allowAll bool
 	named    []glob.Glob
--- a/act/container/docker_run_test.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_run_test.go
@@ -5,11 +5,9 @@
 package container

 import (
-	"archive/tar"
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"encoding/binary"
 	"errors"
 	"io"
 	"net"
@@ -21,10 +19,7 @@ import (

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"

-	cerrdefs "github.com/containerd/errdefs"
-	"github.com/moby/moby/api/pkg/stdcopy"
 	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/container"
-	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/mount"
 	mobyclient "github.com/moby/moby/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus/hooks/test"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
@@ -33,10 +28,14 @@ import (
 )

 func TestDocker(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	client, err := GetDockerClient(ctx)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Skipf("skipping integration test: %v", err)
+	}
 	defer client.Close()

 	dockerBuild := NewDockerBuildExecutor(NewDockerBuildExecutorInput{
@@ -93,16 +92,6 @@ func (m *mockDockerClient) ExecInspect(ctx context.Context, execID string, opts
 	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ExecInspectResult), args.Error(1)
 }

-func (m *mockDockerClient) ContainerStatPath(ctx context.Context, containerID string, opts mobyclient.ContainerStatPathOptions) (mobyclient.ContainerStatPathResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, containerID, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ContainerStatPathResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
-func (m *mockDockerClient) ContainerAttach(ctx context.Context, containerID string, opts mobyclient.ContainerAttachOptions) (mobyclient.ContainerAttachResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, containerID, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ContainerAttachResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
 func (m *mockDockerClient) ContainerWait(ctx context.Context, containerID string, opts mobyclient.ContainerWaitOptions) mobyclient.ContainerWaitResult {
 	args := m.Called(ctx, containerID, opts)
 	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ContainerWaitResult)
@@ -113,41 +102,6 @@ func (m *mockDockerClient) CopyToContainer(ctx context.Context, id string, optio
 	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult), args.Error(1)
 }

-func (m *mockDockerClient) ContainerInspect(ctx context.Context, id string, opts mobyclient.ContainerInspectOptions) (mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, id, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
-func (m *mockDockerClient) ContainerList(ctx context.Context, opts mobyclient.ContainerListOptions) (mobyclient.ContainerListResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ContainerListResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
-func (m *mockDockerClient) ContainerRemove(ctx context.Context, id string, opts mobyclient.ContainerRemoveOptions) (mobyclient.ContainerRemoveResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, id, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ContainerRemoveResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
-func (m *mockDockerClient) ContainerKill(ctx context.Context, id string, opts mobyclient.ContainerKillOptions) (mobyclient.ContainerKillResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, id, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ContainerKillResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
-func (m *mockDockerClient) NetworkList(ctx context.Context, opts mobyclient.NetworkListOptions) (mobyclient.NetworkListResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.NetworkListResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
-func (m *mockDockerClient) NetworkInspect(ctx context.Context, id string, opts mobyclient.NetworkInspectOptions) (mobyclient.NetworkInspectResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, id, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.NetworkInspectResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
-func (m *mockDockerClient) NetworkRemove(ctx context.Context, id string, opts mobyclient.NetworkRemoveOptions) (mobyclient.NetworkRemoveResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, id, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.NetworkRemoveResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
 type endlessReader struct {
 	io.Reader
 }
@@ -245,71 +199,6 @@ func TestDockerExecFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	client.AssertExpectations(t)
 }

-// stdcopyFrame wraps payload in a single Docker multiplexed-stream frame, the
-// format StdCopy expects: an 8-byte header (stream type + 4-byte big-endian
-// length) followed by the payload.
-func stdcopyFrame(stream stdcopy.StdType, payload string) []byte {
-	b := make([]byte, 8+len(payload))
-	b[0] = byte(stream)
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(b[4:8], uint32(len(payload)))
-	copy(b[8:], payload)
-	return b
-}
-
-// TestDockerAttachFlushesTrailingLine verifies that wait() blocks until the
-// attach() streaming goroutine has drained and flushed the container's output,
-// so a final line without a trailing newline is not lost.
-func TestDockerAttachFlushesTrailingLine(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	framed := bytes.NewBuffer(stdcopyFrame(stdcopy.Stdout, "line one\nlast line without newline"))
-
-	var lines []string
-	logWriter := common.NewLineWriter(func(s string) bool {
-		lines = append(lines, s)
-		return true
-	})
-
-	client := &mockDockerClient{}
-	client.On("ContainerAttach", ctx, "123", mock.AnythingOfType("client.ContainerAttachOptions")).
-		Return(mobyclient.ContainerAttachResult{
-			HijackedResponse: mobyclient.HijackedResponse{
-				Conn:   &mockConn{},
-				Reader: bufio.NewReader(framed),
-			},
-		}, nil)
-
-	statusCh := make(chan container.WaitResponse, 1)
-	statusCh <- container.WaitResponse{StatusCode: 0}
-	errCh := make(chan error, 1)
-	client.On("ContainerWait", ctx, "123", mobyclient.ContainerWaitOptions{Condition: container.WaitConditionNotRunning}).
-		Return(mobyclient.ContainerWaitResult{
-			Result: (<-chan container.WaitResponse)(statusCh),
-			Error:  (<-chan error)(errCh),
-		})
-
-	cr := &containerReference{
-		id:  "123",
-		cli: client,
-		input: &NewContainerInput{
-			Image:  "image",
-			Stdout: logWriter,
-			Stderr: logWriter,
-		},
-	}
-
-	require.NoError(t, cr.attach()(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, cr.wait()(ctx))
-
-	// wait() must have blocked until the goroutine drained AND flushed; the
-	// trailing, non-newline-terminated line must therefore be present. Reading
-	// lines here is race-free because wait() synchronizes on attachDone, which
-	// the goroutine closes after the final append.
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"line one\n", "last line without newline"}, lines)
-
-	client.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
 func TestDockerWaitFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()

@@ -341,73 +230,16 @@ func TestDockerWaitFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	client.AssertExpectations(t)
 }

-// stubStatPath answers path resolution: the given paths exist, mapped to their target
-// when they are a symlink, everything else does not exist.
-func stubStatPath(client *mockDockerClient, existing map[string]string) {
-	for containerPath, target := range existing {
-		client.On("ContainerStatPath", mock.Anything, "123", mobyclient.ContainerStatPathOptions{Path: containerPath}).
-			Return(mobyclient.ContainerStatPathResult{Stat: container.PathStat{LinkTarget: target}}, nil).Maybe()
-	}
-	client.On("ContainerStatPath", mock.Anything, "123", mock.Anything).
-		Return(mobyclient.ContainerStatPathResult{}, cerrdefs.ErrNotFound).Maybe()
-}
-
-// The mkdir tarball is extracted at the deepest existing ancestor, with entries relative
-// to it that never traverse the "/var/run" symlink, see moby/moby#53258.
 func TestDockerCopyTarStream(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()

-	var mkdirNames []string
 	client := &mockDockerClient{}
-	stubStatPath(client, map[string]string{"/var": "", "/var/run": "/run", "/run": ""})
 	client.On("CopyToContainer", ctx, "123", mock.MatchedBy(func(opts mobyclient.CopyToContainerOptions) bool {
-		if opts.DestinationPath != "/run" || opts.Content == nil {
-			return false
-		}
-		tr := tar.NewReader(opts.Content)
-		for hdr, err := tr.Next(); err == nil; hdr, err = tr.Next() {
-			mkdirNames = append(mkdirNames, hdr.Name)
-		}
-		return true
+		return opts.DestinationPath == "/" && opts.Content != nil
 	})).Return(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult{}, nil)
-	client.On("CopyToContainer", ctx, "123", mock.MatchedBy(func(opts mobyclient.CopyToContainerOptions) bool {
-		return opts.DestinationPath == "/run/act" && opts.Content != nil
-	})).Return(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult{}, nil)
-	cr := &containerReference{
-		id:  "123",
-		cli: client,
-		input: &NewContainerInput{
-			Image: "image",
-		},
-	}
-
-	require.NoError(t, cr.CopyTarStream(ctx, "/var/run/act", &bytes.Buffer{}))
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"act"}, mkdirNames)
-
-	client.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
-func TestDockerCopyTarStreamErrors(t *testing.T) {
-	merr := errors.New("Failure")
-	for _, testCase := range []struct {
-		name     string
-		mkdirErr error
-		copyErr  error
-	}{
-		{"mkdir", merr, nil},
-		{"copy content", nil, merr},
-	} {
-		t.Run(testCase.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			ctx := context.Background()
-
-			client := &mockDockerClient{}
-			stubStatPath(client, map[string]string{"/var": "", "/var/run": ""})
-			client.On("CopyToContainer", ctx, "123", mock.MatchedBy(func(opts mobyclient.CopyToContainerOptions) bool {
-				return opts.DestinationPath == "/var/run" && opts.Content != nil
-			})).Return(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult{}, testCase.mkdirErr)
 	client.On("CopyToContainer", ctx, "123", mock.MatchedBy(func(opts mobyclient.CopyToContainerOptions) bool {
 		return opts.DestinationPath == "/var/run/act" && opts.Content != nil
-			})).Return(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult{}, testCase.copyErr).Maybe()
+	})).Return(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult{}, nil)
 	cr := &containerReference{
 		id:  "123",
 		cli: client,
@@ -416,198 +248,60 @@ func TestDockerCopyTarStreamErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}

-			require.ErrorIs(t, cr.CopyTarStream(ctx, "/var/run/act", &bytes.Buffer{}), merr)
+	_ = cr.CopyTarStream(ctx, "/var/run/act", &bytes.Buffer{})

 	client.AssertExpectations(t)
-		})
-	}
 }

-// A remove that raced the daemon's AutoRemove teardown is not a failure and must not
-// be logged as one.
-func TestRemoveIgnoresAutoRemoveRace(t *testing.T) {
-	removeOpts := mobyclient.ContainerRemoveOptions{RemoveVolumes: true, Force: true}
-	killOpts := mobyclient.ContainerKillOptions{Signal: "SIGKILL"}
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		name        string
-		err         error
-		wantWait    bool
-		wantFailure bool
-	}{
-		{name: "removal in progress", err: cerrdefs.ErrConflict.WithMessage("removal of container abc is already in progress"), wantWait: true},
-		{name: "already removed", err: cerrdefs.ErrNotFound.WithMessage("No such container: abc")},
-		{name: "removed cleanly", err: nil},
-		{name: "real failure", err: errors.New("driver failed to remove root filesystem"), wantFailure: true},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			logger, hook := test.NewNullLogger()
-			ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger)
-			client := &mockDockerClient{}
-			client.On("ContainerKill", ctx, "abc", killOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerKillResult{}, nil)
-			client.On("ContainerRemove", ctx, "abc", removeOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerRemoveResult{}, tc.err)
-			if tc.wantWait {
-				removed := make(chan container.WaitResponse, 1)
-				removed <- container.WaitResponse{}
-				client.On("ContainerWait", mock.Anything, "abc", mobyclient.ContainerWaitOptions{Condition: container.WaitConditionRemoved}).
-					Return(mobyclient.ContainerWaitResult{Result: removed})
-			}
-			cr := &containerReference{id: "abc", cli: client}
-
-			require.NoError(t, cr.remove()(ctx))
-			// a failure keeps the id, so a later Remove() can retry it
-			if tc.wantFailure {
-				assert.Equal(t, "abc", cr.id)
-				assert.Len(t, hook.AllEntries(), 1)
-			} else {
-				assert.Empty(t, cr.id)
-				assert.Empty(t, hook.AllEntries())
-			}
-			client.AssertExpectations(t)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-// A container whose id was never learned, because find() could not reach the daemon or
-// create() lost its reply, must still be removed rather than leaking with its network. It
-// was never started here, so it is not worth a kill of its own.
-func TestRemoveWithoutIDUsesName(t *testing.T) {
+func TestDockerCopyTarStreamErrorInCopyFiles(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	client := &mockDockerClient{}
-	client.On("ContainerRemove", ctx, "job-1", mobyclient.ContainerRemoveOptions{RemoveVolumes: true, Force: true}).
-		Return(mobyclient.ContainerRemoveResult{}, nil)
-	cr := &containerReference{cli: client, input: &NewContainerInput{Name: "job-1"}}

-	require.NoError(t, cr.remove()(ctx))
-	client.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
+	merr := errors.New("Failure")

-// find() must drop a stale cached id so later Copy/Exec don't hit the
-// daemon with a torn-down container.
-func TestFindRevalidatesStaleID(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	notFound := cerrdefs.ErrNotFound.WithMessage("No such container")
-	boom := errors.New("daemon unreachable")
-	newCR := func(id string) (*containerReference, *mockDockerClient) {
 	client := &mockDockerClient{}
-		return &containerReference{id: id, cli: client, input: &NewContainerInput{Name: "job-1"}}, client
+	client.On("CopyToContainer", ctx, "123", mock.MatchedBy(func(opts mobyclient.CopyToContainerOptions) bool {
+		return opts.DestinationPath == "/" && opts.Content != nil
+	})).Return(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult{}, merr)
+	cr := &containerReference{
+		id:  "123",
+		cli: client,
+		input: &NewContainerInput{
+			Image: "image",
+		},
 	}
-	listOpts := mobyclient.ContainerListOptions{All: true}
-	inspectOpts := mobyclient.ContainerInspectOptions{}

-	t.Run("stale id cleared, name lookup empty", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("stale")
-		client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "stale", inspectOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, notFound)
-		client.On("ContainerList", ctx, listOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{}, nil)
-		require.NoError(t, cr.find()(ctx))
-		assert.Empty(t, cr.id)
-		client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
+	err := cr.CopyTarStream(ctx, "/var/run/act", &bytes.Buffer{})
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, err, merr) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act

-	t.Run("stale id cleared, name lookup repopulates", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("stale")
-		client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "stale", inspectOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, notFound)
-		client.On("ContainerList", ctx, listOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{Items: []container.Summary{
-			{ID: "other", Names: []string{"/somebody-else"}},
-			{ID: "fresh", Names: []string{"/job-1"}},
-		}}, nil)
-		require.NoError(t, cr.find()(ctx))
-		assert.Equal(t, "fresh", cr.id)
 	client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("live id kept", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("live")
-		client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "live", inspectOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, nil)
-		require.NoError(t, cr.find()(ctx))
-		assert.Equal(t, "live", cr.id)
-		client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("transient inspect error trusts cache", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("live")
-		client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "live", inspectOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, boom)
-		require.NoError(t, cr.find()(ctx))
-		assert.Equal(t, "live", cr.id)
-		client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("list error propagates", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("")
-		client.On("ContainerList", ctx, listOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{}, boom)
-		require.ErrorIs(t, cr.find()(ctx), boom)
-		client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
 }

-// Every daemon entry point fails fast with a clear, container-named
-// error when no live cr.id is known.
-func TestRejectsMissingContainer(t *testing.T) {
+func TestDockerCopyTarStreamErrorInMkdir(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	client := &mockDockerClient{}
-	client.On("ContainerList", ctx, mobyclient.ContainerListOptions{All: true}).Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{}, nil)
-	cr := &containerReference{cli: client, input: &NewContainerInput{Name: "job-1"}}
-	check := func(op string, err error) {
-		t.Helper()
-		require.Error(t, err, op)
-		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), `container "job-1" does not exist`, op)
-	}
-	check("copyContent", cr.copyContent("/var/run/act", &FileEntry{Name: "x", Mode: 0o644})(ctx))
-	check("copyDir", cr.copyDir("/var/run/act", "/src", false)(ctx))
-	check("CopyTarStream", cr.CopyTarStream(ctx, "/var/run/act", &bytes.Buffer{}))
-	check("exec", cr.exec([]string{"echo"}, nil, "", "")(ctx))
-	_, err := cr.GetContainerArchive(ctx, "/var/run/act/x")
-	check("GetContainerArchive", err)
-}

-// End-to-end: a stale cr.id is cleared, repopulated from name lookup,
-// and the Copy completes against the fresh id.
-func TestPublicCopyPipelineHandlesStaleID(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
+	merr := errors.New("Failure")
+
 	client := &mockDockerClient{}
-	client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "stale", mobyclient.ContainerInspectOptions{}).
-		Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, cerrdefs.ErrNotFound.WithMessage("gone"))
-	client.On("ContainerList", ctx, mobyclient.ContainerListOptions{All: true}).
-		Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{Items: []container.Summary{
-			{ID: "fresh", Names: []string{"/job-1"}},
-		}}, nil)
-	client.On("CopyToContainer", ctx, "fresh", mock.MatchedBy(func(opts mobyclient.CopyToContainerOptions) bool {
-		return opts.DestinationPath == "/var/run/act"
+	client.On("CopyToContainer", ctx, "123", mock.MatchedBy(func(opts mobyclient.CopyToContainerOptions) bool {
+		return opts.DestinationPath == "/" && opts.Content != nil
 	})).Return(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult{}, nil)
+	client.On("CopyToContainer", ctx, "123", mock.MatchedBy(func(opts mobyclient.CopyToContainerOptions) bool {
+		return opts.DestinationPath == "/var/run/act" && opts.Content != nil
+	})).Return(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult{}, merr)
+	cr := &containerReference{
+		id:  "123",
+		cli: client,
+		input: &NewContainerInput{
+			Image: "image",
+		},
+	}
+
+	err := cr.CopyTarStream(ctx, "/var/run/act", &bytes.Buffer{})
+	assert.ErrorIs(t, err, merr) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act

-	cr := &containerReference{id: "stale", cli: client, input: &NewContainerInput{Name: "job-1"}}
-	require.NoError(t, cr.Copy("/var/run/act", &FileEntry{Name: "x", Mode: 0o644})(ctx))
-	assert.Equal(t, "fresh", cr.id)
 	client.AssertExpectations(t)
 }

-// TestDockerCopyToSymlinkPath is a regression test for gitea/runner#981. Most base images
-// symlink /var/run to /run, so copying into /var/run/act traverses that symlink. The broken
-// docker 29.5.1 daemon fails the extraction with "mkdirat var/run: file exists" (fixed in
-// 29.5.2). Running against the daemon shipped in the dind image, this catches a bad bump.
-func TestDockerCopyToSymlinkPath(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	rc := NewContainer(&NewContainerInput{
-		Image:      "alpine:latest",
-		Entrypoint: []string{"sleep", "30"},
-		Name:       "act-test-symlink-" + time.Now().Format("20060102150405.000000"),
-		AutoRemove: true,
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, rc.Pull(false)(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, rc.Create(nil, nil)(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, rc.Start(false)(ctx))
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		_ = rc.Remove()(ctx)
-		_ = rc.Close()(ctx)
-	})
-
-	// CopyTarStream resolves the var/run symlink and creates act below its target, the
-	// exact step that fails on a broken daemon.
-	err := rc.CopyTarStream(ctx, "/var/run/act", &bytes.Buffer{})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-}
-
 // Type assert containerReference implements ExecutionsEnvironment
 var _ ExecutionsEnvironment = &containerReference{}

@@ -684,110 +378,6 @@ func TestCheckVolumes(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestSanitizeOptionsHostConfig(t *testing.T) {
-	logger, _ := test.NewNullLogger()
-
-	dangerous := func() *container.HostConfig {
-		return &container.HostConfig{
-			PidMode:      "host",
-			IpcMode:      "host",
-			UTSMode:      "host",
-			CgroupnsMode: "host",
-			UsernsMode:   "host",
-			CapAdd:       []string{"ALL"},
-			SecurityOpt:  []string{"seccomp=unconfined", "apparmor=unconfined"},
-			VolumesFrom:  []string{"other"},
-			Runtime:      "runc",
-			Resources: container.Resources{
-				CgroupParent:      "/custom",
-				Devices:           []container.DeviceMapping{{PathOnHost: "/dev/sda", PathInContainer: "/dev/sda", CgroupPermissions: "rwm"}},
-				DeviceCgroupRules: []string{"a *:* rwm"},
-			},
-			Sysctls: map[string]string{"net.ipv4.ip_forward": "1"},
-		}
-	}
-
-	hostConfig := dangerous()
-	sanitizeOptionsHostConfig(logger, hostConfig)
-
-	assert.Empty(t, string(hostConfig.PidMode))
-	assert.Empty(t, string(hostConfig.IpcMode))
-	assert.Empty(t, string(hostConfig.UTSMode))
-	assert.Empty(t, string(hostConfig.CgroupnsMode))
-	assert.Empty(t, string(hostConfig.UsernsMode))
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.CapAdd)
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.SecurityOpt)
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.Devices)
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.DeviceCgroupRules)
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.VolumesFrom)
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.Runtime)
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.CgroupParent)
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.Sysctls)
-}
-
-func TestMergeContainerConfigsStripsDangerousOptionsWhenUnprivileged(t *testing.T) {
-	// OS-independent options only: --device parsing requires a linux/windows
-	// server OS, which is not guaranteed for the test host.
-	const dangerousOptions = "--pid=host --ipc=host --uts=host --cgroupns=host " +
-		"--userns=host --cap-add=ALL --security-opt seccomp=unconfined " +
-		"--security-opt apparmor=unconfined --volumes-from other " +
-		"--runtime runc --cgroup-parent /custom --sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1"
-
-	t.Run("unprivileged strips host-escape options", func(t *testing.T) {
-		logger, _ := test.NewNullLogger()
-		ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger)
-		cr := &containerReference{
-			input: &NewContainerInput{
-				Options:     dangerousOptions,
-				NetworkMode: "bridge",
-				UsernsMode:  "private",
-			},
-		}
-
-		_, hostConfig, err := cr.mergeContainerConfigs(ctx, &container.Config{}, &container.HostConfig{
-			Privileged:  false,
-			UsernsMode:  container.UsernsMode("private"),
-			NetworkMode: container.NetworkMode("bridge"),
-		})
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		assert.False(t, hostConfig.Privileged)
-		assert.Empty(t, string(hostConfig.PidMode))
-		assert.Empty(t, string(hostConfig.IpcMode))
-		assert.Empty(t, string(hostConfig.UTSMode))
-		assert.Empty(t, string(hostConfig.CgroupnsMode))
-		// UsernsMode must keep the runner-controlled value, not the one from options.
-		assert.Equal(t, "private", string(hostConfig.UsernsMode))
-		assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.CapAdd)
-		assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.SecurityOpt)
-		assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.VolumesFrom)
-		assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.Runtime)
-		assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.CgroupParent)
-		assert.Empty(t, hostConfig.Sysctls)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("privileged preserves options", func(t *testing.T) {
-		logger, _ := test.NewNullLogger()
-		ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger)
-		cr := &containerReference{
-			input: &NewContainerInput{
-				Options:     "--pid=host --cap-add=ALL --security-opt seccomp=unconfined",
-				NetworkMode: "bridge",
-			},
-		}
-
-		_, hostConfig, err := cr.mergeContainerConfigs(ctx, &container.Config{}, &container.HostConfig{
-			Privileged:  true,
-			NetworkMode: container.NetworkMode("bridge"),
-		})
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		assert.Equal(t, "host", string(hostConfig.PidMode))
-		assert.Equal(t, []string{"ALL"}, hostConfig.CapAdd)
-		assert.Equal(t, []string{"seccomp=unconfined"}, hostConfig.SecurityOpt)
-	})
-}
-
 func TestCheckVolumesRejectsEscapingHostPaths(t *testing.T) {
 	logger, _ := test.NewNullLogger()
 	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger)
@@ -824,22 +414,3 @@ func TestCheckVolumesRejectsEscapingHostPaths(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 	assert.Empty(t, hostConf.Binds)
 }
-
-func TestMergeContainerConfigsVolumesReplaceRunnerMounts(t *testing.T) {
-	logger, _ := test.NewNullLogger()
-	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger)
-	cr := &containerReference{
-		input: &NewContainerInput{
-			NetworkMode: "bridge",
-			Options:     "--volume /host/tools:/opt/hostedtoolcache",
-		},
-	}
-
-	_, hostConf, err := cr.mergeContainerConfigs(ctx, &container.Config{}, &container.HostConfig{
-		Binds:  []string{"/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock"},
-		Mounts: []mount.Mount{{Type: mount.TypeVolume, Source: "act-toolcache", Target: "/opt/hostedtoolcache"}},
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock", "/host/tools:/opt/hostedtoolcache"}, hostConf.Binds)
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConf.Mounts)
-}
--- a/act/container/docker_socket_test.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_socket_test.go
@@ -18,19 +18,9 @@ func init() {

 var originalCommonSocketLocations = CommonSocketLocations

-func isolateSocketEnv(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Helper()
-	t.Cleanup(func() { CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations })
-	if host, ok := os.LookupEnv("DOCKER_HOST"); ok {
-		t.Setenv("DOCKER_HOST", host)
-	} else {
-		t.Cleanup(func() { os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST") })
-	}
-}
-
 func TestGetSocketAndHostWithSocket(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
+	CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations
 	dockerHost := "unix:///my/docker/host.sock"
 	socketURI := "/path/to/my.socket"
 	t.Setenv("DOCKER_HOST", dockerHost)
@@ -58,9 +48,9 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostNoSocket(t *testing.T) {

 func TestGetSocketAndHostOnlySocket(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
 	socketURI := "/path/to/my.socket"
 	os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST")
+	CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations
 	defaultSocket, defaultSocketFound := socketLocation()

 	// Act
@@ -75,7 +65,7 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostOnlySocket(t *testing.T) {

 func TestGetSocketAndHostDontMount(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
+	CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations
 	dockerHost := "unix:///my/docker/host.sock"
 	t.Setenv("DOCKER_HOST", dockerHost)

@@ -89,7 +79,7 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostDontMount(t *testing.T) {

 func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostNoSocket(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
+	CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations
 	os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST")
 	defaultSocket, found := socketLocation()

@@ -107,7 +97,6 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostNoSocket(t *testing.T) {
 // > This happens if neither DOCKER_HOST nor --container-daemon-socket has a value, but socketLocation() returns a URI
 func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostNoSocketDefaultLocation(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
 	mySocketFile, tmpErr := os.CreateTemp(t.TempDir(), "act-*.sock")
 	mySocket := mySocketFile.Name()
 	unixSocket := "unix://" + mySocket
@@ -130,7 +119,6 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostNoSocketDefaultLocation(t *testing.T) {

 func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostInvalidSocket(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
 	os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST")
 	mySocket := "/my/socket/path.sock"
 	CommonSocketLocations = []string{"/unusual", "/socket", "/location"}
@@ -148,7 +136,6 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostInvalidSocket(t *testing.T) {

 func TestGetSocketAndHostOnlySocketValidButUnusualLocation(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
 	socketURI := "unix:///path/to/my.socket"
 	CommonSocketLocations = []string{"/unusual", "/location"}
 	os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST")
--- a/act/container/docker_stub.go
+++ b/act/container/docker_stub.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ package container
 import (
 	"context"
 	"runtime"
-	"time"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"

@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ func NewDockerVolumeRemoveExecutor(volume string, force bool) common.Executor {
 	}
 }

-func NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutor(name string, opts NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutorInput) common.Executor {
+func NewDockerNetworkCreateExecutor(name string) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -73,7 +72,3 @@ func NewDockerNetworkRemoveExecutor(name string) common.Executor {
 		return nil
 	}
 }
-
-func RemoveOrphanNetworks(ctx context.Context, runnerUUID string, createdBefore time.Time) error {
-	return nil
-}
--- a/act/container/helpers_test.go
+++ b/act/container/helpers_test.go
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package container
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"testing"
-
-	mobyclient "github.com/moby/moby/client"
-)
-
-// requireDocker skips the test unless a reachable docker daemon is available.
-// GetDockerClient succeeds even without a running daemon (its ping is best-effort),
-// so the daemon has to be pinged explicitly here to decide whether to skip.
-func requireDocker(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Helper()
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	cli, err := GetDockerClient(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("skipping: docker client unavailable: %v", err)
-	}
-	defer cli.Close()
-	if _, err := cli.Ping(ctx, mobyclient.PingOptions{}); err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("skipping: docker daemon unreachable: %v", err)
-	}
-}
--- a/act/container/host_environment.go
+++ b/act/container/host_environment.go
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
@@ -24,7 +25,6 @@ import (
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/filecollector"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/lookpath"
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/internal/pkg/process"

 	"github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5/helper/polyfill"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5/osfs"
@@ -45,24 +45,8 @@ type HostEnvironment struct {
 	StdOut       io.Writer
 	AllocatePTY  bool // allocate a pseudo-TTY for each step's process

-	// procGroup owns every process the job's steps start. Atomic: Remove may read
-	// it while a step is still starting.
-	procGroupOnce sync.Once
-	procGroup     atomic.Pointer[process.Group]
-}
-
-// processGroup returns the job-scoped process group, creating it on first use.
-// Returns nil if the job object could not be created; Group is nil-safe.
-func (e *HostEnvironment) processGroup(ctx context.Context) *process.Group {
-	e.procGroupOnce.Do(func() {
-		group, err := process.NewGroup()
-		if err != nil {
-			common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("could not create the job's process group; processes a step leaves behind can only be reclaimed by the workspace scan: %v", err)
-			return
-		}
-		e.procGroup.Store(group)
-	})
-	return e.procGroup.Load()
+	mu          sync.Mutex
+	runningPIDs map[int]struct{}
 }

 func (e *HostEnvironment) Create(_, _ []string) common.Executor {
@@ -282,7 +266,7 @@ func setupPty(cmd *exec.Cmd, cmdline string) (*os.File, *os.File, error) {
 	cmd.Stdin = tty
 	cmd.Stdout = tty
 	cmd.Stderr = tty
-	cmd.SysProcAttr = process.SysProcAttr(cmdline, true)
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = getSysProcAttr(cmdline, true)
 	return ppty, tty, nil
 }

@@ -330,10 +314,6 @@ func (e *HostEnvironment) exec(ctx context.Context, command []string, cmdline st
 	} else {
 		wd = e.Path
 	}
-	// Flush any buffered, not-yet-newline-terminated trailing line, as the docker backend
-	// does in waitForCommand, so the final line of a command's output is not lost.
-	defer common.FlushWriter(e.StdOut)
-
 	f, err := lookupPathHost(command[0], env, e.StdOut)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -346,12 +326,7 @@ func (e *HostEnvironment) exec(ctx context.Context, command []string, cmdline st
 	cmd.Env = envList
 	cmd.Stderr = e.StdOut
 	cmd.Dir = wd
-	cmd.SysProcAttr = process.SysProcAttr(cmdline, false)
-
-	// Kills the step's whole tree on cancellation and bounds the post-exit I/O
-	// wait, so an orphan holding cmd's stdout pipe cannot hang cmd.Wait().
-	treeKill := process.NewTreeKill(cmd)
-
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = getSysProcAttr(cmdline, false)
 	var ppty *os.File
 	var tty *os.File
 	defer func() {
@@ -378,18 +353,23 @@ func (e *HostEnvironment) exec(ctx context.Context, command []string, cmdline st
 		go copyPtyOutput(writer, ppty, finishLog)
 		go writeKeepAlive(ppty)
 	}
+	// Split Start/Wait so the PID can be registered before the process can exit;
+	// cmd.Run() would block until exit, by which time the PID may have been reused.
 	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	// Assign before the step's Killer so the step's job nests inside the group's;
-	// cancellation still scopes to this step's tree.
-	if err := e.processGroup(ctx).Assign(cmd.Process); err != nil {
-		common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("could not assign the step's process to the job's process group; a process it leaves behind may outlive the job: %v", err)
+	if cmd.Process != nil {
+		e.mu.Lock()
+		if e.runningPIDs == nil {
+			e.runningPIDs = map[int]struct{}{}
 		}
-	if k, kerr := treeKill.Capture(cmd.Process); kerr != nil {
-		common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("process tree kill setup failed, falling back to single-process kill: %v", kerr)
-	} else {
-		defer k.Close()
+		e.runningPIDs[cmd.Process.Pid] = struct{}{}
+		e.mu.Unlock()
+		defer func(pid int) {
+			e.mu.Lock()
+			delete(e.runningPIDs, pid)
+			e.mu.Unlock()
+		}(cmd.Process.Pid)
 	}
 	err = cmd.Wait()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -433,23 +413,6 @@ func (e *HostEnvironment) UpdateFromEnv(srcPath string, env *map[string]string)
 	return parseEnvFile(e, srcPath, env)
 }

-// removeAll is a var so tests can substitute a blocking stub.
-var removeAll = os.RemoveAll
-
-// removeAllWithContext returns once the delete finishes or ctx is cancelled. On
-// cancellation the goroutine leaks: a delete inside a syscall cannot be
-// interrupted (see runWithTimeout).
-func removeAllWithContext(ctx context.Context, path string) error {
-	done := make(chan error, 1)
-	go func() { done <- removeAll(path) }()
-	select {
-	case err := <-done:
-		return err
-	case <-ctx.Done():
-		return ctx.Err()
-	}
-}
-
 func removePathWithRetry(ctx context.Context, path string) error {
 	if path == "" {
 		return nil
@@ -469,166 +432,65 @@ func removePathWithRetry(ctx context.Context, path string) error {
 			case <-time.After(delay):
 			}
 		}
-		lastErr = removeAllWithContext(ctx, path)
+		lastErr = os.RemoveAll(path)
 		if lastErr == nil {
 			return nil
 		}
-		if errors.Is(lastErr, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
-			return lastErr
-		}
 	}
 	return lastErr
 }

-// buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript builds a PowerShell command that taskkills
-// every process tree whose ExecutablePath or CommandLine references one of the
-// given workspace dirs, releasing file handles for cleanup. Win32_Process
-// exposes both fields (Get-Process doesn't, wmic is deprecated); matching is on
-// the dir+separator prefix via ordinal String methods, so a name-prefix sibling
-// (job1 vs job10) is spared and path metacharacters stay literal.
-func buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript(dirs []string) string {
-	quoted := make([]string, len(dirs))
-	for i, d := range dirs {
-		// Single-quoted PowerShell literal; escape ' by doubling it.
-		quoted[i] = "'" + strings.ReplaceAll(d, "'", "''") + "'"
-	}
-
-	return `$paths = @(` + strings.Join(quoted, ",") + `)
-$selfPid = $PID
-Get-CimInstance Win32_Process -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Where-Object {
-    if ($_.ProcessId -eq $selfPid) { return $false }
-    foreach ($p in $paths) {
-        $prefix = $p + '\'
-        if ($_.ExecutablePath -and $_.ExecutablePath.StartsWith($prefix, [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { return $true }
-        if ($_.CommandLine -and $_.CommandLine.IndexOf($prefix, [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase) -ge 0) { return $true }
-    }
-    return $false
-} | ForEach-Object {
-    & taskkill.exe /PID $_.ProcessId /T /F 2>$null | Out-Null
-}
-`
-}
-
 func (e *HostEnvironment) terminateRunningProcesses(ctx context.Context) {
 	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
 		return
 	}
+	e.mu.Lock()
+	pids := make([]int, 0, len(e.runningPIDs))
+	for pid := range e.runningPIDs {
+		pids = append(pids, pid)
+	}
+	e.mu.Unlock()

-	// Detached: exec.CommandContext won't start on a cancelled ctx, and a
-	// server cancel has already cancelled the parent ctx.
-	killCtx, killCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
-	defer killCancel()
-
-	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-
-	// Dirs we own; a process referencing one is a leftover. ToolCache is shared
-	// across jobs, and Workdir may be a caller-owned checkout.
-	owned := []string{e.Path, e.TmpDir}
-	if e.CleanWorkdir {
-		owned = append(owned, e.Workdir)
-	}
-	dirs := make([]string, 0, len(owned))
-	for _, d := range owned {
-		if d == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		abs, err := filepath.Abs(d)
-		if err != nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		dirs = append(dirs, abs)
-	}
-	if len(dirs) == 0 {
+	if len(pids) == 0 {
 		return
 	}

-	script := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript(dirs)
-
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(killCtx, "powershell.exe", "-NoProfile", "-NonInteractive", "-Command", script)
+	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
+	for _, pid := range pids {
+		// Best-effort: forcibly terminate process tree to release file handles
+		// so that workspace cleanup can succeed on Windows.
+		cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "taskkill", "/PID", strconv.Itoa(pid), "/T", "/F")
 		out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 		if err != nil {
-		logger.Debugf("workspace process-tree kill via PowerShell failed: %v output=%s", err, strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
+			logger.Debugf("taskkill failed for pid=%d: %v output=%s", pid, err, strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
 		}
-
-	// Win32_Process exposes no working directory, so the scan above misses a
-	// process that merely runs in a workspace dir while pinning a handle on it.
-	if killed, err := process.KillProcessesWithCWDUnder(killCtx, dirs); err != nil {
-		logger.Debugf("workspace process kill by working directory reported errors: %v", err)
-	} else if killed > 0 {
-		logger.Debugf("terminated %d leftover process(es) by workspace working directory", killed)
-	}
-}
-
-// hostCleanupTimeout bounds each teardown phase so one stalled delete cannot
-// wedge the runner slot. A var so tests can shrink it.
-var hostCleanupTimeout = 30 * time.Second
-
-// runWithTimeout returns context.DeadlineExceeded once timeout elapses, leaking
-// the goroutine: a delete blocked in a syscall (AV filter driver, dead network
-// mount) cannot be interrupted, and leaking scratch state beats losing the
-// runner's capacity slot forever. The idle stale-dir sweep reclaims it later.
-func runWithTimeout(fn func(), timeout time.Duration) error {
-	done := make(chan struct{})
-	go func() {
-		defer close(done)
-		fn()
-	}()
-	timer := time.NewTimer(timeout)
-	defer timer.Stop()
-	select {
-	case <-done:
-		return nil
-	case <-timer.C:
-		return context.DeadlineExceeded
 	}
 }

 func (e *HostEnvironment) Remove() common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-
-		// End lingering processes before removing the workspace; on Windows their
-		// file locks block cleanup. Closing the group is deterministic, the scan a net.
-		if err := e.procGroup.Load().Close(); err != nil {
-			logger.Debugf("closing the job's process group failed: %v", err)
-		}
+		// Ensure any lingering child processes are ended before attempting
+		// to remove the workspace (Windows file locks otherwise prevent cleanup).
 		e.terminateRunningProcesses(ctx)

-		// Removes per-job misc state only, never the toolcache root. Bounded because
-		// CleanUp is a caller-supplied, typically unbounded os.RemoveAll.
+		// Only removes per-job misc state. Must not remove the cache/toolcache root.
 		if e.CleanUp != nil {
-			logger.Debugf("running host environment cleanup callback")
-			if err := runWithTimeout(e.CleanUp, hostCleanupTimeout); err != nil {
-				logger.Warnf("host environment cleanup did not finish within %s; continuing job completion, scratch state may be leaked and is reclaimed by the idle stale-dir sweep", hostCleanupTimeout)
-			} else {
-				logger.Debugf("host environment cleanup callback finished")
+			e.CleanUp()
 		}
-		}
-
-		// Detach: a cancelled ctx would skip removePathWithRetry's retries,
-		// which absorb Windows file-handle release lag after the kill above.
-		rmCtx, rmCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), hostCleanupTimeout)
-		defer rmCancel()
-
+		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 		var errs []error
-		if err := removePathWithRetry(rmCtx, e.Path); err != nil {
+		if err := removePathWithRetry(ctx, e.Path); err != nil {
 			logger.Warnf("failed to remove host misc state %s: %v", e.Path, err)
 			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
 		if e.CleanWorkdir {
-			if err := removePathWithRetry(rmCtx, e.Workdir); err != nil {
+			if err := removePathWithRetry(ctx, e.Workdir); err != nil {
 				logger.Warnf("failed to remove host workspace %s: %v", e.Workdir, err)
 				errs = append(errs, err)
 			}
 		}
-		for _, err := range errs {
-			if !errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
 		return errors.Join(errs...)
 	}
-		}
-		// Teardown timed out; warned above. Do not fail job completion over it.
-		return nil
-	}
 }

 func (e *HostEnvironment) ToContainerPath(path string) string {
--- a/act/container/host_environment_test.go
+++ b/act/container/host_environment_test.go
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
-	"time"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"

@@ -188,176 +187,3 @@ func TestHostEnvironmentRemoveCleansWorkdirWhenOwned(t *testing.T) {
 	_, err := os.Stat(workdir)
 	assert.ErrorIs(t, err, os.ErrNotExist)
 }
-
-func TestRemoveAllWithContextDoesNotHangOnStuckDelete(t *testing.T) {
-	release := make(chan struct{})
-	stubDone := make(chan struct{})
-
-	orig := removeAll
-	removeAll = func(string) error {
-		defer close(stubDone)
-		<-release
-		return nil
-	}
-	// removeAllWithContext intentionally leaks the delete goroutine on timeout,
-	// and that goroutine still references removeAll. Unblock it and wait for it
-	// to return before restoring the var, so the restore can't race the read.
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		close(release)
-		<-stubDone
-		removeAll = orig
-	})
-
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 100*time.Millisecond)
-	defer cancel()
-
-	err := removeAllWithContext(ctx, t.TempDir())
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, context.DeadlineExceeded)
-}
-
-// TestHostEnvironmentRemoveDoesNotHangOnStuckCleanUp guards against a stalled
-// CleanUp callback (e.g. an os.RemoveAll blocked by an AV/EDR filter driver or
-// an unresponsive mount) wedging the runner slot forever at "Cleaning up
-// container". Remove must time out the callback and complete job teardown.
-func TestHostEnvironmentRemoveDoesNotHangOnStuckCleanUp(t *testing.T) {
-	// Keep the suite fast: shrink the per-phase teardown timeout for this test.
-	orig := hostCleanupTimeout
-	hostCleanupTimeout = 100 * time.Millisecond
-	t.Cleanup(func() { hostCleanupTimeout = orig })
-
-	logger := logrus.New()
-	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logrus.NewEntry(logger))
-	base := t.TempDir()
-	path := filepath.Join(base, "misc", "hostexecutor")
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(path, 0o700))
-
-	release := make(chan struct{})
-	t.Cleanup(func() { close(release) }) // unblock the leaked goroutine at test end
-
-	e := &HostEnvironment{
-		Path: path,
-		CleanUp: func() {
-			<-release // simulate a delete syscall stuck indefinitely
-		},
-		StdOut: os.Stdout,
-	}
-
-	done := make(chan error, 1)
-	go func() { done <- e.Remove()(ctx) }()
-
-	select {
-	case err := <-done:
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-	case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
-		t.Fatal("Remove() hung on a stuck CleanUp callback")
-	}
-}
-
-// TestHostEnvironmentRemoveDoesNotHangOnStuckPathRemoval guards against a
-// stalled os.RemoveAll on the misc/workspace paths (same AV/EDR wedge as
-// #1023) wedging job completion after the CleanUp callback has already timed
-// out or finished.
-func TestHostEnvironmentRemoveDoesNotHangOnStuckPathRemoval(t *testing.T) {
-	origTimeout := hostCleanupTimeout
-	hostCleanupTimeout = 100 * time.Millisecond
-	t.Cleanup(func() { hostCleanupTimeout = origTimeout })
-
-	release := make(chan struct{})
-	stubDone := make(chan struct{})
-
-	origRemoveAll := removeAll
-	removeAll = func(string) error {
-		defer close(stubDone)
-		<-release
-		return nil
-	}
-	// The stuck delete goroutine outlives the timed-out Remove and still reads
-	// removeAll; unblock it and wait before restoring to avoid a restore/read race.
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		close(release)
-		<-stubDone
-		removeAll = origRemoveAll
-	})
-
-	logger := logrus.New()
-	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logrus.NewEntry(logger))
-	base := t.TempDir()
-	path := filepath.Join(base, "misc", "hostexecutor")
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(path, 0o700))
-
-	e := &HostEnvironment{
-		Path:   path,
-		StdOut: os.Stdout,
-	}
-
-	done := make(chan error, 1)
-	go func() { done <- e.Remove()(ctx) }()
-
-	select {
-	case err := <-done:
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-	case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
-		t.Fatal("Remove() hung on a stuck path removal")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestBuildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("single dir", func(t *testing.T) {
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript([]string{`C:\workspace\job1`})
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `$paths = @('C:\workspace\job1')`)
-		// Self-PID guard is essential — without it the script could taskkill
-		// the PowerShell process running it.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$selfPid = $PID")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$_.ProcessId -eq $selfPid")
-		// Must match both ExecutablePath (binaries from the workspace) and
-		// CommandLine (system binaries invoked with workspace paths in args),
-		// both bounded by dir+separator so a name-prefix sibling is spared.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `$prefix = $p + '\'`)
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$_.ExecutablePath.StartsWith($prefix")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$_.CommandLine.IndexOf($prefix")
-		// Each matched PID must be tree-killed, not just stopped.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "taskkill.exe /PID $_.ProcessId /T /F")
-	})
-
-	t.Run("multiple dirs comma-separated", func(t *testing.T) {
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript([]string{
-			`C:\work\path`,
-			`C:\work\workdir`,
-			`C:\Users\runner\AppData\Local\Temp\job-42`,
-		})
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\path'`)
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\workdir'`)
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\Users\runner\AppData\Local\Temp\job-42'`)
-		// Commas between entries — no trailing comma, no leading comma.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\path','C:\work\workdir',`)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("path with single quote is escaped", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// In PowerShell single-quoted strings the only special char is the
-		// quote itself, escaped by doubling. A workspace path that ever
-		// contained `'` would inject a command into the script otherwise.
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript([]string{`C:\work\it's\path`})
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\it''s\path'`)
-		// And it must NOT appear unescaped — otherwise the quote would
-		// terminate the literal early.
-		assert.NotContains(t, s, `'C:\work\it's\path'`)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("path with wildcard metacharacters is matched literally", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// A path containing [ ] ? * must be embedded verbatim and matched with
-		// ordinal String methods, not -like, otherwise the metacharacters would
-		// be interpreted as wildcards and the leftover process could escape.
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript([]string{`C:\work\[job]?1`})
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\[job]?1'`)
-		assert.NotContains(t, s, "-like")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "StartsWith")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "IndexOf")
-	})
-
-	t.Run("empty dir list still produces a valid script", func(t *testing.T) {
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript(nil)
-		// Empty array literal — script runs, matches nothing, is a no-op.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$paths = @()")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "Get-CimInstance Win32_Process")
-	})
-}
--- a/act/container/linux_container_environment_extensions.go
+++ b/act/container/linux_container_environment_extensions.go
@@ -66,15 +66,12 @@ func (*LinuxContainerEnvironmentExtensions) JoinPathVariable(paths ...string) st
 	return strings.Join(paths, ":")
 }

-// DefaultToolCache is where the runner mounts the tool cache inside job containers.
-const DefaultToolCache = "/opt/hostedtoolcache"
-
 func (*LinuxContainerEnvironmentExtensions) GetRunnerContext(ctx context.Context) map[string]any {
 	return map[string]any{
 		"os":         "Linux",
 		"arch":       RunnerArch(ctx),
 		"temp":       "/tmp",
-		"tool_cache": DefaultToolCache,
+		"tool_cache": "/opt/hostedtoolcache",
 	}
 }

--- a/act/container/parse_env_file.go
+++ b/act/container/parse_env_file.go
@@ -13,9 +13,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-
-	"golang.org/x/text/encoding/unicode"
-	"golang.org/x/text/transform"
 )

 func parseEnvFile(e Container, srcPath string, env *map[string]string) common.Executor {
@@ -31,19 +28,11 @@ func parseEnvFile(e Container, srcPath string, env *map[string]string) common.Ex
 		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 			return err
 		}
-		// Decode by BOM: Windows PowerShell 5.1 redirection writes UTF-16, and some
-		// tools emit a UTF-8 BOM. Without a BOM the file is read as UTF-8, as before.
-		decoded := transform.NewReader(reader, unicode.BOMOverride(unicode.UTF8.NewDecoder()))
-
-		s := bufio.NewScanner(decoded)
+		s := bufio.NewScanner(reader)
 		// Default 64 KiB max token size is too small for realistic env-file lines; allow up to 16 MiB.
 		s.Buffer(make([]byte, 0, 64*1024), 16*1024*1024)
 		for s.Scan() {
 			line := s.Text()
-			// GitHub's runner ignores blank lines
-			if strings.TrimSpace(line) == "" {
-				continue
-			}
 			singleLineEnv := strings.Index(line, "=")
 			multiLineEnv := strings.Index(line, "<<")
 			if singleLineEnv != -1 && (multiLineEnv == -1 || singleLineEnv < multiLineEnv) {
--- a/act/container/parse_env_file_test.go
+++ b/act/container/parse_env_file_test.go
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ import (

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-	"golang.org/x/text/encoding"
-	"golang.org/x/text/encoding/unicode"
 )

 func newTestHostEnv(t *testing.T) (*HostEnvironment, string) {
@@ -66,63 +64,6 @@ func TestParseEnvFileLineExceedsBufferReportsScannerError(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "reading env file")
 }

-// Regression test: a blank line used to fail the job at "Complete Job", after
-// every step had already been recorded as successful.
-func TestParseEnvFileBlankLines(t *testing.T) {
-	e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, []byte("\nFOO=bar\n\n   \nBAZ=qux\n\n"), 0o600))
-
-	env := map[string]string{}
-	require.NoError(t, parseEnvFile(e, envPath, &env)(context.Background()))
-	assert.Equal(t, "bar", env["FOO"])
-	assert.Equal(t, "qux", env["BAZ"])
-}
-
-// blank lines inside a heredoc value are content, not separators
-func TestParseEnvFileMultiLineKeepsBlankLines(t *testing.T) {
-	e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, []byte("FOO<<EOF\nline1\n\nline2\nEOF\n"), 0o600))
-
-	env := map[string]string{}
-	require.NoError(t, parseEnvFile(e, envPath, &env)(context.Background()))
-	assert.Equal(t, "line1\n\nline2", env["FOO"])
-}
-
-func TestParseEnvFileUTF8BOM(t *testing.T) {
-	e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
-	content := append([]byte{0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF}, []byte("FOO=bar\n")...)
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, content, 0o600))
-
-	env := map[string]string{}
-	require.NoError(t, parseEnvFile(e, envPath, &env)(context.Background()))
-	assert.Equal(t, "bar", env["FOO"])
-}
-
-// Windows host mode: PowerShell 5.1 redirection writes UTF-16, which used to be
-// unrecognisable as KEY=VALUE, so the writes were silently ignored.
-func TestParseEnvFileUTF16(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name    string
-		encoder *encoding.Encoder
-	}{
-		{"little endian", unicode.UTF16(unicode.LittleEndian, unicode.UseBOM).NewEncoder()},
-		{"big endian", unicode.UTF16(unicode.BigEndian, unicode.UseBOM).NewEncoder()},
-	}
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
-			content, err := tt.encoder.Bytes([]byte("FOO=bar\r\nMULTI<<EOF\r\nline1\r\nEOF\r\n"))
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, content, 0o600))
-
-			env := map[string]string{}
-			require.NoError(t, parseEnvFile(e, envPath, &env)(context.Background()))
-			assert.Equal(t, "bar", env["FOO"])
-			assert.Equal(t, "line1", env["MULTI"])
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func TestParseEnvFileMissingDelimiter(t *testing.T) {
 	e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
 	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, []byte("FOO<<EOF\nline1\nline2\n"), 0o600))
--- a/act/container/util.go
+++ b/act/container/util.go
@@ -8,10 +8,23 @@ package container

 import (
 	"os"
+	"syscall"

 	"github.com/creack/pty"
 )

+func getSysProcAttr(_ string, tty bool) *syscall.SysProcAttr {
+	if tty {
+		return &syscall.SysProcAttr{
+			Setsid:  true,
+			Setctty: true,
+		}
+	}
+	return &syscall.SysProcAttr{
+		Setpgid: true,
+	}
+}
+
 func openPty() (*os.File, *os.File, error) {
 	return pty.Open()
 }
--- a/act/container/util_openbsd_mips64.go
+++ b/act/container/util_openbsd_mips64.go
@@ -7,8 +7,15 @@ package container
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"os"
+	"syscall"
 )

+func getSysProcAttr(cmdLine string, tty bool) *syscall.SysProcAttr {
+	return &syscall.SysProcAttr{
+		Setpgid: true,
+	}
+}
+
 func openPty() (*os.File, *os.File, error) {
 	return nil, nil, errors.New("Unsupported")
 }
--- a/act/container/util_plan9.go
+++ b/act/container/util_plan9.go
@@ -7,8 +7,15 @@ package container
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"os"
+	"syscall"
 )

+func getSysProcAttr(cmdLine string, tty bool) *syscall.SysProcAttr {
+	return &syscall.SysProcAttr{
+		Rfork: syscall.RFNOTEG,
+	}
+}
+
 func openPty() (*os.File, *os.File, error) {
 	return nil, nil, errors.New("Unsupported")
 }
--- a/act/container/util_windows.go
+++ b/act/container/util_windows.go
@@ -7,8 +7,13 @@ package container
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"os"
+	"syscall"
 )

+func getSysProcAttr(cmdLine string, tty bool) *syscall.SysProcAttr {
+	return &syscall.SysProcAttr{CmdLine: cmdLine, CreationFlags: syscall.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP}
+}
+
 func openPty() (*os.File, *os.File, error) {
 	return nil, nil, errors.New("Unsupported")
 }
--- a/act/exprparser/functions.go
+++ b/act/exprparser/functions.go
@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2022 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package exprparser
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
+
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing/format/gitignore"
+	"github.com/rhysd/actionlint"
+)
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) contains(search, item reflect.Value) (bool, error) {
+	switch search.Kind() {
+	case reflect.String, reflect.Int, reflect.Float64, reflect.Bool, reflect.Invalid:
+		return strings.Contains(
+			strings.ToLower(impl.coerceToString(search).String()),
+			strings.ToLower(impl.coerceToString(item).String()),
+		), nil
+
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		for i := 0; i < search.Len(); i++ {
+			arrayItem := search.Index(i).Elem()
+			result, err := impl.compareValues(arrayItem, item, actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindEq)
+			if err != nil {
+				return false, err
+			}
+
+			if isEqual, ok := result.(bool); ok && isEqual {
+				return true, nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) startsWith(searchString, searchValue reflect.Value) (bool, error) { //nolint:unparam // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	return strings.HasPrefix(
+		strings.ToLower(impl.coerceToString(searchString).String()),
+		strings.ToLower(impl.coerceToString(searchValue).String()),
+	), nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) endsWith(searchString, searchValue reflect.Value) (bool, error) { //nolint:unparam // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	return strings.HasSuffix(
+		strings.ToLower(impl.coerceToString(searchString).String()),
+		strings.ToLower(impl.coerceToString(searchValue).String()),
+	), nil
+}
+
+const (
+	passThrough = iota
+	bracketOpen
+	bracketClose
+)
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) format(str reflect.Value, replaceValue ...reflect.Value) (string, error) {
+	input := impl.coerceToString(str).String()
+	var output strings.Builder
+	replacementIndex := ""
+
+	state := passThrough
+	for _, character := range input {
+		switch state {
+		case passThrough: // normal buffer output
+			switch character {
+			case '{':
+				state = bracketOpen
+
+			case '}':
+				state = bracketClose
+
+			default:
+				output.WriteRune(character)
+			}
+
+		case bracketOpen: // found {
+			switch character {
+			case '{':
+				output.WriteString("{")
+				replacementIndex = ""
+				state = passThrough
+
+			case '}':
+				index, err := strconv.ParseInt(replacementIndex, 10, 32)
+				if err != nil {
+					return "", fmt.Errorf("The following format string is invalid: '%s'", input)
+				}
+
+				replacementIndex = ""
+
+				if len(replaceValue) <= int(index) {
+					return "", fmt.Errorf("The following format string references more arguments than were supplied: '%s'", input)
+				}
+
+				output.WriteString(impl.coerceToString(replaceValue[index]).String())
+
+				state = passThrough
+
+			default:
+				replacementIndex += string(character)
+			}
+
+		case bracketClose: // found }
+			switch character {
+			case '}':
+				output.WriteString("}")
+				replacementIndex = ""
+				state = passThrough
+
+			default:
+				panic("Invalid format parser state")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if state != passThrough {
+		switch state {
+		case bracketOpen:
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("Unclosed brackets. The following format string is invalid: '%s'", input)
+
+		case bracketClose:
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("Closing bracket without opening one. The following format string is invalid: '%s'", input)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return output.String(), nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) join(array, sep reflect.Value) (string, error) { //nolint:unparam // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	separator := impl.coerceToString(sep).String()
+	switch array.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		var items []string
+		for i := 0; i < array.Len(); i++ {
+			items = append(items, impl.coerceToString(array.Index(i).Elem()).String())
+		}
+
+		return strings.Join(items, separator), nil
+	default:
+		return strings.Join([]string{impl.coerceToString(array).String()}, separator), nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) toJSON(value reflect.Value) (string, error) {
+	if value.Kind() == reflect.Invalid {
+		return "null", nil
+	}
+
+	json, err := json.MarshalIndent(value.Interface(), "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("Cannot convert value to JSON. Cause: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return string(json), nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) fromJSON(value reflect.Value) (any, error) {
+	if value.Kind() != reflect.String {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Cannot parse non-string type %v as JSON", value.Kind())
+	}
+
+	var data any
+
+	err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(value.String()), &data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid JSON: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) hashFiles(paths ...reflect.Value) (string, error) {
+	var ps []gitignore.Pattern
+
+	const cwdPrefix = "." + string(filepath.Separator)
+	const excludeCwdPrefix = "!" + cwdPrefix
+	for _, path := range paths {
+		if path.Kind() == reflect.String {
+			cleanPath := path.String()
+			if strings.HasPrefix(cleanPath, cwdPrefix) {
+				cleanPath = cleanPath[len(cwdPrefix):]
+			} else if strings.HasPrefix(cleanPath, excludeCwdPrefix) {
+				cleanPath = "!" + cleanPath[len(excludeCwdPrefix):]
+			}
+			ps = append(ps, gitignore.ParsePattern(cleanPath, nil))
+		} else {
+			return "", errors.New("Non-string path passed to hashFiles")
+		}
+	}
+
+	matcher := gitignore.NewMatcher(ps)
+
+	var files []string
+	if err := filepath.Walk(impl.config.WorkingDir, func(path string, fi fs.FileInfo, err error) error {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		sansPrefix := strings.TrimPrefix(path, impl.config.WorkingDir+string(filepath.Separator))
+		parts := strings.Split(sansPrefix, string(filepath.Separator))
+		if fi.IsDir() || !matcher.Match(parts, fi.IsDir()) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		files = append(files, path)
+		return nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("Unable to filepath.Walk: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(files) == 0 {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+
+	hasher := sha256.New()
+
+	for _, file := range files {
+		f, err := os.Open(file)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("Unable to os.Open: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if _, err := io.Copy(hasher, f); err != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("Unable to io.Copy: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if err := f.Close(); err != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("Unable to Close file: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return hex.EncodeToString(hasher.Sum(nil)), nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) getNeedsTransitive(job *model.Job) []string {
+	needs := job.Needs()
+
+	for _, need := range needs {
+		parentNeeds := impl.getNeedsTransitive(impl.config.Run.Workflow.GetJob(need))
+		needs = append(needs, parentNeeds...)
+	}
+
+	return needs
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) always() (bool, error) {
+	return true, nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) jobSuccess() (bool, error) { //nolint:unparam // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	jobs := impl.config.Run.Workflow.Jobs
+	jobNeeds := impl.getNeedsTransitive(impl.config.Run.Job())
+
+	for _, needs := range jobNeeds {
+		if jobs[needs].Result != "success" {
+			return false, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true, nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) stepSuccess() (bool, error) { //nolint:unparam // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	return impl.env.Job.Status == "success", nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) jobFailure() (bool, error) { //nolint:unparam // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	jobs := impl.config.Run.Workflow.Jobs
+	jobNeeds := impl.getNeedsTransitive(impl.config.Run.Job())
+
+	for _, needs := range jobNeeds {
+		if jobs[needs].Result == "failure" {
+			return true, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) stepFailure() (bool, error) { //nolint:unparam // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	return impl.env.Job.Status == "failure", nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) cancelled() (bool, error) { //nolint:unparam // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	return impl.env.Job.Status == "cancelled", nil
+}
--- a/act/exprparser/functions_test.go
+++ b/act/exprparser/functions_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2022 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package exprparser
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestFunctionContains(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"contains('search', 'item') }}", false, "contains-str-str"},
+		{`cOnTaInS('Hello', 'll') }}`, true, "contains-str-casing"},
+		{`contains('HELLO', 'll') }}`, true, "contains-str-casing"},
+		{`contains('3.141592', 3.14) }}`, true, "contains-str-number"},
+		{`contains(3.141592, '3.14') }}`, true, "contains-number-str"},
+		{`contains(3.141592, 3.14) }}`, true, "contains-number-number"},
+		{`contains(true, 'u') }}`, true, "contains-bool-str"},
+		{`contains(null, '') }}`, true, "contains-null-str"},
+		{`contains(fromJSON('["first","second"]'), 'first') }}`, true, "contains-item"},
+		{`contains(fromJSON('[null,"second"]'), '') }}`, true, "contains-item-null-empty-str"},
+		{`contains(fromJSON('["","second"]'), null) }}`, true, "contains-item-empty-str-null"},
+		{`contains(fromJSON('[true,"second"]'), 'true') }}`, false, "contains-item-bool-arr"},
+		{`contains(fromJSON('["true","second"]'), true) }}`, false, "contains-item-str-bool"},
+		{`contains(fromJSON('[3.14,"second"]'), '3.14') }}`, true, "contains-item-number-str"},
+		{`contains(fromJSON('[3.14,"second"]'), 3.14) }}`, true, "contains-item-number-number"},
+		{`contains(fromJSON('["","second"]'), fromJSON('[]')) }}`, false, "contains-item-str-arr"},
+		{`contains(fromJSON('["","second"]'), fromJSON('{}')) }}`, false, "contains-item-str-obj"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFunctionStartsWith(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"startsWith('search', 'se') }}", true, "startswith-string"},
+		{"startsWith('search', 'sa') }}", false, "startswith-string"},
+		{"startsWith('123search', '123s') }}", true, "startswith-string"},
+		{"startsWith(123, 's') }}", false, "startswith-string"},
+		{"startsWith(123, '12') }}", true, "startswith-string"},
+		{"startsWith('123', 12) }}", true, "startswith-string"},
+		{"startsWith(null, '42') }}", false, "startswith-string"},
+		{"startsWith('null', null) }}", true, "startswith-string"},
+		{"startsWith('null', '') }}", true, "startswith-string"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFunctionEndsWith(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"endsWith('search', 'ch') }}", true, "endsWith-string"},
+		{"endsWith('search', 'sa') }}", false, "endsWith-string"},
+		{"endsWith('search123s', '123s') }}", true, "endsWith-string"},
+		{"endsWith(123, 's') }}", false, "endsWith-string"},
+		{"endsWith(123, '23') }}", true, "endsWith-string"},
+		{"endsWith('123', 23) }}", true, "endsWith-string"},
+		{"endsWith(null, '42') }}", false, "endsWith-string"},
+		{"endsWith('null', null) }}", true, "endsWith-string"},
+		{"endsWith('null', '') }}", true, "endsWith-string"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFunctionJoin(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"join(fromJSON('[\"a\", \"b\"]'), ',')", "a,b", "join-arr"},
+		{"join('string', ',')", "string", "join-str"},
+		{"join(1, ',')", "1", "join-number"},
+		{"join(null, ',')", "", "join-number"},
+		{"join(fromJSON('[\"a\", \"b\", null]'), null)", "ab", "join-number"},
+		{"join(fromJSON('[\"a\", \"b\"]'))", "a,b", "join-number"},
+		{"join(fromJSON('[\"a\", \"b\", null]'), 1)", "a1b1", "join-number"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFunctionToJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"toJSON(env) }}", "{\n  \"key\": \"value\"\n}", "toJSON"},
+		{"toJSON(null)", "null", "toJSON-null"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{
+		Env: map[string]string{
+			"key": "value",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFunctionFromJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"fromJSON('{\"foo\":\"bar\"}') }}", map[string]any{
+			"foo": "bar",
+		}, "fromJSON"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFunctionHashFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"hashFiles('**/non-extant-files') }}", "", "hash-non-existing-file"},
+		{"hashFiles('**/non-extant-files', '**/more-non-extant-files') }}", "", "hash-multiple-non-existing-files"},
+		{"hashFiles('./for-hashing-1.txt') }}", "66a045b452102c59d840ec097d59d9467e13a3f34f6494e539ffd32c1bb35f18", "hash-single-file"},
+		{"hashFiles('./for-hashing-*.txt') }}", "8e5935e7e13368cd9688fe8f48a0955293676a021562582c7e848dafe13fb046", "hash-multiple-files"},
+		{"hashFiles('./for-hashing-*.txt', '!./for-hashing-2.txt') }}", "66a045b452102c59d840ec097d59d9467e13a3f34f6494e539ffd32c1bb35f18", "hash-negative-pattern"},
+		{"hashFiles('./for-hashing-**') }}", "c418ba693753c84115ced0da77f876cddc662b9054f4b129b90f822597ee2f94", "hash-multiple-files-and-directories"},
+		{"hashFiles('./for-hashing-3/**') }}", "6f5696b546a7a9d6d42a449dc9a56bef244aaa826601ef27466168846139d2c2", "hash-nested-directories"},
+		{"hashFiles('./for-hashing-3/**/nested-data.txt') }}", "8ecadfb49f7f978d0a9f3a957e9c8da6cc9ab871f5203b5d9f9d1dc87d8af18c", "hash-nested-directories-2"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			workdir, err := filepath.Abs("testdata")
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{WorkingDir: workdir}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFunctionFormat(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		error    any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"format('text')", "text", nil, "format-plain-string"},
+		{"format('Hello {0} {1} {2}!', 'Mona', 'the', 'Octocat')", "Hello Mona the Octocat!", nil, "format-with-placeholders"},
+		{"format('{{Hello {0} {1} {2}!}}', 'Mona', 'the', 'Octocat')", "{Hello Mona the Octocat!}", nil, "format-with-escaped-braces"},
+		{"format('{{0}}', 'test')", "{0}", nil, "format-with-escaped-braces"},
+		{"format('{{{0}}}', 'test')", "{test}", nil, "format-with-escaped-braces-and-value"},
+		{"format('}}')", "}", nil, "format-output-closing-brace"},
+		{`format('Hello "{0}" {1} {2} {3} {4}', null, true, -3.14, NaN, Infinity)`, `Hello "" true -3.14 NaN Infinity`, nil, "format-with-primitives"},
+		{`format('Hello "{0}" {1} {2}', fromJSON('[0, true, "abc"]'), fromJSON('[{"a":1}]'), fromJSON('{"a":{"b":1}}'))`, `Hello "Array" Array Object`, nil, "format-with-complex-types"},
+		{"format(true)", "true", nil, "format-with-primitive-args"},
+		{"format('echo Hello {0} ${{Test}}', github.undefined_property)", "echo Hello  ${Test}", nil, "format-with-undefined-value"},
+		{"format('{0}}', '{1}', 'World')", nil, "Closing bracket without opening one. The following format string is invalid: '{0}}'", "format-invalid-format-string"},
+		{"format('{0', '{1}', 'World')", nil, "Unclosed brackets. The following format string is invalid: '{0'", "format-invalid-format-string"},
+		{"format('{2}', '{1}', 'World')", "", "The following format string references more arguments than were supplied: '{2}'", "format-invalid-replacement-reference"},
+		{"format('{2147483648}')", "", "The following format string is invalid: '{2147483648}'", "format-invalid-replacement-reference"},
+		{"format('{0} {1} {2} {3}', 1.0, 1.1, 1234567890.0, 12345678901234567890.0)", "1 1.1 1234567890 1.23456789012346E+19", nil, "format-floats"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{
+		Github: &model.GithubContext{},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			if tt.error != nil {
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.error, err.Error())
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/act/exprparser/interpreter.go
+++ b/act/exprparser/interpreter.go
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2022 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package exprparser
+
+import (
+	"encoding"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
+
+	"github.com/rhysd/actionlint"
+)
+
+type EvaluationEnvironment struct {
+	Github    *model.GithubContext
+	Env       map[string]string
+	Job       *model.JobContext
+	Jobs      *map[string]*model.WorkflowCallResult
+	Steps     map[string]*model.StepResult
+	Runner    map[string]any
+	Secrets   map[string]string
+	Vars      map[string]string
+	Strategy  map[string]any
+	Matrix    map[string]any
+	Needs     map[string]Needs
+	Inputs    map[string]any
+	HashFiles func([]reflect.Value) (any, error)
+}
+
+type Needs struct {
+	Outputs map[string]string `json:"outputs"`
+	Result  string            `json:"result"`
+}
+
+type Config struct {
+	Run        *model.Run
+	WorkingDir string
+	Context    string
+}
+
+type DefaultStatusCheck int
+
+const (
+	DefaultStatusCheckNone DefaultStatusCheck = iota
+	DefaultStatusCheckSuccess
+	DefaultStatusCheckAlways
+	DefaultStatusCheckCanceled
+	DefaultStatusCheckFailure
+)
+
+func (dsc DefaultStatusCheck) String() string {
+	switch dsc {
+	case DefaultStatusCheckSuccess:
+		return "success"
+	case DefaultStatusCheckAlways:
+		return "always"
+	case DefaultStatusCheckCanceled:
+		return "cancelled"
+	case DefaultStatusCheckFailure:
+		return "failure"
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+type Interpreter interface {
+	Evaluate(input string, defaultStatusCheck DefaultStatusCheck) (any, error)
+}
+
+type interperterImpl struct {
+	env    *EvaluationEnvironment
+	config Config
+}
+
+func NewInterpeter(env *EvaluationEnvironment, config Config) Interpreter {
+	return &interperterImpl{
+		env:    env,
+		config: config,
+	}
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) Evaluate(input string, defaultStatusCheck DefaultStatusCheck) (any, error) {
+	input = strings.TrimPrefix(input, "${{")
+	if defaultStatusCheck != DefaultStatusCheckNone && input == "" {
+		input = "success()"
+	}
+	parser := actionlint.NewExprParser()
+	exprNode, err := parser.Parse(actionlint.NewExprLexer(input + "}}"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to parse: %s", err.Message)
+	}
+
+	if defaultStatusCheck != DefaultStatusCheckNone {
+		hasStatusCheckFunction := false
+		actionlint.VisitExprNode(exprNode, func(node, _ actionlint.ExprNode, entering bool) {
+			if funcCallNode, ok := node.(*actionlint.FuncCallNode); entering && ok {
+				switch strings.ToLower(funcCallNode.Callee) {
+				case "success", "always", "cancelled", "failure":
+					hasStatusCheckFunction = true
+				}
+			}
+		})
+
+		if !hasStatusCheckFunction {
+			exprNode = &actionlint.LogicalOpNode{
+				Kind: actionlint.LogicalOpNodeKindAnd,
+				Left: &actionlint.FuncCallNode{
+					Callee: defaultStatusCheck.String(),
+					Args:   []actionlint.ExprNode{},
+				},
+				Right: exprNode,
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	result, err2 := impl.evaluateNode(exprNode)
+
+	return result, err2
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) evaluateNode(exprNode actionlint.ExprNode) (any, error) {
+	switch node := exprNode.(type) {
+	case *actionlint.VariableNode:
+		return impl.evaluateVariable(node)
+	case *actionlint.BoolNode:
+		return node.Value, nil
+	case *actionlint.NullNode:
+		return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	case *actionlint.IntNode:
+		return node.Value, nil
+	case *actionlint.FloatNode:
+		return node.Value, nil
+	case *actionlint.StringNode:
+		return node.Value, nil
+	case *actionlint.IndexAccessNode:
+		return impl.evaluateIndexAccess(node)
+	case *actionlint.ObjectDerefNode:
+		return impl.evaluateObjectDeref(node)
+	case *actionlint.ArrayDerefNode:
+		return impl.evaluateArrayDeref(node)
+	case *actionlint.NotOpNode:
+		return impl.evaluateNot(node)
+	case *actionlint.CompareOpNode:
+		return impl.evaluateCompare(node)
+	case *actionlint.LogicalOpNode:
+		return impl.evaluateLogicalCompare(node)
+	case *actionlint.FuncCallNode:
+		return impl.evaluateFuncCall(node)
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Fatal error! Unknown node type: %s node: %+v", reflect.TypeOf(exprNode), exprNode)
+	}
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) evaluateVariable(variableNode *actionlint.VariableNode) (any, error) {
+	switch strings.ToLower(variableNode.Name) {
+	case "github":
+		return impl.env.Github, nil
+	case "gitea": // compatible with Gitea
+		return impl.env.Github, nil
+	case "env":
+		return impl.env.Env, nil
+	case "job":
+		return impl.env.Job, nil
+	case "jobs":
+		if impl.env.Jobs == nil {
+			return nil, errors.New("Unavailable context: jobs")
+		}
+		return impl.env.Jobs, nil
+	case "steps":
+		return impl.env.Steps, nil
+	case "runner":
+		return impl.env.Runner, nil
+	case "secrets":
+		return impl.env.Secrets, nil
+	case "vars":
+		return impl.env.Vars, nil
+	case "strategy":
+		return impl.env.Strategy, nil
+	case "matrix":
+		return impl.env.Matrix, nil
+	case "needs":
+		return impl.env.Needs, nil
+	case "inputs":
+		return impl.env.Inputs, nil
+	case "infinity":
+		return math.Inf(1), nil
+	case "nan":
+		return math.NaN(), nil
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unavailable context: %s", variableNode.Name)
+	}
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) evaluateIndexAccess(indexAccessNode *actionlint.IndexAccessNode) (any, error) {
+	left, err := impl.evaluateNode(indexAccessNode.Operand)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	leftValue := reflect.ValueOf(left)
+
+	right, err := impl.evaluateNode(indexAccessNode.Index)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	rightValue := reflect.ValueOf(right)
+
+	switch rightValue.Kind() {
+	case reflect.String:
+		return impl.getPropertyValue(leftValue, rightValue.String())
+
+	case reflect.Int:
+		switch leftValue.Kind() {
+		case reflect.Slice:
+			if rightValue.Int() < 0 || rightValue.Int() >= int64(leftValue.Len()) {
+				return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			}
+			return leftValue.Index(int(rightValue.Int())).Interface(), nil
+		default:
+			return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+		}
+
+	default:
+		return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	}
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) evaluateObjectDeref(objectDerefNode *actionlint.ObjectDerefNode) (any, error) {
+	left, err := impl.evaluateNode(objectDerefNode.Receiver)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return impl.getPropertyValue(reflect.ValueOf(left), objectDerefNode.Property)
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) evaluateArrayDeref(arrayDerefNode *actionlint.ArrayDerefNode) (any, error) {
+	left, err := impl.evaluateNode(arrayDerefNode.Receiver)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return impl.getSafeValue(reflect.ValueOf(left)), nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) getPropertyValue(left reflect.Value, property string) (value any, err error) {
+	switch left.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Pointer:
+		return impl.getPropertyValue(left.Elem(), property)
+
+	case reflect.Struct:
+		leftType := left.Type()
+		for field := range leftType.Fields() {
+			jsonName := field.Tag.Get("json")
+			if jsonName == property {
+				property = field.Name
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		fieldValue := left.FieldByNameFunc(func(name string) bool {
+			return strings.EqualFold(name, property)
+		})
+
+		if fieldValue.Kind() == reflect.Invalid {
+			return "", nil
+		}
+
+		i := fieldValue.Interface()
+		// The type stepStatus int is an integer, but should be treated as string
+		if m, ok := i.(encoding.TextMarshaler); ok {
+			text, err := m.MarshalText()
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			return string(text), nil
+		}
+		return i, nil
+
+	case reflect.Map:
+		iter := left.MapRange()
+
+		for iter.Next() {
+			key := iter.Key()
+
+			switch key.Kind() {
+			case reflect.String:
+				if strings.EqualFold(key.String(), property) {
+					return impl.getMapValue(iter.Value())
+				}
+
+			default:
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("'%s' in map key not implemented", key.Kind())
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		var values []any
+
+		for i := 0; i < left.Len(); i++ {
+			value, err := impl.getPropertyValue(left.Index(i).Elem(), property)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			values = append(values, value)
+		}
+
+		return values, nil
+	}
+
+	return nil, nil //nolint:nilnil // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) getMapValue(value reflect.Value) (any, error) {
+	if value.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
+		return impl.getMapValue(value.Elem())
+	}
+
+	return value.Interface(), nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) evaluateNot(notNode *actionlint.NotOpNode) (any, error) {
+	operand, err := impl.evaluateNode(notNode.Operand)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return !IsTruthy(operand), nil
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) evaluateCompare(compareNode *actionlint.CompareOpNode) (any, error) {
+	left, err := impl.evaluateNode(compareNode.Left)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	right, err := impl.evaluateNode(compareNode.Right)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	leftValue := reflect.ValueOf(left)
+	rightValue := reflect.ValueOf(right)
+
+	return impl.compareValues(leftValue, rightValue, compareNode.Kind)
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) compareValues(leftValue, rightValue reflect.Value, kind actionlint.CompareOpNodeKind) (any, error) {
+	if leftValue.Kind() != rightValue.Kind() {
+		if !impl.isNumber(leftValue) {
+			leftValue = impl.coerceToNumber(leftValue)
+		}
+		if !impl.isNumber(rightValue) {
+			rightValue = impl.coerceToNumber(rightValue)
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch leftValue.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		return impl.compareNumber(float64(impl.coerceToNumber(leftValue).Int()), float64(impl.coerceToNumber(rightValue).Int()), kind)
+	case reflect.String:
+		return impl.compareString(strings.ToLower(leftValue.String()), strings.ToLower(rightValue.String()), kind)
+
+	case reflect.Int:
+		if rightValue.Kind() == reflect.Float64 {
+			return impl.compareNumber(float64(leftValue.Int()), rightValue.Float(), kind)
+		}
+
+		return impl.compareNumber(float64(leftValue.Int()), float64(rightValue.Int()), kind)
+
+	case reflect.Float64:
+		if rightValue.Kind() == reflect.Int {
+			return impl.compareNumber(leftValue.Float(), float64(rightValue.Int()), kind)
+		}
+
+		return impl.compareNumber(leftValue.Float(), rightValue.Float(), kind)
+
+	case reflect.Invalid:
+		if rightValue.Kind() == reflect.Invalid {
+			return true, nil
+		}
+
+		// not possible situation - params are converted to the same type in code above
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Compare params of Invalid type: left: %+v, right: %+v", leftValue.Kind(), rightValue.Kind())
+
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Compare not implemented for types: left: %+v, right: %+v", leftValue.Kind(), rightValue.Kind())
+	}
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) coerceToNumber(value reflect.Value) reflect.Value {
+	switch value.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Invalid:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(0)
+
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		switch value.Bool() {
+		case true:
+			return reflect.ValueOf(1)
+		case false:
+			return reflect.ValueOf(0)
+		}
+
+	case reflect.String:
+		if value.String() == "" {
+			return reflect.ValueOf(0)
+		}
+
+		// try to parse the string as a number
+		evaluated, err := impl.Evaluate(value.String(), DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+		if err != nil {
+			return reflect.ValueOf(math.NaN())
+		}
+
+		if value := reflect.ValueOf(evaluated); impl.isNumber(value) {
+			return value
+		}
+	}
+
+	return reflect.ValueOf(math.NaN())
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) coerceToString(value reflect.Value) reflect.Value {
+	switch value.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Invalid:
+		return reflect.ValueOf("")
+
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		switch value.Bool() {
+		case true:
+			return reflect.ValueOf("true")
+		case false:
+			return reflect.ValueOf("false")
+		}
+
+	case reflect.String:
+		return value
+
+	case reflect.Int:
+		return reflect.ValueOf(fmt.Sprint(value))
+
+	case reflect.Float64:
+		if math.IsInf(value.Float(), 1) {
+			return reflect.ValueOf("Infinity")
+		} else if math.IsInf(value.Float(), -1) {
+			return reflect.ValueOf("-Infinity")
+		}
+		return reflect.ValueOf(fmt.Sprintf("%.15G", value.Float()))
+
+	case reflect.Slice:
+		return reflect.ValueOf("Array")
+
+	case reflect.Map:
+		return reflect.ValueOf("Object")
+	}
+
+	return value
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) compareString(left, right string, kind actionlint.CompareOpNodeKind) (bool, error) {
+	switch kind {
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindLess:
+		return left < right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindLessEq:
+		return left <= right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindGreater:
+		return left > right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindGreaterEq:
+		return left >= right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindEq:
+		return left == right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindNotEq:
+		return left != right, nil
+	default:
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("TODO: not implemented to compare '%+v'", kind)
+	}
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) compareNumber(left, right float64, kind actionlint.CompareOpNodeKind) (bool, error) {
+	switch kind {
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindLess:
+		return left < right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindLessEq:
+		return left <= right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindGreater:
+		return left > right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindGreaterEq:
+		return left >= right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindEq:
+		return left == right, nil
+	case actionlint.CompareOpNodeKindNotEq:
+		return left != right, nil
+	default:
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("TODO: not implemented to compare '%+v'", kind)
+	}
+}
+
+func IsTruthy(input any) bool {
+	value := reflect.ValueOf(input)
+	switch value.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		return value.Bool()
+
+	case reflect.String:
+		return value.String() != ""
+
+	case reflect.Int:
+		return value.Int() != 0
+
+	case reflect.Float64:
+		if math.IsNaN(value.Float()) {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		return value.Float() != 0
+
+	case reflect.Map, reflect.Slice:
+		return true
+
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) isNumber(value reflect.Value) bool {
+	switch value.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Float64:
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) getSafeValue(value reflect.Value) any {
+	switch value.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Invalid:
+		return nil
+
+	case reflect.Float64:
+		if value.Float() == 0 {
+			return 0
+		}
+	}
+
+	return value.Interface()
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) evaluateLogicalCompare(compareNode *actionlint.LogicalOpNode) (any, error) {
+	left, err := impl.evaluateNode(compareNode.Left)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	leftValue := reflect.ValueOf(left)
+
+	if IsTruthy(left) == (compareNode.Kind == actionlint.LogicalOpNodeKindOr) {
+		return impl.getSafeValue(leftValue), nil
+	}
+
+	right, err := impl.evaluateNode(compareNode.Right)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	rightValue := reflect.ValueOf(right)
+
+	switch compareNode.Kind {
+	case actionlint.LogicalOpNodeKindAnd:
+		return impl.getSafeValue(rightValue), nil
+	case actionlint.LogicalOpNodeKindOr:
+		return impl.getSafeValue(rightValue), nil
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unable to compare incompatibles types '%s' and '%s'", leftValue.Kind(), rightValue.Kind())
+}
+
+func (impl *interperterImpl) evaluateFuncCall(funcCallNode *actionlint.FuncCallNode) (any, error) {
+	args := make([]reflect.Value, 0)
+
+	for _, arg := range funcCallNode.Args {
+		value, err := impl.evaluateNode(arg)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		args = append(args, reflect.ValueOf(value))
+	}
+
+	switch strings.ToLower(funcCallNode.Callee) {
+	case "contains":
+		return impl.contains(args[0], args[1])
+	case "startswith":
+		return impl.startsWith(args[0], args[1])
+	case "endswith":
+		return impl.endsWith(args[0], args[1])
+	case "format":
+		return impl.format(args[0], args[1:]...)
+	case "join":
+		if len(args) == 1 {
+			return impl.join(args[0], reflect.ValueOf(","))
+		}
+		return impl.join(args[0], args[1])
+	case "tojson":
+		return impl.toJSON(args[0])
+	case "fromjson":
+		return impl.fromJSON(args[0])
+	case "hashfiles":
+		if impl.env.HashFiles != nil {
+			return impl.env.HashFiles(args)
+		}
+		return impl.hashFiles(args...)
+	case "always":
+		return impl.always()
+	case "success":
+		if impl.config.Context == "job" {
+			return impl.jobSuccess()
+		}
+		if impl.config.Context == "step" {
+			return impl.stepSuccess()
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Context '%s' must be one of 'job' or 'step'", impl.config.Context)
+	case "failure":
+		if impl.config.Context == "job" {
+			return impl.jobFailure()
+		}
+		if impl.config.Context == "step" {
+			return impl.stepFailure()
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Context '%s' must be one of 'job' or 'step'", impl.config.Context)
+	case "cancelled":
+		return impl.cancelled()
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("TODO: '%s' not implemented", funcCallNode.Callee)
+	}
+}
--- a/act/exprparser/interpreter_test.go
+++ b/act/exprparser/interpreter_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,632 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2022 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package exprparser
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestLiterals(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"true", true, "true"},
+		{"false", false, "false"},
+		{"null", nil, "null"},
+		{"123", 123, "integer"},
+		{"-9.7", -9.7, "float"},
+		{"0xff", 255, "hex"},
+		{"-2.99e-2", -2.99e-2, "exponential"},
+		{"'foo'", "foo", "string"},
+		{"'it''s foo'", "it's foo", "string"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOperators(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+		error    string
+	}{
+		{"(false || (false || true))", true, "logical-grouping", ""},
+		{"github.action", "push", "property-dereference", ""},
+		{"github['action']", "push", "property-index", ""},
+		{"github.action[0]", nil, "string-index", ""},
+		{"github.action['0']", nil, "string-index", ""},
+		{"fromJSON('[0,1]')[1]", 1.0, "array-index", ""},
+		{"fromJSON('[0,1]')[1.1]", nil, "array-index", ""},
+		// Disabled weird things are happening
+		// {"fromJSON('[0,1]')['1.1']", nil, "array-index", ""},
+		{"(github.event.commits.*.author.username)[0]", "someone", "array-index-0", ""},
+		{"fromJSON('[0,1]')[2]", nil, "array-index-out-of-bounds-0", ""},
+		{"fromJSON('[0,1]')[34553]", nil, "array-index-out-of-bounds-1", ""},
+		{"fromJSON('[0,1]')[-1]", nil, "array-index-out-of-bounds-2", ""},
+		{"fromJSON('[0,1]')[-34553]", nil, "array-index-out-of-bounds-3", ""},
+		{"!true", false, "not", ""},
+		{"1 < 2", true, "less-than", ""},
+		{`'b' <= 'a'`, false, "less-than-or-equal", ""},
+		{"1 > 2", false, "greater-than", ""},
+		{`'b' >= 'a'`, true, "greater-than-or-equal", ""},
+		{`'a' == 'a'`, true, "equal", ""},
+		{`'a' != 'a'`, false, "not-equal", ""},
+		{`true && false`, false, "and", ""},
+		{`true || false`, true, "or", ""},
+		{`fromJSON('{}') && true`, true, "and-boolean-object", ""},
+		{`fromJSON('{}') || false`, make(map[string]any), "or-boolean-object", ""},
+		{"github.event.commits[0].author.username != github.event.commits[1].author.username", true, "property-comparison1", ""},
+		{"github.event.commits[0].author.username1 != github.event.commits[1].author.username", true, "property-comparison2", ""},
+		{"github.event.commits[0].author.username != github.event.commits[1].author.username1", true, "property-comparison3", ""},
+		{"github.event.commits[0].author.username1 != github.event.commits[1].author.username2", true, "property-comparison4", ""},
+		{"secrets != env", nil, "property-comparison5", "Compare not implemented for types: left: map, right: map"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{
+		Github: &model.GithubContext{
+			Action: "push",
+			Event: map[string]any{
+				"commits": []any{
+					map[string]any{
+						"author": map[string]any{
+							"username": "someone",
+						},
+					},
+					map[string]any{
+						"author": map[string]any{
+							"username": "someone-else",
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			if tt.error != "" {
+				assert.Error(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.error, err.Error())
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			}
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOperatorsCompare(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"!null", true, "not-null"},
+		{"!-10", false, "not-neg-num"},
+		{"!0", true, "not-zero"},
+		{"!3.14", false, "not-pos-float"},
+		{"!''", true, "not-empty-str"},
+		{"!'abc'", false, "not-str"},
+		{"!fromJSON('{}')", false, "not-obj"},
+		{"!fromJSON('[]')", false, "not-arr"},
+		{`null == 0 }}`, true, "null-coercion"},
+		{`true == 1 }}`, true, "boolean-coercion"},
+		{`'' == 0 }}`, true, "string-0-coercion"},
+		{`'3' == 3 }}`, true, "string-3-coercion"},
+		{`0 == null }}`, true, "null-coercion-alt"},
+		{`1 == true }}`, true, "boolean-coercion-alt"},
+		{`0 == '' }}`, true, "string-0-coercion-alt"},
+		{`3 == '3' }}`, true, "string-3-coercion-alt"},
+		{`'TEST' == 'test' }}`, true, "string-casing"},
+		{"true > false }}", true, "bool-greater-than"},
+		{"true >= false }}", true, "bool-greater-than-eq"},
+		{"true >= true }}", true, "bool-greater-than-1"},
+		{"true != false }}", true, "bool-not-equal"},
+		{`fromJSON('{}') < 2 }}`, false, "object-with-less"},
+		{`fromJSON('{}') < fromJSON('[]') }}`, false, "object/arr-with-lt"},
+		{`fromJSON('{}') > fromJSON('[]') }}`, false, "object/arr-with-gt"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{
+		Github: &model.GithubContext{
+			Action: "push",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOperatorsBooleanEvaluation(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		// true &&
+		{"true && true", true, "true-and"},
+		{"true && false", false, "true-and"},
+		{"true && null", nil, "true-and"},
+		{"true && -10", -10, "true-and"},
+		{"true && 0", 0, "true-and"},
+		{"true && 10", 10, "true-and"},
+		{"true && 3.14", 3.14, "true-and"},
+		{"true && 0.0", 0, "true-and"},
+		{"true && Infinity", math.Inf(1), "true-and"},
+		// {"true && -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "true-and"},
+		{"true && NaN", math.NaN(), "true-and"},
+		{"true && ''", "", "true-and"},
+		{"true && 'abc'", "abc", "true-and"},
+		// false &&
+		{"false && true", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && false", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && null", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && -10", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && 0", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && 10", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && 3.14", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && 0.0", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && Infinity", false, "false-and"},
+		// {"false && -Infinity", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && NaN", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && ''", false, "false-and"},
+		{"false && 'abc'", false, "false-and"},
+		// true ||
+		{"true || true", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || false", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || null", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || -10", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || 0", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || 10", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || 3.14", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || 0.0", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || Infinity", true, "true-or"},
+		// {"true || -Infinity", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || NaN", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || ''", true, "true-or"},
+		{"true || 'abc'", true, "true-or"},
+		// false ||
+		{"false || true", true, "false-or"},
+		{"false || false", false, "false-or"},
+		{"false || null", nil, "false-or"},
+		{"false || -10", -10, "false-or"},
+		{"false || 0", 0, "false-or"},
+		{"false || 10", 10, "false-or"},
+		{"false || 3.14", 3.14, "false-or"},
+		{"false || 0.0", 0, "false-or"},
+		{"false || Infinity", math.Inf(1), "false-or"},
+		// {"false || -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "false-or"},
+		{"false || NaN", math.NaN(), "false-or"},
+		{"false || ''", "", "false-or"},
+		{"false || 'abc'", "abc", "false-or"},
+		// null &&
+		{"null && true", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && false", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && null", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && -10", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && 0", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && 10", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && 3.14", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && 0.0", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && Infinity", nil, "null-and"},
+		// {"null && -Infinity", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && NaN", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && ''", nil, "null-and"},
+		{"null && 'abc'", nil, "null-and"},
+		// null ||
+		{"null || true", true, "null-or"},
+		{"null || false", false, "null-or"},
+		{"null || null", nil, "null-or"},
+		{"null || -10", -10, "null-or"},
+		{"null || 0", 0, "null-or"},
+		{"null || 10", 10, "null-or"},
+		{"null || 3.14", 3.14, "null-or"},
+		{"null || 0.0", 0, "null-or"},
+		{"null || Infinity", math.Inf(1), "null-or"},
+		// {"null || -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "null-or"},
+		{"null || NaN", math.NaN(), "null-or"},
+		{"null || ''", "", "null-or"},
+		{"null || 'abc'", "abc", "null-or"},
+		// -10 &&
+		{"-10 && true", true, "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && false", false, "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && null", nil, "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && -10", -10, "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && 0", 0, "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && 10", 10, "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && 3.14", 3.14, "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && 0.0", 0, "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && Infinity", math.Inf(1), "neg-num-and"},
+		// {"-10 && -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && NaN", math.NaN(), "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && ''", "", "neg-num-and"},
+		{"-10 && 'abc'", "abc", "neg-num-and"},
+		// -10 ||
+		{"-10 || true", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || false", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || null", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || -10", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || 0", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || 10", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || 3.14", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || 0.0", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || Infinity", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		// {"-10 || -Infinity", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || NaN", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || ''", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		{"-10 || 'abc'", -10, "neg-num-or"},
+		// 0 &&
+		{"0 && true", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && false", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && null", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && -10", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && 0", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && 10", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && 3.14", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && 0.0", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && Infinity", 0, "zero-and"},
+		// {"0 && -Infinity", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && NaN", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && ''", 0, "zero-and"},
+		{"0 && 'abc'", 0, "zero-and"},
+		// 0 ||
+		{"0 || true", true, "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || false", false, "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || null", nil, "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || -10", -10, "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || 0", 0, "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || 10", 10, "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || 3.14", 3.14, "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || 0.0", 0, "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || Infinity", math.Inf(1), "zero-or"},
+		// {"0 || -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || NaN", math.NaN(), "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || ''", "", "zero-or"},
+		{"0 || 'abc'", "abc", "zero-or"},
+		// 10 &&
+		{"10 && true", true, "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && false", false, "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && null", nil, "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && -10", -10, "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && 0", 0, "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && 10", 10, "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && 3.14", 3.14, "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && 0.0", 0, "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && Infinity", math.Inf(1), "pos-num-and"},
+		// {"10 && -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && NaN", math.NaN(), "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && ''", "", "pos-num-and"},
+		{"10 && 'abc'", "abc", "pos-num-and"},
+		// 10 ||
+		{"10 || true", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || false", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || null", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || -10", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || 0", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || 10", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || 3.14", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || 0.0", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || Infinity", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		// {"10 || -Infinity", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || NaN", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || ''", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		{"10 || 'abc'", 10, "pos-num-or"},
+		// 3.14 &&
+		{"3.14 && true", true, "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && false", false, "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && null", nil, "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && -10", -10, "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && 0", 0, "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && 10", 10, "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && 3.14", 3.14, "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && 0.0", 0, "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && Infinity", math.Inf(1), "pos-float-and"},
+		// {"3.14 && -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && NaN", math.NaN(), "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && ''", "", "pos-float-and"},
+		{"3.14 && 'abc'", "abc", "pos-float-and"},
+		// 3.14 ||
+		{"3.14 || true", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || false", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || null", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || -10", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || 0", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || 10", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || 3.14", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || 0.0", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || Infinity", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		// {"3.14 || -Infinity", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || NaN", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || ''", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		{"3.14 || 'abc'", 3.14, "pos-float-or"},
+		// Infinity &&
+		{"Infinity && true", true, "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && false", false, "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && null", nil, "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && -10", -10, "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && 0", 0, "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && 10", 10, "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && 3.14", 3.14, "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && 0.0", 0, "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && Infinity", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-and"},
+		// {"Infinity && -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && NaN", math.NaN(), "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && ''", "", "pos-inf-and"},
+		{"Infinity && 'abc'", "abc", "pos-inf-and"},
+		// Infinity ||
+		{"Infinity || true", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || false", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || null", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || -10", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || 0", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || 10", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || 3.14", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || 0.0", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || Infinity", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		// {"Infinity || -Infinity", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || NaN", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || ''", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		{"Infinity || 'abc'", math.Inf(1), "pos-inf-or"},
+		// -Infinity &&
+		// {"-Infinity && true", true, "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && false", false, "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && null", nil, "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && -10", -10, "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && 0", 0, "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && 10", 10, "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && 3.14", 3.14, "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && 0.0", 0, "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && Infinity", math.Inf(1), "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && NaN", math.NaN(), "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && ''", "", "neg-inf-and"},
+		// {"-Infinity && 'abc'", "abc", "neg-inf-and"},
+		// -Infinity ||
+		// {"-Infinity || true", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || false", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || null", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || -10", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || 0", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || 10", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || 3.14", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || 0.0", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || NaN", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || ''", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// {"-Infinity || 'abc'", math.Inf(-1), "neg-inf-or"},
+		// NaN &&
+		{"NaN && true", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && false", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && null", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && -10", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && 0", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && 10", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && 3.14", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && 0.0", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && Infinity", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		// {"NaN && -Infinity", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && NaN", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && ''", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		{"NaN && 'abc'", math.NaN(), "nan-and"},
+		// NaN ||
+		{"NaN || true", true, "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || false", false, "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || null", nil, "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || -10", -10, "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || 0", 0, "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || 10", 10, "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || 3.14", 3.14, "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || 0.0", 0, "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || Infinity", math.Inf(1), "nan-or"},
+		// {"NaN || -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || NaN", math.NaN(), "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || ''", "", "nan-or"},
+		{"NaN || 'abc'", "abc", "nan-or"},
+		// "" &&
+		{"'' && true", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && false", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && null", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && -10", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && 0", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && 10", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && 3.14", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && 0.0", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && Infinity", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		// {"'' && -Infinity", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && NaN", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && ''", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		{"'' && 'abc'", "", "empty-str-and"},
+		// "" ||
+		{"'' || true", true, "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || false", false, "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || null", nil, "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || -10", -10, "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || 0", 0, "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || 10", 10, "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || 3.14", 3.14, "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || 0.0", 0, "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || Infinity", math.Inf(1), "empty-str-or"},
+		// {"'' || -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || NaN", math.NaN(), "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || ''", "", "empty-str-or"},
+		{"'' || 'abc'", "abc", "empty-str-or"},
+		// "abc" &&
+		{"'abc' && true", true, "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && false", false, "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && null", nil, "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && -10", -10, "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && 0", 0, "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && 10", 10, "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && 3.14", 3.14, "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && 0.0", 0, "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && Infinity", math.Inf(1), "str-and"},
+		// {"'abc' && -Infinity", math.Inf(-1), "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && NaN", math.NaN(), "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && ''", "", "str-and"},
+		{"'abc' && 'abc'", "abc", "str-and"},
+		// "abc" ||
+		{"'abc' || true", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || false", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || null", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || -10", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || 0", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || 10", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || 3.14", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || 0.0", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || Infinity", "abc", "str-or"},
+		// {"'abc' || -Infinity", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || NaN", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || ''", "abc", "str-or"},
+		{"'abc' || 'abc'", "abc", "str-or"},
+		// extra tests
+		{"0.0 && true", 0, "float-evaluation-0-alt"},
+		{"-1.5 && true", true, "float-evaluation-neg-alt"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{
+		Github: &model.GithubContext{
+			Action: "push",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			if expected, ok := tt.expected.(float64); ok && math.IsNaN(expected) {
+				assert.True(t, math.IsNaN(output.(float64)))
+			} else {
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestContexts(t *testing.T) {
+	table := []struct {
+		input    string
+		expected any
+		name     string
+	}{
+		{"github.action", "push", "github-context"},
+		{"github.event.commits[0].message", nil, "github-context-noexist-prop"},
+		{"fromjson('{\"commits\":[]}').commits[0].message", nil, "github-context-noexist-prop"},
+		{"github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name", nil, "github-context-noexist-prop"},
+		{"env.TEST", "value", "env-context"},
+		{"job.status", "success", "job-context"},
+		{"steps.step-id.outputs.name", "value", "steps-context"},
+		{"steps.step-id.conclusion", "success", "steps-context-conclusion"},
+		{"steps.step-id.conclusion && true", true, "steps-context-conclusion"},
+		{"steps.step-id2.conclusion", "skipped", "steps-context-conclusion"},
+		{"steps.step-id2.conclusion && true", true, "steps-context-conclusion"},
+		{"steps.step-id.outcome", "success", "steps-context-outcome"},
+		{"steps.step-id['outcome']", "success", "steps-context-outcome"},
+		{"steps.step-id.outcome == 'success'", true, "steps-context-outcome"},
+		{"steps.step-id['outcome'] == 'success'", true, "steps-context-outcome"},
+		{"steps.step-id.outcome && true", true, "steps-context-outcome"},
+		{"steps['step-id']['outcome'] && true", true, "steps-context-outcome"},
+		{"steps.step-id2.outcome", "failure", "steps-context-outcome"},
+		{"steps.step-id2.outcome && true", true, "steps-context-outcome"},
+		// Disabled, since the interpreter is still too broken
+		// {"contains(steps.*.outcome, 'success')", true, "steps-context-array-outcome"},
+		// {"contains(steps.*.outcome, 'failure')", true, "steps-context-array-outcome"},
+		// {"contains(steps.*.outputs.name, 'value')", true, "steps-context-array-outputs"},
+		{"runner.os", "Linux", "runner-context"},
+		{"secrets.name", "value", "secrets-context"},
+		{"vars.name", "value", "vars-context"},
+		{"strategy.fail-fast", true, "strategy-context"},
+		{"matrix.os", "Linux", "matrix-context"},
+		{"needs.job-id.outputs.output-name", "value", "needs-context"},
+		{"needs.job-id.result", "success", "needs-context"},
+		{"inputs.name", "value", "inputs-context"},
+	}
+
+	env := &EvaluationEnvironment{
+		Github: &model.GithubContext{
+			Action: "push",
+		},
+		Env: map[string]string{
+			"TEST": "value",
+		},
+		Job: &model.JobContext{
+			Status: "success",
+		},
+		Steps: map[string]*model.StepResult{
+			"step-id": {
+				Outputs: map[string]string{
+					"name": "value",
+				},
+			},
+			"step-id2": {
+				Outcome:    model.StepStatusFailure,
+				Conclusion: model.StepStatusSkipped,
+			},
+		},
+		Runner: map[string]any{
+			"os":         "Linux",
+			"temp":       "/tmp",
+			"tool_cache": "/opt/hostedtoolcache",
+		},
+		Secrets: map[string]string{
+			"name": "value",
+		},
+		Vars: map[string]string{
+			"name": "value",
+		},
+		Strategy: map[string]any{
+			"fail-fast": true,
+		},
+		Matrix: map[string]any{
+			"os": "Linux",
+		},
+		Needs: map[string]Needs{
+			"job-id": {
+				Outputs: map[string]string{
+					"output-name": "value",
+				},
+				Result: "success",
+			},
+		},
+		Inputs: map[string]any{
+			"name": "value",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range table {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			output, err := NewInterpeter(env, Config{}).Evaluate(tt.input, DefaultStatusCheckNone)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, output)
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/act/exprparser/testdata/for-hashing-1.txt
+++ b/act/exprparser/testdata/for-hashing-1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello
--- a/act/exprparser/testdata/for-hashing-2.txt
+++ b/act/exprparser/testdata/for-hashing-2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+World!
--- a/act/exprparser/testdata/for-hashing-3/data.txt
+++ b/act/exprparser/testdata/for-hashing-3/data.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Knock knock!
--- a/act/exprparser/testdata/for-hashing-3/nested/nested-data.txt
+++ b/act/exprparser/testdata/for-hashing-3/nested/nested-data.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Anybody home?
--- a/act/filecollector/file_collector_test.go
+++ b/act/filecollector/file_collector_test.go
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
-	"time"

 	"github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5/memfs"
@@ -222,63 +221,3 @@ func TestCopyCollectorWriteFileOverwritesFileWithSymlink(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, "target", resolved)
 }
-
-func TestDefaultFsOpenReadlinkAndWalk(t *testing.T) {
-	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
-		t.Skip("creating symlinks requires elevated privileges on Windows")
-	}
-
-	root := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(root, "file.txt"), []byte("content"), 0o644))
-	require.NoError(t, os.Symlink("file.txt", filepath.Join(root, "link.txt")))
-
-	fsys := &DefaultFs{}
-	var walked []string
-	require.NoError(t, fsys.Walk(root, func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		walked = append(walked, info.Name())
-		return nil
-	}))
-	require.Contains(t, walked, "file.txt")
-	require.Contains(t, walked, "link.txt")
-
-	file, err := fsys.Open(filepath.Join(root, "file.txt"))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	data, err := io.ReadAll(file)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NoError(t, file.Close())
-	require.Equal(t, "content", string(data))
-
-	link, err := fsys.Readlink(filepath.Join(root, "link.txt"))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Equal(t, "file.txt", link)
-}
-
-func TestFileCollectorCancellationAndWalkError(t *testing.T) {
-	fc := &FileCollector{Fs: &memoryFs{Filesystem: memfs.New()}}
-	walk := fc.CollectFiles(cancelledContext(t), nil)
-
-	err := walk("file", fakeFileInfo{name: "file"}, nil)
-	require.EqualError(t, err, "copy cancelled")
-
-	err = walk("file", fakeFileInfo{name: "file"}, os.ErrPermission)
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, os.ErrPermission)
-}
-
-func cancelledContext(t *testing.T) context.Context {
-	t.Helper()
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-	cancel()
-	return ctx
-}
-
-type fakeFileInfo struct {
-	name string
-}
-
-func (f fakeFileInfo) Name() string       { return f.name }
-func (f fakeFileInfo) Size() int64        { return 0 }
-func (f fakeFileInfo) Mode() os.FileMode  { return 0o644 }
-func (f fakeFileInfo) ModTime() time.Time { return time.Time{} }
-func (f fakeFileInfo) IsDir() bool        { return false }
-func (f fakeFileInfo) Sys() any           { return nil }
--- a/act/ghcontext/github_context.go
+++ b/act/ghcontext/github_context.go
@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// Copyright 2021 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-// Package ghcontext fills a model.GithubContext from the local git checkout.
-// The pure data parts of the context live in the shared
-// gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model package, only the helpers that need a
-// git repository on disk are kept here.
-package ghcontext
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common/git"
-
-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
-)
-
-var (
-	findGitRef      = git.FindGitRef
-	findGitRevision = git.FindGitRevision
-	findGithubRepo  = git.FindGithubRepo
-)
-
-func withDefaultBranch(ctx context.Context, b string, event map[string]any) map[string]any {
-	repoI, ok := event["repository"]
-	if !ok {
-		repoI = make(map[string]any)
-	}
-
-	repo, ok := repoI.(map[string]any)
-	if !ok {
-		common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("unable to set default branch to %v", b)
-		return event
-	}
-
-	// if the branch is already there return with no changes
-	if _, ok = repo["default_branch"]; ok {
-		return event
-	}
-
-	repo["default_branch"] = b
-	event["repository"] = repo
-
-	return event
-}
-
-// SetRef resolves the ref of the context from its event payload, falling back
-// to the ref checked out in repoPath.
-func SetRef(ctx context.Context, ghc *model.GithubContext, defaultBranch, repoPath string) {
-	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-
-	// https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/events-that-trigger-workflows
-	// https://docs.github.com/en/developers/webhooks-and-events/webhooks/webhook-events-and-payloads
-	switch ghc.EventName {
-	case "pull_request_target":
-		ghc.Ref = "refs/heads/" + ghc.BaseRef
-	case "pull_request", "pull_request_review", "pull_request_review_comment":
-		ghc.Ref = fmt.Sprintf("refs/pull/%.0f/merge", ghc.Event["number"])
-	case "deployment", "deployment_status":
-		ghc.Ref = model.AsString(model.NestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "deployment", "ref"))
-	case "release":
-		ghc.Ref = "refs/tags/" + model.AsString(model.NestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "release", "tag_name"))
-	case "push", "create", "workflow_dispatch":
-		ghc.Ref = model.AsString(ghc.Event["ref"])
-	default:
-		defaultBranch := model.AsString(model.NestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "repository", "default_branch"))
-		if defaultBranch != "" {
-			ghc.Ref = "refs/heads/" + defaultBranch
-		}
-	}
-
-	if ghc.Ref == "" {
-		ref, err := findGitRef(ctx, repoPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			logger.Warningf("unable to get git ref: %v", err)
-		} else {
-			logger.Debugf("using github ref: %s", ref)
-			ghc.Ref = ref
-		}
-
-		// set the branch in the event data
-		if defaultBranch != "" {
-			ghc.Event = withDefaultBranch(ctx, defaultBranch, ghc.Event)
-		} else {
-			ghc.Event = withDefaultBranch(ctx, "master", ghc.Event)
-		}
-
-		if ghc.Ref == "" {
-			ghc.Ref = "refs/heads/" + model.AsString(model.NestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "repository", "default_branch"))
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// SetSha resolves the commit of the context from its event payload, falling
-// back to the revision checked out in repoPath.
-func SetSha(ctx context.Context, ghc *model.GithubContext, repoPath string) {
-	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-
-	// https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/events-that-trigger-workflows
-	// https://docs.github.com/en/developers/webhooks-and-events/webhooks/webhook-events-and-payloads
-	switch ghc.EventName {
-	case "pull_request_target":
-		ghc.Sha = model.AsString(model.NestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "pull_request", "base", "sha"))
-	case "deployment", "deployment_status":
-		ghc.Sha = model.AsString(model.NestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "deployment", "sha"))
-	case "push", "create", "workflow_dispatch":
-		if deleted, ok := ghc.Event["deleted"].(bool); ok && !deleted {
-			ghc.Sha = model.AsString(ghc.Event["after"])
-		}
-	}
-
-	if ghc.Sha == "" {
-		_, sha, err := findGitRevision(ctx, repoPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			logger.Warningf("unable to get git revision: %v", err)
-		} else {
-			ghc.Sha = sha
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// SetRepositoryAndOwner resolves the repository of the context from the git
-// remote in repoPath when it is not set yet, and derives its owner.
-func SetRepositoryAndOwner(ctx context.Context, ghc *model.GithubContext, githubInstance, remoteName, repoPath string) {
-	if ghc.Repository == "" {
-		repo, err := findGithubRepo(ctx, repoPath, githubInstance, remoteName)
-		if err != nil {
-			common.Logger(ctx).Warningf("unable to get git repo (githubInstance: %v; remoteName: %v, repoPath: %v): %v", githubInstance, remoteName, repoPath, err)
-			return
-		}
-		ghc.Repository = repo
-	}
-	ghc.RepositoryOwner = strings.Split(ghc.Repository, "/")[0]
-}
--- a/act/lookpath/lp_unix_test.go
+++ b/act/lookpath/lp_unix_test.go
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-//go:build aix || darwin || dragonfly || freebsd || linux || netbsd || openbsd || solaris
-
-package lookpath
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"io/fs"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-type testEnv map[string]string
-
-func (e testEnv) Getenv(name string) string {
-	return e[name]
-}
-
-func TestLookPath2SearchesPathAndEmptyElement(t *testing.T) {
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	exe := filepath.Join(dir, "tool")
-	if err := os.WriteFile(exe, []byte("#!/bin/sh\n"), 0o755); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	got, err := LookPath2("tool", testEnv{"PATH": string(filepath.ListSeparator) + dir})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if got != exe {
-		t.Fatalf("LookPath2() = %q, want %q", got, exe)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLookPath2DirectPathDoesNotSearchPath(t *testing.T) {
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	exe := filepath.Join(dir, "tool")
-	if err := os.WriteFile(exe, []byte("#!/bin/sh\n"), 0o755); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	got, err := LookPath2(exe, testEnv{"PATH": ""})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if got != exe {
-		t.Fatalf("LookPath2() = %q, want %q", got, exe)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLookPath2ReportsPermissionAndNotFound(t *testing.T) {
-	dir := t.TempDir()
-	file := filepath.Join(dir, "not-executable")
-	if err := os.WriteFile(file, []byte("plain text"), 0o644); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	_, err := LookPath2(file, testEnv{"PATH": dir})
-	var pathErr *Error
-	if !errors.As(err, &pathErr) || !errors.Is(pathErr.Err, fs.ErrPermission) {
-		t.Fatalf("LookPath2(non-executable) error = %v, want fs.ErrPermission wrapped in *Error", err)
-	}
-	if pathErr.Error() != fs.ErrPermission.Error() {
-		t.Fatalf("Error() = %q, want %q", pathErr.Error(), fs.ErrPermission.Error())
-	}
-
-	_, err = LookPath2("missing", testEnv{"PATH": dir})
-	if !errors.As(err, &pathErr) || !errors.Is(pathErr.Err, ErrNotFound) {
-		t.Fatalf("LookPath2(missing) error = %v, want ErrNotFound wrapped in *Error", err)
-	}
-}
--- a/act/lookpath/lp_windows.go
+++ b/act/lookpath/lp_windows.go
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func LookPath2(file string, lenv Env) (string, error) {
 	var exts []string
 	x := lenv.Getenv(`PATHEXT`)
 	if x != "" {
-		for e := range strings.SplitSeq(strings.ToLower(x), `;`) {
+		for _, e := range strings.Split(strings.ToLower(x), `;`) {
 			if e == "" {
 				continue
 			}
--- a/act/model/action.go
+++ b/act/model/action.go
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2020 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package model
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+
+	"go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
+)
+
+// ActionRunsUsing is the type of runner for the action
+type ActionRunsUsing string
+
+func (a *ActionRunsUsing) UnmarshalYAML(unmarshal func(any) error) error {
+	var using string
+	if err := unmarshal(&using); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Force input to lowercase for case insensitive comparison
+	format := ActionRunsUsing(strings.ToLower(using))
+	switch format {
+	case ActionRunsUsingNode24, ActionRunsUsingNode20, ActionRunsUsingNode16, ActionRunsUsingNode12, ActionRunsUsingDocker, ActionRunsUsingComposite, ActionRunsUsingGo:
+		*a = format
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("The runs.using key in action.yml must be one of: %v, got %s", []string{
+			ActionRunsUsingComposite,
+			ActionRunsUsingDocker,
+			ActionRunsUsingNode12,
+			ActionRunsUsingNode16,
+			ActionRunsUsingNode20,
+			ActionRunsUsingNode24,
+			ActionRunsUsingGo,
+		}, format)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+const (
+	// ActionRunsUsingNode12 for running with node12
+	ActionRunsUsingNode12 = "node12"
+	// ActionRunsUsingNode16 for running with node16
+	ActionRunsUsingNode16 = "node16"
+	// ActionRunsUsingNode20 for running with node20
+	ActionRunsUsingNode20 = "node20"
+	// ActionRunsUsingNode24 for running with node24
+	ActionRunsUsingNode24 = "node24"
+	// ActionRunsUsingDocker for running with docker
+	ActionRunsUsingDocker = "docker"
+	// ActionRunsUsingComposite for running composite
+	ActionRunsUsingComposite = "composite"
+	// ActionRunsUsingGo for running with go
+	ActionRunsUsingGo = "go"
+)
+
+func (a ActionRunsUsing) IsNode() bool {
+	switch a {
+	case ActionRunsUsingNode12, ActionRunsUsingNode16, ActionRunsUsingNode20, ActionRunsUsingNode24:
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func (a ActionRunsUsing) IsDocker() bool {
+	return a == ActionRunsUsingDocker
+}
+
+func (a ActionRunsUsing) IsComposite() bool {
+	return a == ActionRunsUsingComposite
+}
+
+// ActionRuns are a field in Action
+type ActionRuns struct {
+	Using      ActionRunsUsing   `yaml:"using"`
+	Env        map[string]string `yaml:"env"`
+	Main       string            `yaml:"main"`
+	Pre        string            `yaml:"pre"`
+	PreIf      string            `yaml:"pre-if"`
+	Post       string            `yaml:"post"`
+	PostIf     string            `yaml:"post-if"`
+	Image      string            `yaml:"image"`
+	Entrypoint string            `yaml:"entrypoint"`
+	Args       []string          `yaml:"args"`
+	Steps      []Step            `yaml:"steps"`
+}
+
+// Action describes a metadata file for GitHub actions. The metadata filename must be either action.yml or action.yaml. The data in the metadata file defines the inputs, outputs and main entrypoint for your action.
+type Action struct {
+	Name        string            `yaml:"name"`
+	Author      string            `yaml:"author"`
+	Description string            `yaml:"description"`
+	Inputs      map[string]Input  `yaml:"inputs"`
+	Outputs     map[string]Output `yaml:"outputs"`
+	Runs        ActionRuns        `yaml:"runs"`
+	Branding    struct {
+		Color string `yaml:"color"`
+		Icon  string `yaml:"icon"`
+	} `yaml:"branding"`
+}
+
+// Input parameters allow you to specify data that the action expects to use during runtime. GitHub stores input parameters as environment variables. Input ids with uppercase letters are converted to lowercase during runtime. We recommended using lowercase input ids.
+type Input struct {
+	Description string `yaml:"description"`
+	Required    bool   `yaml:"required"`
+	Default     string `yaml:"default"`
+}
+
+// Output parameters allow you to declare data that an action sets. Actions that run later in a workflow can use the output data set in previously run actions. For example, if you had an action that performed the addition of two inputs (x + y = z), the action could output the sum (z) for other actions to use as an input.
+type Output struct {
+	Description string `yaml:"description"`
+	Value       string `yaml:"value"`
+}
+
+// ReadAction reads an action from a reader
+func ReadAction(in io.Reader) (*Action, error) {
+	a := new(Action)
+	err := yaml.NewDecoder(in).Decode(a)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// set defaults
+	if a.Runs.PreIf == "" {
+		a.Runs.PreIf = "always()"
+	}
+	if a.Runs.PostIf == "" {
+		a.Runs.PostIf = "always()"
+	}
+
+	return a, nil
+}
--- a/act/model/github_context.go
+++ b/act/model/github_context.go
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2021 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package model
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common/git"
+)
+
+type GithubContext struct {
+	Event            map[string]any `json:"event"`
+	EventPath        string         `json:"event_path"`
+	Workflow         string         `json:"workflow"`
+	RunID            string         `json:"run_id"`
+	RunNumber        string         `json:"run_number"`
+	Actor            string         `json:"actor"`
+	Repository       string         `json:"repository"`
+	EventName        string         `json:"event_name"`
+	Sha              string         `json:"sha"`
+	Ref              string         `json:"ref"`
+	RefName          string         `json:"ref_name"`
+	RefType          string         `json:"ref_type"`
+	HeadRef          string         `json:"head_ref"`
+	BaseRef          string         `json:"base_ref"`
+	Token            string         `json:"token"`
+	Workspace        string         `json:"workspace"`
+	Action           string         `json:"action"`
+	ActionPath       string         `json:"action_path"`
+	ActionRef        string         `json:"action_ref"`
+	ActionRepository string         `json:"action_repository"`
+	Job              string         `json:"job"`
+	JobName          string         `json:"job_name"`
+	RepositoryOwner  string         `json:"repository_owner"`
+	RetentionDays    string         `json:"retention_days"`
+	RunnerPerflog    string         `json:"runner_perflog"`
+	RunnerTrackingID string         `json:"runner_tracking_id"`
+	ServerURL        string         `json:"server_url"`
+	APIURL           string         `json:"api_url"`
+	GraphQLURL       string         `json:"graphql_url"`
+
+	// For Gitea
+	RunAttempt string `json:"run_attempt"`
+}
+
+func asString(v any) string {
+	if v == nil {
+		return ""
+	} else if s, ok := v.(string); ok {
+		return s
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func nestedMapLookup(m map[string]any, ks ...string) (rval any) {
+	var ok bool
+
+	if len(ks) == 0 { // degenerate input
+		return nil
+	}
+	if rval, ok = m[ks[0]]; !ok {
+		return nil
+	} else if len(ks) == 1 { // we've reached the final key
+		return rval
+	} else if m, ok = rval.(map[string]any); !ok {
+		return nil
+	} else { // 1+ more keys
+		return nestedMapLookup(m, ks[1:]...)
+	}
+}
+
+func withDefaultBranch(ctx context.Context, b string, event map[string]any) map[string]any {
+	repoI, ok := event["repository"]
+	if !ok {
+		repoI = make(map[string]any)
+	}
+
+	repo, ok := repoI.(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("unable to set default branch to %v", b)
+		return event
+	}
+
+	// if the branch is already there return with no changes
+	if _, ok = repo["default_branch"]; ok {
+		return event
+	}
+
+	repo["default_branch"] = b
+	event["repository"] = repo
+
+	return event
+}
+
+var (
+	findGitRef      = git.FindGitRef
+	findGitRevision = git.FindGitRevision
+)
+
+func (ghc *GithubContext) SetRef(ctx context.Context, defaultBranch, repoPath string) {
+	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
+
+	// https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/events-that-trigger-workflows
+	// https://docs.github.com/en/developers/webhooks-and-events/webhooks/webhook-events-and-payloads
+	switch ghc.EventName {
+	case "pull_request_target":
+		ghc.Ref = "refs/heads/" + ghc.BaseRef
+	case "pull_request", "pull_request_review", "pull_request_review_comment":
+		ghc.Ref = fmt.Sprintf("refs/pull/%.0f/merge", ghc.Event["number"])
+	case "deployment", "deployment_status":
+		ghc.Ref = asString(nestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "deployment", "ref"))
+	case "release":
+		ghc.Ref = "refs/tags/" + asString(nestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "release", "tag_name"))
+	case "push", "create", "workflow_dispatch":
+		ghc.Ref = asString(ghc.Event["ref"])
+	default:
+		defaultBranch := asString(nestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "repository", "default_branch"))
+		if defaultBranch != "" {
+			ghc.Ref = "refs/heads/" + defaultBranch
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ghc.Ref == "" {
+		ref, err := findGitRef(ctx, repoPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Warningf("unable to get git ref: %v", err)
+		} else {
+			logger.Debugf("using github ref: %s", ref)
+			ghc.Ref = ref
+		}
+
+		// set the branch in the event data
+		if defaultBranch != "" {
+			ghc.Event = withDefaultBranch(ctx, defaultBranch, ghc.Event)
+		} else {
+			ghc.Event = withDefaultBranch(ctx, "master", ghc.Event)
+		}
+
+		if ghc.Ref == "" {
+			ghc.Ref = "refs/heads/" + asString(nestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "repository", "default_branch"))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (ghc *GithubContext) SetSha(ctx context.Context, repoPath string) {
+	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
+
+	// https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/events-that-trigger-workflows
+	// https://docs.github.com/en/developers/webhooks-and-events/webhooks/webhook-events-and-payloads
+	switch ghc.EventName {
+	case "pull_request_target":
+		ghc.Sha = asString(nestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "pull_request", "base", "sha"))
+	case "deployment", "deployment_status":
+		ghc.Sha = asString(nestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "deployment", "sha"))
+	case "push", "create", "workflow_dispatch":
+		if deleted, ok := ghc.Event["deleted"].(bool); ok && !deleted {
+			ghc.Sha = asString(ghc.Event["after"])
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ghc.Sha == "" {
+		_, sha, err := findGitRevision(ctx, repoPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Warningf("unable to get git revision: %v", err)
+		} else {
+			ghc.Sha = sha
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (ghc *GithubContext) SetRepositoryAndOwner(ctx context.Context, githubInstance, remoteName, repoPath string) {
+	if ghc.Repository == "" {
+		repo, err := git.FindGithubRepo(ctx, repoPath, githubInstance, remoteName)
+		if err != nil {
+			common.Logger(ctx).Warningf("unable to get git repo (githubInstance: %v; remoteName: %v, repoPath: %v): %v", githubInstance, remoteName, repoPath, err)
+			return
+		}
+		ghc.Repository = repo
+	}
+	ghc.RepositoryOwner = strings.Split(ghc.Repository, "/")[0]
+}
+
+func (ghc *GithubContext) SetRefTypeAndName() {
+	var refType, refName string
+
+	// https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/environment-variables
+	if strings.HasPrefix(ghc.Ref, "refs/tags/") {
+		refType = "tag"
+		refName = ghc.Ref[len("refs/tags/"):]
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(ghc.Ref, "refs/heads/") {
+		refType = "branch"
+		refName = ghc.Ref[len("refs/heads/"):]
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(ghc.Ref, "refs/pull/") {
+		refType = ""
+		refName = ghc.Ref[len("refs/pull/"):]
+	}
+
+	if ghc.RefType == "" {
+		ghc.RefType = refType
+	}
+
+	if ghc.RefName == "" {
+		ghc.RefName = refName
+	}
+}
+
+func (ghc *GithubContext) SetBaseAndHeadRef() {
+	if ghc.EventName == "pull_request" || ghc.EventName == "pull_request_target" {
+		if ghc.BaseRef == "" {
+			ghc.BaseRef = asString(nestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "pull_request", "base", "ref"))
+		}
+
+		if ghc.HeadRef == "" {
+			ghc.HeadRef = asString(nestedMapLookup(ghc.Event, "pull_request", "head", "ref"))
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/act/ghcontext/github_context_test.go
+++ b/act/ghcontext/github_context_test.go
@@ -2,14 +2,13 @@
 // Copyright 2022 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-package ghcontext
+package model

 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"testing"

-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
@@ -98,13 +97,13 @@ func TestSetRef(t *testing.T) {

 	for _, table := range tables {
 		t.Run(table.eventName, func(t *testing.T) {
-			ghc := &model.GithubContext{
+			ghc := &GithubContext{
 				EventName: table.eventName,
 				BaseRef:   "master",
 				Event:     table.event,
 			}

-			SetRef(context.Background(), ghc, "main", "/some/dir")
+			ghc.SetRef(context.Background(), "main", "/some/dir")
 			ghc.SetRefTypeAndName()

 			assert.Equal(t, table.ref, ghc.Ref)
@@ -117,12 +116,12 @@ func TestSetRef(t *testing.T) {
 			return "", errors.New("no default branch")
 		}

-		ghc := &model.GithubContext{
+		ghc := &GithubContext{
 			EventName: "no-default-branch",
 			Event:     map[string]any{},
 		}

-		SetRef(context.Background(), ghc, "", "/some/dir")
+		ghc.SetRef(context.Background(), "", "/some/dir")

 		assert.Equal(t, "refs/heads/master", ghc.Ref)
 	})
@@ -203,13 +202,13 @@ func TestSetSha(t *testing.T) {

 	for _, table := range tables {
 		t.Run(table.eventName, func(t *testing.T) {
-			ghc := &model.GithubContext{
+			ghc := &GithubContext{
 				EventName: table.eventName,
 				BaseRef:   "master",
 				Event:     table.event,
 			}

-			SetSha(context.Background(), ghc, "/some/dir")
+			ghc.SetSha(context.Background(), "/some/dir")

 			assert.Equal(t, table.sha, ghc.Sha)
 		})
--- a/act/model/job_context.go
+++ b/act/model/job_context.go
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2021 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package model
+
+type JobContext struct {
+	Status    string `json:"status"`
+	Container struct {
+		ID      string `json:"id"`
+		Network string `json:"network"`
+	} `json:"container"`
+	Services map[string]struct {
+		ID string `json:"id"`
+	} `json:"services"`
+}
--- a/act/model/planner.go
+++ b/act/model/planner.go
@@ -0,0 +1,410 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2020 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package model
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/fs"
+	"math"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
+	"slices"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// WorkflowPlanner contains methods for creating plans
+type WorkflowPlanner interface {
+	PlanEvent(eventName string) (*Plan, error)
+	PlanJob(jobName string) (*Plan, error)
+	PlanAll() (*Plan, error)
+	GetEvents() []string
+}
+
+// Plan contains a list of stages to run in series
+type Plan struct {
+	Stages []*Stage
+}
+
+// Stage contains a list of runs to execute in parallel
+type Stage struct {
+	Runs []*Run
+}
+
+// Run represents a job from a workflow that needs to be run
+type Run struct {
+	Workflow *Workflow
+	JobID    string
+}
+
+func (r *Run) String() string {
+	jobName := r.Job().Name
+	if jobName == "" {
+		jobName = r.JobID
+	}
+	return jobName
+}
+
+// Job returns the job for this Run
+func (r *Run) Job() *Job {
+	return r.Workflow.GetJob(r.JobID)
+}
+
+type WorkflowFiles struct {
+	workflowDirEntry os.DirEntry
+	dirPath          string
+}
+
+// NewWorkflowPlanner will load a specific workflow, all workflows from a directory or all workflows from a directory and its subdirectories
+func NewWorkflowPlanner(path string, noWorkflowRecurse bool) (WorkflowPlanner, error) {
+	path, err := filepath.Abs(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	fi, err := os.Stat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var workflows []WorkflowFiles
+
+	if fi.IsDir() {
+		log.Debugf("Loading workflows from '%s'", path)
+		if noWorkflowRecurse {
+			files, err := os.ReadDir(path)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			for _, v := range files {
+				workflows = append(workflows, WorkflowFiles{
+					dirPath:          path,
+					workflowDirEntry: v,
+				})
+			}
+		} else {
+			log.Debug("Loading workflows recursively")
+			if err := filepath.Walk(path,
+				func(p string, f os.FileInfo, err error) error {
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+
+					if !f.IsDir() {
+						log.Debugf("Found workflow '%s' in '%s'", f.Name(), p)
+						workflows = append(workflows, WorkflowFiles{
+							dirPath:          filepath.Dir(p),
+							workflowDirEntry: fs.FileInfoToDirEntry(f),
+						})
+					}
+
+					return nil
+				}); err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		log.Debugf("Loading workflow '%s'", path)
+		dirname := filepath.Dir(path)
+
+		workflows = append(workflows, WorkflowFiles{
+			dirPath:          dirname,
+			workflowDirEntry: fs.FileInfoToDirEntry(fi),
+		})
+	}
+
+	wp := new(workflowPlanner)
+	for _, wf := range workflows {
+		ext := filepath.Ext(wf.workflowDirEntry.Name())
+		if ext == ".yml" || ext == ".yaml" {
+			f, err := os.Open(filepath.Join(wf.dirPath, wf.workflowDirEntry.Name()))
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			log.Debugf("Reading workflow '%s'", f.Name())
+			workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(f)
+			if err != nil {
+				_ = f.Close()
+				if err == io.EOF {
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to read workflow '%s': file is empty: %w", wf.workflowDirEntry.Name(), err)
+				}
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("workflow is not valid. '%s': %w", wf.workflowDirEntry.Name(), err)
+			}
+			_, err = f.Seek(0, 0)
+			if err != nil {
+				_ = f.Close()
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("error occurring when resetting io pointer in '%s': %w", wf.workflowDirEntry.Name(), err)
+			}
+
+			workflow.File = wf.workflowDirEntry.Name()
+			if workflow.Name == "" {
+				workflow.Name = wf.workflowDirEntry.Name()
+			}
+
+			err = validateJobName(workflow)
+			if err != nil {
+				_ = f.Close()
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			wp.workflows = append(wp.workflows, workflow)
+			_ = f.Close()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return wp, nil
+}
+
+// CombineWorkflowPlanner combines workflows to a WorkflowPlanner
+func CombineWorkflowPlanner(workflows ...*Workflow) WorkflowPlanner {
+	return &workflowPlanner{
+		workflows: workflows,
+	}
+}
+
+func NewSingleWorkflowPlanner(name string, f io.Reader) (WorkflowPlanner, error) {
+	wp := new(workflowPlanner)
+
+	log.Debugf("Reading workflow %s", name)
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(f)
+	if err != nil {
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to read workflow '%s': file is empty: %w", name, err)
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("workflow is not valid. '%s': %w", name, err)
+	}
+	workflow.File = name
+	if workflow.Name == "" {
+		workflow.Name = name
+	}
+
+	err = validateJobName(workflow)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	wp.workflows = append(wp.workflows, workflow)
+
+	return wp, nil
+}
+
+func validateJobName(workflow *Workflow) error {
+	jobNameRegex := regexp.MustCompile(`^([[:alpha:]_][[:alnum:]_\-]*)$`)
+	for k := range workflow.Jobs {
+		if ok := jobNameRegex.MatchString(k); !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("workflow is not valid. '%s': Job name '%s' is invalid. Names must start with a letter or '_' and contain only alphanumeric characters, '-', or '_'", workflow.Name, k)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type workflowPlanner struct {
+	workflows []*Workflow
+}
+
+// PlanEvent builds a new list of runs to execute in parallel for an event name
+func (wp *workflowPlanner) PlanEvent(eventName string) (*Plan, error) {
+	plan := new(Plan)
+	if len(wp.workflows) == 0 {
+		log.Debug("no workflows found by planner")
+		return plan, nil
+	}
+	var lastErr error
+
+	for _, w := range wp.workflows {
+		events := w.On()
+		if len(events) == 0 {
+			log.Debugf("no events found for workflow: %s", w.File)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, e := range events {
+			if e == eventName {
+				stages, err := createStages(w, w.GetJobIDs()...)
+				if err != nil {
+					log.Warn(err)
+					lastErr = err
+				} else {
+					plan.mergeStages(stages)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return plan, lastErr
+}
+
+// PlanJob builds a new run to execute in parallel for a job name
+func (wp *workflowPlanner) PlanJob(jobName string) (*Plan, error) {
+	plan := new(Plan)
+	if len(wp.workflows) == 0 {
+		log.Debugf("no jobs found for workflow: %s", jobName)
+	}
+	var lastErr error
+
+	for _, w := range wp.workflows {
+		stages, err := createStages(w, jobName)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warn(err)
+			lastErr = err
+		} else {
+			plan.mergeStages(stages)
+		}
+	}
+	return plan, lastErr
+}
+
+// PlanAll builds a new run to execute in parallel all
+func (wp *workflowPlanner) PlanAll() (*Plan, error) {
+	plan := new(Plan)
+	if len(wp.workflows) == 0 {
+		log.Debug("no workflows found by planner")
+		return plan, nil
+	}
+	var lastErr error
+
+	for _, w := range wp.workflows {
+		stages, err := createStages(w, w.GetJobIDs()...)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warn(err)
+			lastErr = err
+		} else {
+			plan.mergeStages(stages)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return plan, lastErr
+}
+
+// GetEvents gets all the events in the workflows file
+func (wp *workflowPlanner) GetEvents() []string {
+	events := make([]string, 0)
+	for _, w := range wp.workflows {
+		found := false
+		for _, e := range events {
+			if slices.Contains(w.On(), e) {
+				found = true
+			}
+			if found {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !found {
+			events = append(events, w.On()...)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// sort the list based on depth of dependencies
+	slices.Sort(events)
+
+	return events
+}
+
+// MaxRunNameLen determines the max name length of all jobs
+func (p *Plan) MaxRunNameLen() int {
+	maxRunNameLen := 0
+	for _, stage := range p.Stages {
+		for _, run := range stage.Runs {
+			runNameLen := len(run.String())
+			if runNameLen > maxRunNameLen {
+				maxRunNameLen = runNameLen
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return maxRunNameLen
+}
+
+// GetJobIDs will get all the job names in the stage
+func (s *Stage) GetJobIDs() []string {
+	names := make([]string, 0)
+	for _, r := range s.Runs {
+		names = append(names, r.JobID)
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
+// Merge stages with existing stages in plan
+func (p *Plan) mergeStages(stages []*Stage) {
+	newStages := make([]*Stage, int(math.Max(float64(len(p.Stages)), float64(len(stages)))))
+	for i := range newStages {
+		newStages[i] = new(Stage)
+		if i >= len(p.Stages) {
+			newStages[i].Runs = append(newStages[i].Runs, stages[i].Runs...)
+		} else if i >= len(stages) {
+			newStages[i].Runs = append(newStages[i].Runs, p.Stages[i].Runs...)
+		} else {
+			newStages[i].Runs = append(newStages[i].Runs, p.Stages[i].Runs...)
+			newStages[i].Runs = append(newStages[i].Runs, stages[i].Runs...)
+		}
+	}
+	p.Stages = newStages
+}
+
+func createStages(w *Workflow, jobIDs ...string) ([]*Stage, error) {
+	// first, build a list of all the necessary jobs to run, and their dependencies
+	jobDependencies := make(map[string][]string)
+	for len(jobIDs) > 0 {
+		newJobIDs := make([]string, 0)
+		for _, jID := range jobIDs {
+			// make sure we haven't visited this job yet
+			if _, ok := jobDependencies[jID]; !ok {
+				if job := w.GetJob(jID); job != nil {
+					jobDependencies[jID] = job.Needs()
+					newJobIDs = append(newJobIDs, job.Needs()...)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		jobIDs = newJobIDs
+	}
+
+	// next, build an execution graph
+	stages := make([]*Stage, 0)
+	for len(jobDependencies) > 0 {
+		stage := new(Stage)
+		for jID, jDeps := range jobDependencies {
+			// make sure all deps are in the graph already
+			if listInStages(jDeps, stages...) {
+				stage.Runs = append(stage.Runs, &Run{
+					Workflow: w,
+					JobID:    jID,
+				})
+				delete(jobDependencies, jID)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(stage.Runs) == 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to build dependency graph for %s (%s)", w.Name, w.File)
+		}
+		stages = append(stages, stage)
+	}
+
+	if len(stages) == 0 {
+		return nil, errors.New("Could not find any stages to run. View the valid jobs with `act --list`. Use `act --help` to find how to filter by Job ID/Workflow/Event Name")
+	}
+
+	return stages, nil
+}
+
+// return true iff all strings in srcList exist in at least one of the stages
+func listInStages(srcList []string, stages ...*Stage) bool {
+	for _, src := range srcList {
+		found := false
+		for _, stage := range stages {
+			for _, search := range stage.GetJobIDs() {
+				if src == search {
+					found = true
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
--- a/act/model/planner_test.go
+++ b/act/model/planner_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2021 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package model
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+type WorkflowPlanTest struct {
+	workflowPath      string
+	errorMessage      string
+	noWorkflowRecurse bool
+}
+
+func TestPlanner(t *testing.T) {
+	log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
+
+	tables := []WorkflowPlanTest{
+		{"invalid-job-name/invalid-1.yml", "workflow is not valid. 'invalid-job-name-1': Job name 'invalid-JOB-Name-v1.2.3-docker_hub' is invalid. Names must start with a letter or '_' and contain only alphanumeric characters, '-', or '_'", false},
+		{"invalid-job-name/invalid-2.yml", "workflow is not valid. 'invalid-job-name-2': Job name '1234invalid-JOB-Name-v123-docker_hub' is invalid. Names must start with a letter or '_' and contain only alphanumeric characters, '-', or '_'", false},
+		{"invalid-job-name/valid-1.yml", "", false},
+		{"invalid-job-name/valid-2.yml", "", false},
+		{"empty-workflow", "unable to read workflow 'push.yml': file is empty: EOF", false},
+		{"nested", "unable to read workflow 'fail.yml': file is empty: EOF", false},
+		{"nested", "", true},
+	}
+
+	workdir, err := filepath.Abs("testdata")
+	assert.NoError(t, err, workdir) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	for _, table := range tables {
+		fullWorkflowPath := filepath.Join(workdir, table.workflowPath)
+		_, err = NewWorkflowPlanner(fullWorkflowPath, table.noWorkflowRecurse)
+		if table.errorMessage == "" {
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "WorkflowPlanner should exit without any error")
+		} else {
+			assert.EqualError(t, err, table.errorMessage)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWorkflow(t *testing.T) {
+	log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
+
+	workflow := Workflow{
+		Jobs: map[string]*Job{
+			"valid_job": {
+				Name: "valid_job",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Check that an invalid job id returns error
+	result, err := createStages(&workflow, "invalid_job_id")
+	assert.Error(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Nil(t, result)
+
+	// Check that an valid job id returns non-error
+	result, err = createStages(&workflow, "valid_job")
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.NotNil(t, result)
+}
--- a/act/model/step_result.go
+++ b/act/model/step_result.go
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2021 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package model
+
+import "fmt"
+
+type stepStatus int
+
+const (
+	StepStatusSuccess stepStatus = iota
+	StepStatusFailure
+	StepStatusSkipped
+)
+
+var stepStatusStrings = [...]string{
+	"success",
+	"failure",
+	"skipped",
+}
+
+func (s stepStatus) MarshalText() ([]byte, error) {
+	return []byte(s.String()), nil
+}
+
+func (s *stepStatus) UnmarshalText(b []byte) error {
+	str := string(b)
+	for i, name := range stepStatusStrings {
+		if name == str {
+			*s = stepStatus(i)
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return fmt.Errorf("invalid step status %q", str)
+}
+
+func (s stepStatus) String() string {
+	if int(s) >= len(stepStatusStrings) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return stepStatusStrings[s]
+}
+
+type StepResult struct {
+	Outputs    map[string]string `json:"outputs"`
+	Conclusion stepStatus        `json:"conclusion"`
+	Outcome    stepStatus        `json:"outcome"`
+}
--- a/act/runner/testdata/container-volumes/push.yml
+++ b/act/runner/testdata/container-volumes/push.yml
--- a/act/model/testdata/empty-workflow/push.yml
+++ b/act/model/testdata/empty-workflow/push.yml
--- a/act/model/testdata/invalid-job-name/invalid-1.yml
+++ b/act/model/testdata/invalid-job-name/invalid-1.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+name: invalid-job-name-1
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  invalid-JOB-Name-v1.2.3-docker_hub:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo hi
+  valid-JOB-Name-v123-docker_hub:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo hi
--- a/act/model/testdata/invalid-job-name/invalid-2.yml
+++ b/act/model/testdata/invalid-job-name/invalid-2.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name: invalid-job-name-2
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  1234invalid-JOB-Name-v123-docker_hub:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo hi
--- a/act/model/testdata/invalid-job-name/valid-1.yml
+++ b/act/model/testdata/invalid-job-name/valid-1.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name: valid-job-name-1
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  valid-JOB-Name-v123-docker_hub:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo hi
--- a/act/model/testdata/invalid-job-name/valid-2.yml
+++ b/act/model/testdata/invalid-job-name/valid-2.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name: valid-job-name-2
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  ___valid-JOB-Name-v123-docker_hub:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo hi
--- a/act/model/testdata/nested/success.yml
+++ b/act/model/testdata/nested/success.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+name: Hello World Workflow
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  hello-world:
+    name: Hello World Job
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo "Hello World!"
--- a/act/model/testdata/nested/workflows/fail.yml
+++ b/act/model/testdata/nested/workflows/fail.yml
--- a/act/model/testdata/strategy/push.yml
+++ b/act/model/testdata/strategy/push.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+---
+jobs:
+  strategy-all:
+    name: ${{ matrix.node-version }} | ${{ matrix.site }} | ${{ matrix.datacenter }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo 'Hello!'
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        datacenter:
+          - site-c
+          - site-d
+        exclude:
+          - datacenter: site-d
+            node-version: 14.x
+            site: staging
+        include:
+          - php-version: 5.4
+          - datacenter: site-a
+            node-version: 10.x
+            site: prod
+          - datacenter: site-b
+            node-version: 12.x
+            site: dev
+        node-version: [14.x, 16.x]
+        site:
+          - staging
+      max-parallel: 2
+  strategy-no-matrix:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo 'Hello!'
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      max-parallel: 2
+  strategy-only-fail-fast:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo 'Hello!'
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+  strategy-only-max-parallel:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo 'Hello!'
+    strategy:
+      max-parallel: 2
+'on':
+  push: null
--- a/act/model/workflow.go
+++ b/act/model/workflow.go
@@ -0,0 +1,845 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2020 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package model
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"maps"
+	"reflect"
+	"regexp"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
+)
+
+// Workflow is the structure of the files in .github/workflows
+type Workflow struct {
+	File           string
+	Name           string            `yaml:"name"`
+	RawOn          yaml.Node         `yaml:"on"`
+	Env            map[string]string `yaml:"env"`
+	Jobs           map[string]*Job   `yaml:"jobs"`
+	Defaults       Defaults          `yaml:"defaults"`
+	RawConcurrency *RawConcurrency   `yaml:"concurrency"`
+	RawPermissions yaml.Node         `yaml:"permissions"`
+}
+
+// On events for the workflow
+func (w *Workflow) On() []string {
+	switch w.RawOn.Kind {
+	case yaml.ScalarNode:
+		var val string
+		err := w.RawOn.Decode(&val)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		return []string{val}
+	case yaml.SequenceNode:
+		var val []string
+		err := w.RawOn.Decode(&val)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		return val
+	case yaml.MappingNode:
+		var val map[string]any
+		err := w.RawOn.Decode(&val)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		var keys []string
+		for k := range val {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+		}
+		return keys
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (w *Workflow) OnEvent(event string) any {
+	if w.RawOn.Kind == yaml.MappingNode {
+		var val map[string]any
+		if !decodeNode(w.RawOn, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return val[event]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (w *Workflow) OnSchedule() []string {
+	schedules := w.OnEvent("schedule")
+	if schedules == nil {
+		return []string{}
+	}
+
+	switch val := schedules.(type) {
+	case []any:
+		allSchedules := []string{}
+		for _, v := range val {
+			for k, cron := range v.(map[string]any) {
+				if k != "cron" {
+					continue
+				}
+				allSchedules = append(allSchedules, cron.(string))
+			}
+		}
+		return allSchedules
+	default:
+	}
+
+	return []string{}
+}
+
+type WorkflowDispatchInput struct {
+	Description string   `yaml:"description"`
+	Required    bool     `yaml:"required"`
+	Default     string   `yaml:"default"`
+	Type        string   `yaml:"type"`
+	Options     []string `yaml:"options"`
+}
+
+type WorkflowDispatch struct {
+	Inputs map[string]WorkflowDispatchInput `yaml:"inputs"`
+}
+
+func (w *Workflow) WorkflowDispatchConfig() *WorkflowDispatch {
+	switch w.RawOn.Kind {
+	case yaml.ScalarNode:
+		var val string
+		if !decodeNode(w.RawOn, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if val == "workflow_dispatch" {
+			return &WorkflowDispatch{}
+		}
+	case yaml.SequenceNode:
+		var val []string
+		if !decodeNode(w.RawOn, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if slices.Contains(val, "workflow_dispatch") {
+			return &WorkflowDispatch{}
+		}
+	case yaml.MappingNode:
+		var val map[string]yaml.Node
+		if !decodeNode(w.RawOn, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		n, found := val["workflow_dispatch"]
+		var workflowDispatch WorkflowDispatch
+		if found && decodeNode(n, &workflowDispatch) {
+			return &workflowDispatch
+		}
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type WorkflowCallInput struct {
+	Description string `yaml:"description"`
+	Required    bool   `yaml:"required"`
+	Default     string `yaml:"default"`
+	Type        string `yaml:"type"`
+}
+
+type WorkflowCallOutput struct {
+	Description string `yaml:"description"`
+	Value       string `yaml:"value"`
+}
+
+type WorkflowCall struct {
+	Inputs  map[string]WorkflowCallInput  `yaml:"inputs"`
+	Outputs map[string]WorkflowCallOutput `yaml:"outputs"`
+}
+
+type WorkflowCallResult struct {
+	Outputs map[string]string
+}
+
+func (w *Workflow) WorkflowCallConfig() *WorkflowCall {
+	if w.RawOn.Kind != yaml.MappingNode {
+		// The callers expect for "on: workflow_call" and "on: [ workflow_call ]" a non nil return value
+		return &WorkflowCall{}
+	}
+
+	var val map[string]yaml.Node
+	if !decodeNode(w.RawOn, &val) {
+		return &WorkflowCall{}
+	}
+
+	var config WorkflowCall
+	node := val["workflow_call"]
+	if !decodeNode(node, &config) {
+		return &WorkflowCall{}
+	}
+
+	return &config
+}
+
+// Job is the structure of one job in a workflow
+type Job struct {
+	Name           string                    `yaml:"name"`
+	RawNeeds       yaml.Node                 `yaml:"needs"`
+	RawRunsOn      yaml.Node                 `yaml:"runs-on"`
+	Env            yaml.Node                 `yaml:"env"`
+	If             yaml.Node                 `yaml:"if"`
+	Steps          []*Step                   `yaml:"steps"`
+	TimeoutMinutes string                    `yaml:"timeout-minutes"`
+	Services       map[string]*ContainerSpec `yaml:"services"`
+	Strategy       *Strategy                 `yaml:"strategy"`
+	RawContainer   yaml.Node                 `yaml:"container"`
+	Defaults       Defaults                  `yaml:"defaults"`
+	Outputs        map[string]string         `yaml:"outputs"`
+	Uses           string                    `yaml:"uses"`
+	With           map[string]any            `yaml:"with"`
+	RawSecrets     yaml.Node                 `yaml:"secrets"`
+	RawPermissions yaml.Node                 `yaml:"permissions"`
+	Result         string
+}
+
+// Strategy for the job
+type Strategy struct {
+	FailFast          bool
+	MaxParallel       int
+	FailFastString    string    `yaml:"fail-fast"`
+	MaxParallelString string    `yaml:"max-parallel"`
+	RawMatrix         yaml.Node `yaml:"matrix"`
+}
+
+// Default settings that will apply to all steps in the job or workflow
+type Defaults struct {
+	Run RunDefaults `yaml:"run"`
+}
+
+// Defaults for all run steps in the job or workflow
+type RunDefaults struct {
+	Shell            string `yaml:"shell"`
+	WorkingDirectory string `yaml:"working-directory"`
+}
+
+// GetMaxParallel sets default and returns value for `max-parallel`
+func (s Strategy) GetMaxParallel() int {
+	// MaxParallel default value is `GitHub will maximize the number of jobs run in parallel depending on the available runners on GitHub-hosted virtual machines`
+	// So I take the liberty to hardcode default limit to 4 and this is because:
+	// 1: tl;dr: self-hosted does only 1 parallel job - https://github.com/actions/runner/issues/639#issuecomment-825212735
+	// 2: GH has 20 parallel job limit (for free tier) - https://github.com/github/docs/blob/3ae84420bd10997bb5f35f629ebb7160fe776eae/content/actions/reference/usage-limits-billing-and-administration.md?plain=1#L45
+	// 3: I want to add support for MaxParallel to act and 20! parallel jobs is a bit overkill IMHO
+	maxParallel := 4
+	if s.MaxParallelString != "" {
+		var err error
+		if maxParallel, err = strconv.Atoi(s.MaxParallelString); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to parse 'max-parallel' option: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return maxParallel
+}
+
+// GetFailFast sets default and returns value for `fail-fast`
+func (s Strategy) GetFailFast() bool {
+	// FailFast option is true by default: https://github.com/github/docs/blob/3ae84420bd10997bb5f35f629ebb7160fe776eae/content/actions/reference/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions.md?plain=1#L1107
+	failFast := true
+	log.Debug(s.FailFastString)
+	if s.FailFastString != "" {
+		var err error
+		if failFast, err = strconv.ParseBool(s.FailFastString); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to parse 'fail-fast' option: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	return failFast
+}
+
+func (j *Job) InheritSecrets() bool {
+	if j.RawSecrets.Kind != yaml.ScalarNode {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	var val string
+	if !decodeNode(j.RawSecrets, &val) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return val == "inherit"
+}
+
+func (j *Job) Secrets() map[string]string {
+	if j.RawSecrets.Kind != yaml.MappingNode {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var val map[string]string
+	if !decodeNode(j.RawSecrets, &val) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return val
+}
+
+// Container details for the job
+func (j *Job) Container() *ContainerSpec {
+	var val *ContainerSpec
+	switch j.RawContainer.Kind {
+	case yaml.ScalarNode:
+		val = new(ContainerSpec)
+		if !decodeNode(j.RawContainer, &val.Image) {
+			return nil
+		}
+	case yaml.MappingNode:
+		val = new(ContainerSpec)
+		if !decodeNode(j.RawContainer, val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return val
+}
+
+// Needs list for Job
+func (j *Job) Needs() []string {
+	switch j.RawNeeds.Kind {
+	case yaml.ScalarNode:
+		var val string
+		if !decodeNode(j.RawNeeds, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return []string{val}
+	case yaml.SequenceNode:
+		var val []string
+		if !decodeNode(j.RawNeeds, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return val
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RunsOn list for Job
+func (j *Job) RunsOn() []string {
+	switch j.RawRunsOn.Kind {
+	case yaml.MappingNode:
+		var val struct {
+			Group  string
+			Labels yaml.Node
+		}
+
+		if !decodeNode(j.RawRunsOn, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		labels := nodeAsStringSlice(val.Labels)
+
+		if val.Group != "" {
+			labels = append(labels, val.Group)
+		}
+
+		return labels
+	default:
+		return nodeAsStringSlice(j.RawRunsOn)
+	}
+}
+
+func nodeAsStringSlice(node yaml.Node) []string {
+	switch node.Kind {
+	case yaml.ScalarNode:
+		var val string
+		if !decodeNode(node, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return []string{val}
+	case yaml.SequenceNode:
+		var val []string
+		if !decodeNode(node, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return val
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func environment(yml yaml.Node) map[string]string {
+	env := make(map[string]string)
+	if yml.Kind == yaml.MappingNode {
+		if !decodeNode(yml, &env) {
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+	return env
+}
+
+// Environment returns string-based key=value map for a job
+func (j *Job) Environment() map[string]string {
+	return environment(j.Env)
+}
+
+// normalizeMatrixValue converts a matrix value to []interface{}.
+// Arrays pass through unchanged; scalars are wrapped in a single-element array.
+// Unevaluated template expressions are wrapped as a fallback — proper resolution
+// happens via EvaluateYamlNode before Matrix() is called. Nested maps are rejected.
+func normalizeMatrixValue(key string, val any) ([]any, error) {
+	switch t := val.(type) {
+	case []any:
+		// Already an array - use as-is
+		return t, nil
+	case string, int, float64, bool, nil:
+		// Valid scalar types that can appear in YAML
+		// These can be unevaluated template expressions (strings) or literal values
+		return []any{t}, nil
+	case map[string]any:
+		// Nested map indicates misconfiguration - likely user error
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("matrix key %q has invalid nested object value - expected scalar or array, got map", key)
+	default:
+		// Unknown types might indicate parsing issues
+		log.Warnf("matrix key %q has unexpected type %T, wrapping as single value", key, t)
+		return []any{t}, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// Matrix decodes the RawMatrix YAML node into a map[string][]interface{}.
+// Scalar values are wrapped into single-element arrays automatically.
+// Template expressions are resolved by EvaluateYamlNode before this method is
+// called; if unresolved, the literal string is wrapped as a one-element fallback.
+func (j *Job) Matrix() map[string][]any {
+	if j.Strategy == nil || j.Strategy.RawMatrix.Kind != yaml.MappingNode {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Decode to flexible map first so that scalar values don't cause a type error.
+	var flexVal map[string]any
+	err := j.Strategy.RawMatrix.Decode(&flexVal)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Fall back to the strict array-only format for backward compatibility.
+		var val map[string][]any
+		if !decodeNode(j.Strategy.RawMatrix, &val) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return val
+	}
+
+	// Convert flexible format to expected format with validation
+	val := make(map[string][]any)
+	for k, v := range flexVal {
+		normalized, err := normalizeMatrixValue(k, v)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("matrix validation error: %v", err)
+			return nil
+		}
+		val[k] = normalized
+	}
+	return val
+}
+
+// GetMatrixes returns the matrix cross product
+// It skips includes and hard fails excludes for non-existing keys
+func (j *Job) GetMatrixes() ([]map[string]any, error) {
+	matrixes := make([]map[string]any, 0)
+	if j.Strategy != nil {
+		// Always set these values, even if there's an error later
+		j.Strategy.FailFast = j.Strategy.GetFailFast()
+		j.Strategy.MaxParallel = j.Strategy.GetMaxParallel()
+
+		if m := j.Matrix(); m != nil {
+			includes := make([]map[string]any, 0)
+			extraIncludes := make([]map[string]any, 0)
+			for _, v := range m["include"] {
+				switch t := v.(type) {
+				case []any:
+					for _, i := range t {
+						i := i.(map[string]any)
+						extraInclude := true
+						for k := range i {
+							if _, ok := m[k]; ok {
+								includes = append(includes, i)
+								extraInclude = false
+								break
+							}
+						}
+						if extraInclude {
+							extraIncludes = append(extraIncludes, i)
+						}
+					}
+				case any:
+					v := v.(map[string]any)
+					extraInclude := true
+					for k := range v {
+						if _, ok := m[k]; ok {
+							includes = append(includes, v)
+							extraInclude = false
+							break
+						}
+					}
+					if extraInclude {
+						extraIncludes = append(extraIncludes, v)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			delete(m, "include")
+
+			excludes := make([]map[string]any, 0)
+			for _, e := range m["exclude"] {
+				e := e.(map[string]any)
+				for k := range e {
+					if _, ok := m[k]; ok {
+						excludes = append(excludes, e)
+					} else {
+						// We fail completely here because that's what GitHub does for non-existing matrix keys, fail on exclude, silent skip on include
+						return nil, fmt.Errorf("the workflow is not valid. Matrix exclude key %q does not match any key within the matrix", k)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			delete(m, "exclude")
+
+			matrixProduct := common.CartesianProduct(m)
+		MATRIX:
+			for _, matrix := range matrixProduct {
+				for _, exclude := range excludes {
+					if commonKeysMatch(matrix, exclude) {
+						log.Debugf("Skipping matrix '%v' due to exclude '%v'", matrix, exclude)
+						continue MATRIX
+					}
+				}
+				matrixes = append(matrixes, matrix)
+			}
+			for _, include := range includes {
+				matched := false
+				for _, matrix := range matrixes {
+					if commonKeysMatch2(matrix, include, m) {
+						matched = true
+						log.Debugf("Adding include values '%v' to existing entry", include)
+						maps.Copy(matrix, include)
+					}
+				}
+				if !matched {
+					extraIncludes = append(extraIncludes, include)
+				}
+			}
+			for _, include := range extraIncludes {
+				log.Debugf("Adding include '%v'", include)
+				matrixes = append(matrixes, include)
+			}
+			if len(matrixes) == 0 {
+				matrixes = append(matrixes, make(map[string]any))
+			}
+		} else {
+			matrixes = append(matrixes, make(map[string]any))
+		}
+	} else {
+		matrixes = append(matrixes, make(map[string]any))
+		log.Debugf("Empty Strategy, matrixes=%v", matrixes)
+	}
+	return matrixes, nil
+}
+
+func commonKeysMatch(a, b map[string]any) bool {
+	for aKey, aVal := range a {
+		if bVal, ok := b[aKey]; ok && !reflect.DeepEqual(aVal, bVal) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func commonKeysMatch2(a, b map[string]any, m map[string][]any) bool {
+	for aKey, aVal := range a {
+		_, useKey := m[aKey]
+		if bVal, ok := b[aKey]; useKey && ok && !reflect.DeepEqual(aVal, bVal) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// JobType describes what type of job we are about to run
+type JobType int
+
+const (
+	// JobTypeDefault is all jobs that have a `run` attribute
+	JobTypeDefault JobType = iota
+
+	// JobTypeReusableWorkflowLocal is all jobs that have a `uses` that is a local workflow in the .github/workflows directory
+	JobTypeReusableWorkflowLocal
+
+	// JobTypeReusableWorkflowRemote is all jobs that have a `uses` that references a workflow file in a github repo
+	JobTypeReusableWorkflowRemote
+
+	// JobTypeInvalid represents a job which is not configured correctly
+	JobTypeInvalid
+)
+
+func (j JobType) String() string {
+	switch j {
+	case JobTypeDefault:
+		return "default"
+	case JobTypeReusableWorkflowLocal:
+		return "local-reusable-workflow"
+	case JobTypeReusableWorkflowRemote:
+		return "remote-reusable-workflow"
+	}
+	return "unknown"
+}
+
+// Type returns the type of the job
+func (j *Job) Type() (JobType, error) {
+	isReusable := j.Uses != ""
+
+	if isReusable {
+		isYaml, _ := regexp.MatchString(`\.(ya?ml)(?:$|@)`, j.Uses)
+
+		if isYaml {
+			isLocalPath := strings.HasPrefix(j.Uses, "./")
+			isRemotePath, _ := regexp.MatchString(`^[^.](.+?/){2,}.+\.ya?ml@`, j.Uses)
+			hasVersion, _ := regexp.MatchString(`\.ya?ml@`, j.Uses)
+
+			if isLocalPath {
+				return JobTypeReusableWorkflowLocal, nil
+			} else if isRemotePath && hasVersion {
+				return JobTypeReusableWorkflowRemote, nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		return JobTypeInvalid, fmt.Errorf("`uses` key references invalid workflow path '%s'. Must start with './' if it's a local workflow, or must start with '<org>/<repo>/' and include an '@' if it's a remote workflow", j.Uses)
+	}
+
+	return JobTypeDefault, nil
+}
+
+// ContainerSpec is the specification of the container to use for the job
+type ContainerSpec struct {
+	Image       string            `yaml:"image"`
+	Env         map[string]string `yaml:"env"`
+	Ports       []string          `yaml:"ports"`
+	Volumes     []string          `yaml:"volumes"`
+	Options     string            `yaml:"options"`
+	Credentials map[string]string `yaml:"credentials"`
+	Entrypoint  string
+	Args        string
+	Name        string
+	Reuse       bool
+
+	// Gitea specific
+	Cmd []string `yaml:"cmd"`
+}
+
+// Step is the structure of one step in a job
+type Step struct {
+	Number             int               `yaml:"-"`
+	ID                 string            `yaml:"id"`
+	If                 yaml.Node         `yaml:"if"`
+	Name               string            `yaml:"name"`
+	Uses               string            `yaml:"uses"`
+	Run                string            `yaml:"run"`
+	WorkingDirectory   string            `yaml:"working-directory"`
+	Shell              string            `yaml:"shell"`
+	Env                yaml.Node         `yaml:"env"`
+	With               map[string]string `yaml:"with"`
+	RawContinueOnError string            `yaml:"continue-on-error"`
+	TimeoutMinutes     string            `yaml:"timeout-minutes"`
+}
+
+// String gets the name of step
+func (s *Step) String() string {
+	if s.Name != "" {
+		return s.Name
+	} else if s.Uses != "" {
+		return s.Uses
+	} else if s.Run != "" {
+		return s.Run
+	}
+	return s.ID
+}
+
+// Environment returns string-based key=value map for a step
+func (s *Step) Environment() map[string]string {
+	return environment(s.Env)
+}
+
+// GetEnv gets the env for a step
+func (s *Step) GetEnv() map[string]string {
+	env := s.Environment()
+
+	for k, v := range s.With {
+		envKey := regexp.MustCompile("[^A-Z0-9-]").ReplaceAllString(strings.ToUpper(k), "_")
+		envKey = "INPUT_" + strings.ToUpper(envKey)
+		env[envKey] = v
+	}
+	return env
+}
+
+// ShellCommand returns the command for the shell
+func (s *Step) ShellCommand() string {
+	var shellCommand string
+
+	// Reference: https://github.com/actions/runner/blob/8109c962f09d9acc473d92c595ff43afceddb347/src/Runner.Worker/Handlers/ScriptHandlerHelpers.cs#L9-L17
+	switch s.Shell {
+	case "", "bash":
+		shellCommand = "bash --noprofile --norc -e -o pipefail {0}"
+	case "pwsh":
+		shellCommand = "pwsh -command . '{0}'"
+	case "python":
+		shellCommand = "python {0}"
+	case "sh":
+		shellCommand = "sh -e {0}"
+	case "cmd":
+		shellCommand = "cmd /D /E:ON /V:OFF /S /C \"CALL \"{0}\"\""
+	case "powershell":
+		shellCommand = "powershell -command . '{0}'"
+	default:
+		shellCommand = s.Shell
+	}
+	return shellCommand
+}
+
+// StepType describes what type of step we are about to run
+type StepType int
+
+const (
+	// StepTypeRun is all steps that have a `run` attribute
+	StepTypeRun StepType = iota
+
+	// StepTypeUsesDockerURL is all steps that have a `uses` that is of the form `docker://...`
+	StepTypeUsesDockerURL
+
+	// StepTypeUsesActionLocal is all steps that have a `uses` that is a local action in a subdirectory
+	StepTypeUsesActionLocal
+
+	// StepTypeUsesActionRemote is all steps that have a `uses` that is a reference to a github repo
+	StepTypeUsesActionRemote
+
+	// StepTypeReusableWorkflowLocal is all steps that have a `uses` that is a local workflow in the .github/workflows directory
+	StepTypeReusableWorkflowLocal
+
+	// StepTypeReusableWorkflowRemote is all steps that have a `uses` that references a workflow file in a github repo
+	StepTypeReusableWorkflowRemote
+
+	// StepTypeInvalid is for steps that have invalid step action
+	StepTypeInvalid
+)
+
+func (s StepType) String() string {
+	switch s {
+	case StepTypeInvalid:
+		return "invalid"
+	case StepTypeRun:
+		return "run"
+	case StepTypeUsesActionLocal:
+		return "local-action"
+	case StepTypeUsesActionRemote:
+		return "remote-action"
+	case StepTypeUsesDockerURL:
+		return "docker"
+	case StepTypeReusableWorkflowLocal:
+		return "local-reusable-workflow"
+	case StepTypeReusableWorkflowRemote:
+		return "remote-reusable-workflow"
+	}
+	return "unknown"
+}
+
+// Type returns the type of the step
+func (s *Step) Type() StepType {
+	if s.Run == "" && s.Uses == "" {
+		return StepTypeInvalid
+	}
+
+	if s.Run != "" {
+		if s.Uses != "" {
+			return StepTypeInvalid
+		}
+		return StepTypeRun
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(s.Uses, "docker://") {
+		return StepTypeUsesDockerURL
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(s.Uses, "./.github/workflows") && (strings.HasSuffix(s.Uses, ".yml") || strings.HasSuffix(s.Uses, ".yaml")) {
+		return StepTypeReusableWorkflowLocal
+	} else if !strings.HasPrefix(s.Uses, "./") && strings.Contains(s.Uses, ".github/workflows") && (strings.Contains(s.Uses, ".yml@") || strings.Contains(s.Uses, ".yaml@")) {
+		return StepTypeReusableWorkflowRemote
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(s.Uses, "./") {
+		return StepTypeUsesActionLocal
+	}
+	return StepTypeUsesActionRemote
+}
+
+// UsesHash returns a hash of the uses string.
+// For Gitea.
+func (s *Step) UsesHash() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", sha256.Sum256([]byte(s.Uses)))
+}
+
+// ReadWorkflow returns a list of jobs for a given workflow file reader
+func ReadWorkflow(in io.Reader) (*Workflow, error) {
+	w := new(Workflow)
+	err := yaml.NewDecoder(in).Decode(w)
+	return w, err
+}
+
+// GetJob will get a job by name in the workflow
+func (w *Workflow) GetJob(jobID string) *Job {
+	for id, j := range w.Jobs {
+		if jobID == id {
+			if j.Name == "" {
+				j.Name = id
+			}
+			if j.If.Value == "" {
+				j.If.Value = "success()"
+			}
+			return j
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetJobIDs will get all the job names in the workflow
+func (w *Workflow) GetJobIDs() []string {
+	ids := make([]string, 0)
+	for id := range w.Jobs {
+		ids = append(ids, id)
+	}
+	return ids
+}
+
+var OnDecodeNodeError = func(node yaml.Node, out any, err error) {
+	log.Fatalf("Failed to decode node %v into %T: %v", node, out, err)
+}
+
+func decodeNode(node yaml.Node, out any) bool {
+	if err := node.Decode(out); err != nil {
+		if OnDecodeNodeError != nil {
+			OnDecodeNodeError(node, out, err)
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// For Gitea
+// RawConcurrency represents a workflow concurrency or a job concurrency with uninterpolated options
+type RawConcurrency struct {
+	Group            string `yaml:"group,omitempty"`
+	CancelInProgress string `yaml:"cancel-in-progress,omitempty"`
+	RawExpression    string `yaml:"-,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type objectConcurrency RawConcurrency
+
+func (r *RawConcurrency) UnmarshalYAML(n *yaml.Node) error {
+	if err := n.Decode(&r.RawExpression); err == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return n.Decode((*objectConcurrency)(r))
+}
+
+func (r *RawConcurrency) MarshalYAML() (any, error) {
+	if r.RawExpression != "" {
+		return r.RawExpression, nil
+	}
+
+	return (*objectConcurrency)(r), nil
+}
--- a/act/model/workflow_test.go
+++ b/act/model/workflow_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,908 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2020 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package model
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
+)
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_ScheduleEvent(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '30 5 * * 1,3'
+    - cron: '30 5 * * 2,4'
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	schedules := workflow.OnEvent("schedule")
+	assert.Len(t, schedules, 2)
+
+	newSchedules := workflow.OnSchedule()
+	assert.Len(t, newSchedules, 2)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, "30 5 * * 1,3", newSchedules[0])
+	assert.Equal(t, "30 5 * * 2,4", newSchedules[1])
+
+	yaml = `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+on:
+  schedule:
+    test: '30 5 * * 1,3'
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+`
+
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	newSchedules = workflow.OnSchedule()
+	assert.Empty(t, newSchedules)
+
+	yaml = `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+on:
+  schedule:
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+`
+
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	newSchedules = workflow.OnSchedule()
+	assert.Empty(t, newSchedules)
+
+	yaml = `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+on: [push, tag]
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+`
+
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	newSchedules = workflow.OnSchedule()
+	assert.Empty(t, newSchedules)
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_StringEvent(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.On(), 1)
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.On(), "push")
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_ListEvent(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.On(), 2)
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.On(), "push")
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.On(), "pull_request")
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_MapEvent(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+    - master
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+    - master
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.On(), 2)
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.On(), "push")
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.On(), "pull_request")
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_RunsOnLabels(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    container: nginx:latest
+    runs-on:
+      labels: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed")                     //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, workflow.Jobs["test"].RunsOn(), []string{"ubuntu-latest"}) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_RunsOnLabelsWithGroup(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    container: nginx:latest
+    runs-on:
+      labels: [ubuntu-latest]
+      group: linux
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed")                              //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, workflow.Jobs["test"].RunsOn(), []string{"ubuntu-latest", "linux"}) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_StringContainer(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    container: nginx:latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+  test2:
+    container:
+      image: nginx:latest
+      env:
+        foo: bar
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.Jobs, 2)
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.Jobs["test"].Container().Image, "nginx:latest")
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.Jobs["test2"].Container().Image, "nginx:latest")
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.Jobs["test2"].Container().Env["foo"], "bar")
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_ObjectContainer(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: local-action-docker-url
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    container:
+      image: r.example.org/something:latest
+      credentials:
+        username: registry-username
+        password: registry-password
+      env:
+        HOME: /home/user
+      volumes:
+        - my_docker_volume:/volume_mount
+        - /data/my_data
+        - /source/directory:/destination/directory
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: ./actions/docker-url
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.Jobs, 1)
+
+	container := workflow.GetJob("test").Container()
+
+	assert.Contains(t, container.Image, "r.example.org/something:latest")
+	assert.Contains(t, container.Env["HOME"], "/home/user")
+	assert.Contains(t, container.Credentials["username"], "registry-username")
+	assert.Contains(t, container.Credentials["password"], "registry-password")
+	assert.ElementsMatch(t, container.Volumes, []string{
+		"my_docker_volume:/volume_mount",
+		"/data/my_data",
+		"/source/directory:/destination/directory",
+	})
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_JobTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: invalid job definition
+
+jobs:
+  default-job:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo
+  remote-reusable-workflow-yml:
+    uses: remote/repo/some/path/to/workflow.yml@main
+  remote-reusable-workflow-yaml:
+    uses: remote/repo/some/path/to/workflow.yaml@main
+  remote-reusable-workflow-custom-path:
+    uses: remote/repo/path/to/workflow.yml@main
+  local-reusable-workflow-yml:
+    uses: ./some/path/to/workflow.yml
+  local-reusable-workflow-yaml:
+    uses: ./some/path/to/workflow.yaml
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.Jobs, 6)
+
+	jobType, err := workflow.Jobs["default-job"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeDefault, jobType)
+
+	jobType, err = workflow.Jobs["remote-reusable-workflow-yml"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeReusableWorkflowRemote, jobType)
+
+	jobType, err = workflow.Jobs["remote-reusable-workflow-yaml"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeReusableWorkflowRemote, jobType)
+
+	jobType, err = workflow.Jobs["remote-reusable-workflow-custom-path"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeReusableWorkflowRemote, jobType)
+
+	jobType, err = workflow.Jobs["local-reusable-workflow-yml"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeReusableWorkflowLocal, jobType)
+
+	jobType, err = workflow.Jobs["local-reusable-workflow-yaml"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeReusableWorkflowLocal, jobType)
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_JobTypes_InvalidPath(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: invalid job definition
+
+jobs:
+  remote-reusable-workflow-missing-version:
+    uses: remote/repo/some/path/to/workflow.yml
+  remote-reusable-workflow-bad-extension:
+    uses: remote/repo/some/path/to/workflow.json
+  local-reusable-workflow-bad-extension:
+    uses: ./some/path/to/workflow.json
+  local-reusable-workflow-bad-path:
+    uses: some/path/to/workflow.yaml
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.Jobs, 4)
+
+	jobType, err := workflow.Jobs["remote-reusable-workflow-missing-version"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeInvalid, jobType)
+	assert.NotEqual(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	jobType, err = workflow.Jobs["remote-reusable-workflow-bad-extension"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeInvalid, jobType)
+	assert.NotEqual(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	jobType, err = workflow.Jobs["local-reusable-workflow-bad-extension"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeInvalid, jobType)
+	assert.NotEqual(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	jobType, err = workflow.Jobs["local-reusable-workflow-bad-path"].Type()
+	assert.Equal(t, JobTypeInvalid, jobType)
+	assert.NotEqual(t, nil, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_StepsTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: invalid step definition
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: test1
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+        run: echo
+      - name: test2
+        run: echo
+      - name: test3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - name: test4
+        uses: docker://nginx:latest
+      - name: test5
+        uses: ./local-action
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.Jobs, 1)
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.Jobs["test"].Steps, 5)
+	assert.Equal(t, workflow.Jobs["test"].Steps[0].Type(), StepTypeInvalid)          //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, workflow.Jobs["test"].Steps[1].Type(), StepTypeRun)              //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, workflow.Jobs["test"].Steps[2].Type(), StepTypeUsesActionRemote) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, workflow.Jobs["test"].Steps[3].Type(), StepTypeUsesDockerURL)    //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, workflow.Jobs["test"].Steps[4].Type(), StepTypeUsesActionLocal)  //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+}
+
+// See: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#jobsjob_idoutputs
+func TestReadWorkflow_JobOutputs(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+name: job outputs definition
+
+jobs:
+  test1:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - id: test1_1
+        run: |
+          echo "::set-output name=a_key::some-a_value"
+          echo "::set-output name=b-key::some-b-value"
+    outputs:
+      some_a_key: ${{ steps.test1_1.outputs.a_key }}
+      some-b-key: ${{ steps.test1_1.outputs.b-key }}
+
+  test2:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - test1
+    steps:
+      - name: test2_1
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ needs.test1.outputs.some_a_key }}"
+          echo "${{ needs.test1.outputs.some-b-key }}"
+`
+
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.Jobs, 2)
+
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.Jobs["test1"].Steps, 1)
+	assert.Equal(t, StepTypeRun, workflow.Jobs["test1"].Steps[0].Type())
+	assert.Equal(t, "test1_1", workflow.Jobs["test1"].Steps[0].ID)
+	assert.Len(t, workflow.Jobs["test1"].Outputs, 2)
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.Jobs["test1"].Outputs, "some_a_key")
+	assert.Contains(t, workflow.Jobs["test1"].Outputs, "some-b-key")
+	assert.Equal(t, "${{ steps.test1_1.outputs.a_key }}", workflow.Jobs["test1"].Outputs["some_a_key"])
+	assert.Equal(t, "${{ steps.test1_1.outputs.b-key }}", workflow.Jobs["test1"].Outputs["some-b-key"])
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_Strategy(t *testing.T) {
+	w, err := NewWorkflowPlanner("testdata/strategy/push.yml", true)
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	p, err := w.PlanJob("strategy-only-max-parallel")
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	assert.Equal(t, len(p.Stages), 1)         //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, len(p.Stages[0].Runs), 1) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	wf := p.Stages[0].Runs[0].Workflow
+
+	job := wf.Jobs["strategy-only-max-parallel"]
+	matrixes, err := job.GetMatrixes()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)                          //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, matrixes, []map[string]any{{}}) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Matrix(), map[string][]any(nil))
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Strategy.MaxParallel, 2) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Strategy.FailFast, true) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	job = wf.Jobs["strategy-only-fail-fast"]
+	matrixes, err = job.GetMatrixes()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)                          //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, matrixes, []map[string]any{{}}) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Matrix(), map[string][]any(nil))
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Strategy.MaxParallel, 4)  //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Strategy.FailFast, false) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	job = wf.Jobs["strategy-no-matrix"]
+	matrixes, err = job.GetMatrixes()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)                          //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, matrixes, []map[string]any{{}}) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Matrix(), map[string][]any(nil))
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Strategy.MaxParallel, 2)  //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Strategy.FailFast, false) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	job = wf.Jobs["strategy-all"]
+	matrixes, err = job.GetMatrixes()
+	assert.NoError(t, err)    //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, matrixes, //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+		[]map[string]any{
+			{"datacenter": "site-c", "node-version": "14.x", "site": "staging"},
+			{"datacenter": "site-c", "node-version": "16.x", "site": "staging"},
+			{"datacenter": "site-d", "node-version": "16.x", "site": "staging"},
+			{"php-version": 5.4},
+			{"datacenter": "site-a", "node-version": "10.x", "site": "prod"},
+			{"datacenter": "site-b", "node-version": "12.x", "site": "dev"},
+		},
+	)
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Matrix(), //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+		map[string][]any{
+			"datacenter": {"site-c", "site-d"},
+			"exclude": {
+				map[string]any{"datacenter": "site-d", "node-version": "14.x", "site": "staging"},
+			},
+			"include": {
+				map[string]any{"php-version": 5.4},
+				map[string]any{"datacenter": "site-a", "node-version": "10.x", "site": "prod"},
+				map[string]any{"datacenter": "site-b", "node-version": "12.x", "site": "dev"},
+			},
+			"node-version": {"14.x", "16.x"},
+			"site":         {"staging"},
+		},
+	)
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Strategy.MaxParallel, 2)  //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.Equal(t, job.Strategy.FailFast, false) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+}
+
+func TestStep_ShellCommand(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		shell string
+		want  string
+	}{
+		{"pwsh -v '. {0}'", "pwsh -v '. {0}'"},
+		{"pwsh", "pwsh -command . '{0}'"},
+		{"powershell", "powershell -command . '{0}'"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.shell, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := (&Step{Shell: tt.shell}).ShellCommand()
+			assert.Equal(t, got, tt.want) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestReadWorkflow_WorkflowDispatchConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	yaml := `
+    name: local-action-docker-url
+    `
+	workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	workflowDispatch := workflow.WorkflowDispatchConfig()
+	assert.Nil(t, workflowDispatch)
+
+	yaml = `
+    name: local-action-docker-url
+    on: push
+    `
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	workflowDispatch = workflow.WorkflowDispatchConfig()
+	assert.Nil(t, workflowDispatch)
+
+	yaml = `
+    name: local-action-docker-url
+    on: workflow_dispatch
+    `
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	workflowDispatch = workflow.WorkflowDispatchConfig()
+	assert.NotNil(t, workflowDispatch)
+	assert.Nil(t, workflowDispatch.Inputs)
+
+	yaml = `
+    name: local-action-docker-url
+    on: [push, pull_request]
+    `
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	workflowDispatch = workflow.WorkflowDispatchConfig()
+	assert.Nil(t, workflowDispatch)
+
+	yaml = `
+    name: local-action-docker-url
+    on: [push, workflow_dispatch]
+    `
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	workflowDispatch = workflow.WorkflowDispatchConfig()
+	assert.NotNil(t, workflowDispatch)
+	assert.Nil(t, workflowDispatch.Inputs)
+
+	yaml = `
+    name: local-action-docker-url
+    on:
+        - push
+        - workflow_dispatch
+    `
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	workflowDispatch = workflow.WorkflowDispatchConfig()
+	assert.NotNil(t, workflowDispatch)
+	assert.Nil(t, workflowDispatch.Inputs)
+
+	yaml = `
+    name: local-action-docker-url
+    on:
+        push:
+        pull_request:
+    `
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	workflowDispatch = workflow.WorkflowDispatchConfig()
+	assert.Nil(t, workflowDispatch)
+
+	yaml = `
+    name: local-action-docker-url
+    on:
+        push:
+        pull_request:
+        workflow_dispatch:
+            inputs:
+                logLevel:
+                    description: 'Log level'
+                    required: true
+                    default: 'warning'
+                    type: choice
+                    options:
+                    - info
+                    - warning
+                    - debug
+    `
+	workflow, err = ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(yaml))
+	assert.NoError(t, err, "read workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	workflowDispatch = workflow.WorkflowDispatchConfig()
+	assert.NotNil(t, workflowDispatch)
+	assert.Equal(t, WorkflowDispatchInput{
+		Default:     "warning",
+		Description: "Log level",
+		Options: []string{
+			"info",
+			"warning",
+			"debug",
+		},
+		Required: true,
+		Type:     "choice",
+	}, workflowDispatch.Inputs["logLevel"])
+}
+
+func TestStep_UsesHash(t *testing.T) {
+	type fields struct {
+		Uses string
+	}
+	tests := []struct {
+		name   string
+		fields fields
+		want   string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "regular",
+			fields: fields{
+				Uses: "https://gitea.com/testa/testb@v3",
+			},
+			want: "ae437878e9f285bd7518c58664f9fabbb12d05feddd7169c01702a2a14322aa8",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty",
+			fields: fields{
+				Uses: "",
+			},
+			want: "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			s := &Step{
+				Uses: tt.fields.Uses,
+			}
+			assert.Equalf(t, tt.want, s.UsesHash(), "UsesHash()")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeMatrixValue(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name       string
+		key        string
+		value      any
+		wantResult []any
+		wantErr    bool
+		errMsg     string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "array_values_pass_through",
+			key:        "version",
+			value:      []any{"1.0", "2.0", "3.0"},
+			wantResult: []any{"1.0", "2.0", "3.0"},
+			wantErr:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "string_scalar_wrapped",
+			key:        "os",
+			value:      "ubuntu-latest",
+			wantResult: []any{"ubuntu-latest"},
+			wantErr:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "template_expression_wrapped",
+			key:        "version",
+			value:      "${{ fromJson(needs.setup.outputs.versions) }}",
+			wantResult: []any{"${{ fromJson(needs.setup.outputs.versions) }}"},
+			wantErr:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "integer_scalar_wrapped",
+			key:        "count",
+			value:      42,
+			wantResult: []any{42},
+			wantErr:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "float_scalar_wrapped",
+			key:        "factor",
+			value:      3.14,
+			wantResult: []any{3.14},
+			wantErr:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "bool_scalar_wrapped",
+			key:        "enabled",
+			value:      true,
+			wantResult: []any{true},
+			wantErr:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "nil_scalar_wrapped",
+			key:        "optional",
+			value:      nil,
+			wantResult: []any{nil},
+			wantErr:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "nested_map_returns_error",
+			key:     "config",
+			value:   map[string]any{"nested": "value"},
+			wantErr: true,
+			errMsg:  "has invalid nested object value",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "empty_array_passes_through",
+			key:        "empty",
+			value:      []any{},
+			wantResult: []any{},
+			wantErr:    false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result, err := normalizeMatrixValue(tt.key, tt.value)
+
+			if tt.wantErr {
+				assert.Error(t, err, "should return error") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+				if tt.errMsg != "" {
+					assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), tt.errMsg)
+				}
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err, "should not return error") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+				assert.Equal(t, tt.wantResult, result, "result should match expected")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestJobMatrix(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		yaml    string
+		wantErr bool
+		wantLen int
+		checkFn func(*testing.T, map[string][]any)
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "matrix_with_arrays",
+			yaml: `
+name: test
+on: push
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
+        version: [1.18, 1.19]
+    steps:
+      - run: echo test
+`,
+			wantErr: false,
+			wantLen: 2,
+			checkFn: func(t *testing.T, m map[string][]any) {
+				assert.Equal(t, []any{"ubuntu-latest", "windows-latest"}, m["os"])
+				assert.Equal(t, []any{1.18, 1.19}, m["version"])
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "matrix_with_scalar_values",
+			yaml: `
+name: test
+on: push
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: ubuntu-latest
+        version: 1.19
+    steps:
+      - run: echo test
+`,
+			wantErr: false,
+			wantLen: 2,
+			checkFn: func(t *testing.T, m map[string][]any) {
+				assert.Equal(t, []any{"ubuntu-latest"}, m["os"])
+				assert.Equal(t, []any{1.19}, m["version"])
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "matrix_with_template_expression",
+			yaml: `
+name: test
+on: push
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        versions: ${{ fromJson(needs.setup.outputs.versions) }}
+    steps:
+      - run: echo test
+`,
+			wantErr: false,
+			wantLen: 1,
+			checkFn: func(t *testing.T, m map[string][]any) {
+				assert.Equal(t, []any{"${{ fromJson(needs.setup.outputs.versions) }}"}, m["versions"])
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "matrix_mixed_arrays_and_scalars",
+			yaml: `
+name: test
+on: push
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest]
+        version: 1.19
+        node: [14, 16]
+    steps:
+      - run: echo test
+`,
+			wantErr: false,
+			wantLen: 3,
+			checkFn: func(t *testing.T, m map[string][]any) {
+				assert.Equal(t, []any{"ubuntu-latest", "windows-latest"}, m["os"])
+				assert.Equal(t, []any{1.19}, m["version"])
+				assert.Equal(t, []any{14, 16}, m["node"])
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty_matrix",
+			yaml: `
+name: test
+on: push
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo test
+`,
+			wantErr: false,
+			wantLen: 0,
+			checkFn: nil,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			workflow, err := ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(tt.yaml))
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "reading workflow should succeed") //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+			job := workflow.GetJob("build")
+			if job == nil {
+				// For empty matrix test
+				if tt.wantLen == 0 {
+					return
+				}
+				t.Fatal("job not found")
+			}
+
+			matrix := job.Matrix()
+
+			if tt.wantErr {
+				assert.Nil(t, matrix, "matrix should be nil on error")
+			} else {
+				if tt.wantLen == 0 {
+					assert.Nil(t, matrix, "matrix should be nil for jobs without strategy")
+				} else {
+					assert.NotNil(t, matrix, "matrix should not be nil")
+					assert.Len(t, matrix, tt.wantLen, "matrix should have expected number of keys")
+					if tt.checkFn != nil {
+						tt.checkFn(t, matrix)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestJobMatrixValidation(t *testing.T) {
+	// This test verifies that invalid nested map values are caught
+	t.Run("matrix_with_nested_map_fails", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Manually construct a job with a problematic matrix containing a nested map
+		job := &Job{
+			Strategy: &Strategy{
+				RawMatrix: yaml.Node{
+					Kind: yaml.MappingNode,
+					Content: []*yaml.Node{
+						{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: "config"},
+						{Kind: yaml.MappingNode, Tag: "!!map", Content: []*yaml.Node{
+							{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: "nested"},
+							{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: "value"},
+						}},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		}
+
+		// Attempt to get matrix
+		matrix := job.Matrix()
+
+		// Should return nil due to validation error
+		assert.Nil(t, matrix, "matrix with nested map should return nil")
+	})
+}
--- a/act/runner/action.go
+++ b/act/runner/action.go
@@ -6,9 +6,7 @@ package runner

 import (
 	"context"
-	"crypto/sha256"
 	"embed"
-	"encoding/hex"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
@@ -23,8 +21,8 @@ import (
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common/git"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/container"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"

-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
 	"github.com/kballard/go-shellquote"
 )

@@ -129,16 +127,6 @@ func readActionImpl(ctx context.Context, step *model.Step, actionDir, actionPath
 	return action, err
 }

-// cachedActionTar returns the action's tree from the action cache, which only a remote action
-// has an entry in.
-func cachedActionTar(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, name, includePrefix string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
-	remote, ok := step.(*stepActionRemote)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("action %q is a remote action but runs as %T", name, step)
-	}
-	return step.getRunContext().Config.ActionCache.GetTarArchive(ctx, remote.cacheDir, remote.resolvedSha, includePrefix)
-}
-
 func maybeCopyToActionDir(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, actionDir, actionPath, containerActionDir string) error {
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 	rc := step.getRunContext()
@@ -157,7 +145,8 @@ func maybeCopyToActionDir(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, actionDir, actio
 	}

 	if rc.Config != nil && rc.Config.ActionCache != nil {
-		ta, err := cachedActionTar(ctx, step, stepModel.Uses, "")
+		raction := step.(*stepActionRemote)
+		ta, err := rc.Config.ActionCache.GetTarArchive(ctx, raction.cacheDir, raction.resolvedSha, "")
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -216,7 +205,7 @@ func runActionImpl(step actionStep, actionDir string, remoteAction *remoteAction
 			if remoteAction == nil {
 				location = containerActionDir
 			}
-			return execAsDocker(ctx, step, actionName, actionDir, location, remoteAction == nil, stepStageMain)
+			return execAsDocker(ctx, step, actionName, actionDir, location, remoteAction == nil)
 		case x.IsComposite():
 			if err := maybeCopyToActionDir(ctx, step, actionDir, actionPath, containerActionDir); err != nil {
 				return err
@@ -283,38 +272,8 @@ func removeGitIgnore(ctx context.Context, directory string) error {
 	return nil
 }

-// dockerActionImageTag derives the local docker image tag used when an action
-// is built from a Dockerfile.
-//
-// For Gitea: a local action (`uses: ./` or `uses: ./path`) has an actionName
-// that is the workspace-relative path of the action. That path is identical
-// across repositories (e.g. "./" for a self-referencing action), so without
-// namespacing, every repository's local docker action would build and reuse the
-// same `act-dockeraction:latest` image on a shared docker daemon. A subsequent
-// repository would then silently run the image built for an earlier one.
-// Including the repository keeps the tag stable for caching within a repository
-// while preventing cross-repository collisions.
-// See https://gitea.com/gitea/runner/issues/1039.
-func dockerActionImageTag(repository, actionName string, localAction bool) string {
-	name := actionName
-	if localAction {
-		name = path.Join(repository, actionName)
-	}
-	// The human-readable name is sanitized by collapsing every non-alphanumeric character to "-".
-	sanitized := regexp.MustCompile("[^a-zA-Z0-9]").ReplaceAllString(name, "-")
-	if localAction {
-		// For local actions a short hash of the raw repository and action path is appended so the tag stays unique per repository.
-		sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(repository + "\x00" + actionName))
-		sanitized += "-" + hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])[:12]
-	}
-	// "-dockeraction" ensures that "./", "./test " won't get converted to "act-:latest", "act-test-:latest" which are invalid docker image names
-	image := fmt.Sprintf("%s-dockeraction:%s", sanitized, "latest")
-	image = "act-" + strings.TrimLeft(image, "-")
-	return strings.ToLower(image)
-}
-
 // TODO: break out parts of function to reduce complexicity
-func execAsDocker(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, actionName, actionDir, basedir string, localAction bool, stage stepStage) error {
+func execAsDocker(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, actionName, actionDir, basedir string, localAction bool) error {
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 	rc := step.getRunContext()
 	action := step.getActionModel()
@@ -327,7 +286,10 @@ func execAsDocker(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, actionName, actionDir, b
 		// Apply forcePull only for prebuild docker images
 		forcePull = rc.Config.ForcePull
 	} else {
-		image = dockerActionImageTag(step.getGithubContext(ctx).Repository, actionName, localAction)
+		// "-dockeraction" enshures that "./", "./test " won't get converted to "act-:latest", "act-test-:latest" which are invalid docker image names
+		image = fmt.Sprintf("%s-dockeraction:%s", regexp.MustCompile("[^a-zA-Z0-9]").ReplaceAllString(actionName, "-"), "latest")
+		image = "act-" + strings.TrimLeft(image, "-")
+		image = strings.ToLower(image)
 		contextDir, fileName := filepath.Split(filepath.Join(basedir, action.Runs.Image))

 		anyArchExists, err := ContainerImageExistsLocally(ctx, image, "any")
@@ -360,7 +322,8 @@ func execAsDocker(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, actionName, actionDir, b
 				}
 				defer buildContext.Close()
 			} else if rc.Config.ActionCache != nil {
-				buildContext, err = cachedActionTar(ctx, step, actionName, contextDir)
+				rstep := step.(*stepActionRemote)
+				buildContext, err = rc.Config.ActionCache.GetTarArchive(ctx, rstep.cacheDir, rstep.resolvedSha, contextDir)
 				if err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
@@ -372,7 +335,6 @@ func execAsDocker(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, actionName, actionDir, b
 				ImageTag:     image,
 				BuildContext: buildContext,
 				Platform:     rc.Config.ContainerArchitecture,
-				BuildArgs:    rc.proxyBuildArgs(),
 			})
 			if buildContext == nil {
 				// Held across the whole build: the daemon drains contextDir lazily.
@@ -395,10 +357,17 @@ func execAsDocker(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, actionName, actionDir, b
 		cmd = action.Runs.Args
 		evalDockerArgs(ctx, step, action, &cmd)
 	}
-	entrypoint, err := dockerEntrypoint(ctx, step, eval, stage)
+	entrypoint := strings.Fields(eval.Interpolate(ctx, step.getStepModel().With["entrypoint"]))
+	if len(entrypoint) == 0 {
+		if action.Runs.Entrypoint != "" {
+			entrypoint, err = shellquote.Split(action.Runs.Entrypoint)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
+		} else {
+			entrypoint = nil
+		}
+	}
 	stepContainer := newStepContainer(ctx, step, image, cmd, entrypoint)
 	return common.NewPipelineExecutor(
 		prepImage,
@@ -407,34 +376,10 @@ func execAsDocker(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, actionName, actionDir, b
 		stepContainer.Create(rc.Config.ContainerCapAdd, rc.Config.ContainerCapDrop),
 		stepContainer.Start(true),
 	).Finally(
-		stepContainer.Remove().IfBool(!rc.Config.ReuseContainers && !rc.Config.AutoRemove),
+		stepContainer.Remove().IfBool(!rc.Config.ReuseContainers),
 	).Finally(stepContainer.Close())(ctx)
 }

-// dockerEntrypoint returns the entrypoint the action's image runs with for the given
-// stage. Only the main stage honours the `entrypoint` input.
-func dockerEntrypoint(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, eval ExpressionEvaluator, stage stepStage) ([]string, error) {
-	runs := step.getActionModel().Runs
-
-	var entrypoint string
-	switch stage {
-	case stepStagePre:
-		entrypoint = runs.PreEntrypoint
-	case stepStagePost:
-		entrypoint = runs.PostEntrypoint
-	default:
-		if fields := strings.Fields(eval.Interpolate(ctx, step.getStepModel().With["entrypoint"])); len(fields) > 0 {
-			return fields, nil
-		}
-		entrypoint = runs.Entrypoint
-	}
-
-	if entrypoint == "" {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	return shellquote.Split(entrypoint)
-}
-
 func evalDockerArgs(ctx context.Context, step step, action *model.Action, cmd *[]string) {
 	rc := step.getRunContext()
 	stepModel := step.getStepModel()
@@ -481,18 +426,23 @@ func newStepContainer(ctx context.Context, step step, image string, cmd, entrypo
 		envList = append(envList, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", k, v))
 	}

-	envList = append(envList, rc.runnerEnv(ctx)...)
+	envList = append(envList, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", "RUNNER_TOOL_CACHE", "/opt/hostedtoolcache"))
+	envList = append(envList, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", "RUNNER_OS", "Linux"))
+	envList = append(envList, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", "RUNNER_ARCH", container.RunnerArch(ctx)))
+	envList = append(envList, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", "RUNNER_TEMP", "/tmp"))

 	binds, mounts := rc.GetBindsAndMounts()
 	networkMode := "container:" + rc.jobContainerName()
 	if rc.IsHostEnv(ctx) {
 		networkMode = "default"
 	}
-	stepContainer := ContainerNewContainer(&container.NewContainerInput{
+	stepContainer := container.NewContainer(&container.NewContainerInput{
 		Cmd:          cmd,
 		Entrypoint:   entrypoint,
 		WorkingDir:   rc.JobContainer.ToContainerPath(rc.Config.Workdir),
 		Image:        image,
+		Username:     rc.Config.Secrets["DOCKER_USERNAME"],
+		Password:     rc.Config.Secrets["DOCKER_PASSWORD"],
 		Name:         createContainerName(rc.jobContainerName(), "STEP-"+stepModel.ID),
 		Env:          envList,
 		Mounts:       mounts,
@@ -505,7 +455,7 @@ func newStepContainer(ctx context.Context, step step, image string, cmd, entrypo
 		Platform:     rc.Config.ContainerArchitecture,
 		Options:      rc.Config.ContainerOptions,
 		AutoRemove:   rc.Config.AutoRemove,
-		ValidVolumes: rc.validVolumes(),
+		ValidVolumes: rc.Config.ValidVolumes,
 		AllocatePTY:  rc.Config.AllocatePTY,
 	})
 	return stepContainer
@@ -582,57 +532,44 @@ func hasPreStep(step actionStep) common.Conditional {
 		return action.Runs.Using.IsComposite() ||
 			(action.Runs.Using.IsNode() &&
 				action.Runs.Pre != "") ||
-			(action.Runs.Using.IsDocker() &&
-				action.Runs.PreEntrypoint != "") ||
 			(action.Runs.Using == model.ActionRunsUsingGo &&
 				action.Runs.Pre != "")
 	}
 }

-// actionStagePaths resolves where a step's action lives and where the job container sees
-// it, for the pre and post stage.
-func actionStagePaths(step actionStep) (actionDir, actionPath, actionName, containerActionDir string) {
-	rc := step.getRunContext()
-	stepModel := step.getStepModel()
-
-	if sar, ok := step.(*stepActionRemote); ok {
-		actionDir = sar.actionDir()
-		actionPath = newRemoteAction(stepModel.Uses).Path
-	} else {
-		actionDir = filepath.Join(rc.Config.Workdir, stepModel.Uses)
-	}
-
-	actionName, containerActionDir = getContainerActionPaths(stepModel, path.Join(actionDir, actionPath), rc)
-	return actionDir, actionPath, actionName, containerActionDir
-}
-
-// execDockerActionStage runs a docker action's image for its pre or post stage.
-func execDockerActionStage(ctx context.Context, step actionStep, stage stepStage) error {
-	actionDir, actionPath, actionName, containerActionDir := actionStagePaths(step)
-
-	_, remote := step.(*stepActionRemote)
-	location := containerActionDir
-	if remote {
-		location = path.Join(actionDir, actionPath)
-	}
-	return execAsDocker(ctx, step, actionName, actionDir, location, !remote, stage)
-}
-
 func runPreStep(step actionStep) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 		logger.Debugf("run pre step for '%s'", step.getStepModel())

 		rc := step.getRunContext()
+		stepModel := step.getStepModel()
 		action := step.getActionModel()

-		actionDir, actionPath, _, containerActionDir := actionStagePaths(step)
-
 		x := action.Runs.Using
 		switch {
 		case x.IsNode():
 			// defaults in pre steps were missing, however provided inputs are available
 			populateEnvsFromInput(ctx, step.getEnv(), action, rc)
+			// todo: refactor into step
+			var actionDir string
+			var actionPath string
+			if _, ok := step.(*stepActionRemote); ok {
+				actionPath = newRemoteAction(stepModel.Uses).Path
+				actionDir = fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", rc.ActionCacheDir(), stepModel.UsesHash())
+			} else {
+				actionDir = filepath.Join(rc.Config.Workdir, stepModel.Uses)
+				actionPath = ""
+			}
+
+			var actionLocation string
+			if actionPath != "" {
+				actionLocation = path.Join(actionDir, actionPath)
+			} else {
+				actionLocation = actionDir
+			}
+
+			_, containerActionDir := getContainerActionPaths(stepModel, actionLocation, rc)

 			if err := maybeCopyToActionDir(ctx, step, actionDir, actionPath, containerActionDir); err != nil {
 				return err
@@ -645,12 +582,6 @@ func runPreStep(step actionStep) common.Executor {

 			return rc.execJobContainer(containerArgs, *step.getEnv(), "", "")(ctx)

-		case x.IsDocker():
-			// defaults in pre steps were missing, however provided inputs are available
-			populateEnvsFromInput(ctx, step.getEnv(), action, rc)
-
-			return execDockerActionStage(ctx, step, stepStagePre)
-
 		case x.IsComposite():
 			if step.getCompositeSteps() == nil {
 				step.getCompositeRunContext(ctx)
@@ -664,6 +595,25 @@ func runPreStep(step actionStep) common.Executor {
 		case x == model.ActionRunsUsingGo:
 			// defaults in pre steps were missing, however provided inputs are available
 			populateEnvsFromInput(ctx, step.getEnv(), action, rc)
+			// todo: refactor into step
+			var actionDir string
+			var actionPath string
+			if _, ok := step.(*stepActionRemote); ok {
+				actionPath = newRemoteAction(stepModel.Uses).Path
+				actionDir = fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", rc.ActionCacheDir(), stepModel.UsesHash())
+			} else {
+				actionDir = filepath.Join(rc.Config.Workdir, stepModel.Uses)
+				actionPath = ""
+			}
+
+			var actionLocation string
+			if actionPath != "" {
+				actionLocation = path.Join(actionDir, actionPath)
+			} else {
+				actionLocation = actionDir
+			}
+
+			_, containerActionDir := getContainerActionPaths(stepModel, actionLocation, rc)

 			if err := maybeCopyToActionDir(ctx, step, actionDir, actionPath, containerActionDir); err != nil {
 				return err
@@ -716,8 +666,6 @@ func hasPostStep(step actionStep) common.Conditional {
 		return action.Runs.Using.IsComposite() ||
 			(action.Runs.Using.IsNode() &&
 				action.Runs.Post != "") ||
-			(action.Runs.Using.IsDocker() &&
-				action.Runs.PostEntrypoint != "") ||
 			(action.Runs.Using == model.ActionRunsUsingGo &&
 				action.Runs.Post != "")
 	}
@@ -729,9 +677,28 @@ func runPostStep(step actionStep) common.Executor {
 		logger.Debugf("run post step for '%s'", step.getStepModel())

 		rc := step.getRunContext()
+		stepModel := step.getStepModel()
 		action := step.getActionModel()

-		actionDir, actionPath, _, containerActionDir := actionStagePaths(step)
+		// todo: refactor into step
+		var actionDir string
+		var actionPath string
+		if _, ok := step.(*stepActionRemote); ok {
+			actionPath = newRemoteAction(stepModel.Uses).Path
+			actionDir = fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", rc.ActionCacheDir(), stepModel.UsesHash())
+		} else {
+			actionDir = filepath.Join(rc.Config.Workdir, stepModel.Uses)
+			actionPath = ""
+		}
+
+		var actionLocation string
+		if actionPath != "" {
+			actionLocation = path.Join(actionDir, actionPath)
+		} else {
+			actionLocation = actionDir
+		}
+
+		_, containerActionDir := getContainerActionPaths(stepModel, actionLocation, rc)

 		x := action.Runs.Using
 		switch {
@@ -746,11 +713,6 @@ func runPostStep(step actionStep) common.Executor {

 			return rc.execJobContainer(containerArgs, *step.getEnv(), "", "")(ctx)

-		case x.IsDocker():
-			populateEnvsFromSavedState(step.getEnv(), step, rc)
-
-			return execDockerActionStage(ctx, step, stepStagePost)
-
 		case x.IsComposite():
 			if err := maybeCopyToActionDir(ctx, step, actionDir, actionPath, containerActionDir); err != nil {
 				return err
--- a/act/runner/action_cache_test.go
+++ b/act/runner/action_cache_test.go
@@ -8,139 +8,64 @@ import (
 	"archive/tar"
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"os"
-	"os/exec"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"
-	"time"

-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-
-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )

-func runGit(t *testing.T, dir string, args ...string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	if dir != "" {
-		args = append([]string{"-C", dir}, args...)
-	}
-	cmd := exec.Command("git", args...)
-	// Fixed identity and host-config isolation so commits succeed offline regardless of the
-	// host's git config (mirrors gitCmd in act/common/git).
-	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(),
-		"GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=test", "GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=test@example.com",
-		"GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=test", "GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=test@example.com",
-		"GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL=/dev/null", "GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM=/dev/null",
-	)
-	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
-	require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
-}
-
-// TestShortShaActionRejected verifies a `uses` ref that is a shortened commit SHA is rejected
-// with a clear error. The action is resolved from a local repo (via DefaultActionInstance) so
-// this runs offline.
-func TestShortShaActionRejected(t *testing.T) {
-	// a local "remote" action repo at <root>/actions/hello-world-docker-action
-	actionRoot := t.TempDir()
-	repo := filepath.Join(actionRoot, "actions", "hello-world-docker-action")
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(repo, 0o755))
-	runGit(t, "", "init", "--initial-branch=main", repo)
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(repo, "action.yml"),
-		[]byte("name: hello\nruns:\n  using: node24\n  main: index.js\n"), 0o644))
-	runGit(t, repo, "add", ".")
-	runGit(t, repo, "commit", "-m", "initial")
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD").Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	shortSha := strings.TrimSpace(string(out))[:7]
-
-	// a workflow that uses the action at the short SHA
-	wfDir := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "wf")
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(wfDir, 0o755))
-	wf := fmt.Sprintf("on: push\njobs:\n  test:\n    runs-on: ubuntu-latest\n    steps:\n      - uses: actions/hello-world-docker-action@%s\n", shortSha)
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(wfDir, "push.yml"), []byte(wf), 0o644))
-
-	runner, err := New(&Config{
-		Workdir:               wfDir,
-		EventName:             "push",
-		Platforms:             map[string]string{"ubuntu-latest": baseImage},
-		GitHubInstance:        "github.com",
-		DefaultActionInstance: actionRoot,
-		ContainerMaxLifetime:  time.Hour,
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	planner, err := model.NewWorkflowPlanner(wfDir, true)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	plan, err := planner.PlanEvent("push")
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	err = runner.NewPlanExecutor(plan)(common.WithDryrun(context.Background(), true))
-	require.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "shortened version of a commit SHA")
-}
-
 func TestActionCache(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	a := assert.New(t)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	// Build a local bare repo with a `js` action dir so this runs offline (formerly cloned
-	// github.com/nektos/act-test-actions over the network). allowAnySHA1InWant lets the
-	// "Fetch Sha" case fetch a commit hash directly.
-	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
-	runGit(t, "", "init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir)
-	runGit(t, remoteDir, "config", "uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant", "true")
-
-	workDir := t.TempDir()
-	runGit(t, "", "clone", remoteDir, workDir)
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(workDir, "js"), 0o755))
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(workDir, "js", "action.yml"),
-		[]byte("name: js\nruns:\n  using: node24\n  main: index.js\n"), 0o644))
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(workDir, "js", "index.js"),
-		[]byte("console.log('hello');\n"), 0o644))
-	runGit(t, workDir, "add", ".")
-	runGit(t, workDir, "commit", "-m", "initial")
-	runGit(t, workDir, "push", "-u", "origin", "main")
-
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", workDir, "rev-parse", "main").Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	fullSha := strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
-
 	cache := &GoGitActionCache{
 		Path: t.TempDir(),
 	}
-	cacheDir := "local/act-test-actions"
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	cacheDir := "nektos/act-test-actions"
+	repo := "https://github.com/nektos/act-test-actions"
 	refs := []struct {
 		Name     string
+		CacheDir string
+		Repo     string
 		Ref      string
 	}{
-		{Name: "Fetch Branch Name", Ref: "main"},
-		{Name: "Fetch Branch Name Absolutely", Ref: "refs/heads/main"},
-		{Name: "Fetch HEAD", Ref: "HEAD"},
-		{Name: "Fetch Sha", Ref: fullSha},
+		{
+			Name:     "Fetch Branch Name",
+			CacheDir: cacheDir,
+			Repo:     repo,
+			Ref:      "main",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:     "Fetch Branch Name Absolutely",
+			CacheDir: cacheDir,
+			Repo:     repo,
+			Ref:      "refs/heads/main",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:     "Fetch HEAD",
+			CacheDir: cacheDir,
+			Repo:     repo,
+			Ref:      "HEAD",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:     "Fetch Sha",
+			CacheDir: cacheDir,
+			Repo:     repo,
+			Ref:      "de984ca37e4df4cb9fd9256435a3b82c4a2662b1",
+		},
 	}
 	for _, c := range refs {
 		t.Run(c.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			sha, err := cache.Fetch(ctx, cacheDir, remoteDir, c.Ref, "")
+			sha, err := cache.Fetch(ctx, c.CacheDir, c.Repo, c.Ref, "")
 			if !a.NoError(err) || !a.NotEmpty(sha) { //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 				return
 			}
-			atar, err := cache.GetTarArchive(ctx, cacheDir, sha, "js")
-			// NotNil, not NotEmpty: atar is a live io.PipeReader whose producer goroutine is
-			// writing concurrently; NotEmpty deep-reflects over its internals and races.
-			if !a.NoError(err) || !a.NotNil(atar) { //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			atar, err := cache.GetTarArchive(ctx, c.CacheDir, sha, "js")
+			if !a.NoError(err) || !a.NotEmpty(atar) { //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 				return
 			}
-			// GetTarArchive streams from a background goroutine walking the shared repo.
-			// Drain and close so it finishes before the next subtest fetches into the same
-			// repo; otherwise the lingering walk races with that fetch.
-			defer func() {
-				_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, atar)
-				_ = atar.Close()
-			}()
 			mytar := tar.NewReader(atar)
 			th, err := mytar.Next()
 			if !a.NoError(err) || !a.NotEqual(0, th.Size) { //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
--- a/act/runner/action_composite.go
+++ b/act/runner/action_composite.go
@@ -8,13 +8,11 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"regexp"
-	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-
-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
 )

 func evaluateCompositeInputAndEnv(ctx context.Context, parent *RunContext, step actionStep) map[string]string {
@@ -87,19 +85,6 @@ func newCompositeRunContext(ctx context.Context, parent *RunContext, step action
 	return compositerc
 }

-// appendUniqueMasks appends the masks from src to dst, skipping any mask that
-// is already present in dst. This prevents the parent RunContext's Masks slice
-// from growing exponentially when composite actions are nested or repeated,
-// since each composite RunContext is seeded with its parent's masks.
-func appendUniqueMasks(dst, src []string) []string {
-	for _, m := range src {
-		if !slices.Contains(dst, m) {
-			dst = append(dst, m)
-		}
-	}
-	return dst
-}
-
 func execAsComposite(step actionStep) common.Executor {
 	rc := step.getRunContext()
 	action := step.getActionModel()
@@ -125,11 +110,7 @@ func execAsComposite(step actionStep) common.Executor {
 			}, eval.Interpolate(ctx, output.Value))
 		}

-		// compositeRC.Masks is seeded with rc.Masks (see newCompositeRunContext)
-		// and may have additional masks appended while the composite action runs.
-		// Only append masks that are not already present, otherwise nested or
-		// repeated composite actions grow rc.Masks exponentially.
-		rc.Masks = appendUniqueMasks(rc.Masks, compositeRC.Masks)
+		rc.Masks = append(rc.Masks, compositeRC.Masks...)
 		rc.ExtraPath = compositeRC.ExtraPath
 		// compositeRC.Env is dirty, contains INPUT_ and merged step env, only rely on compositeRC.GlobalEnv
 		mergeIntoMap := mergeIntoMapCaseSensitive
--- a/act/runner/action_composite_test.go
+++ b/act/runner/action_composite_test.go
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package runner
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-)
-
-func TestAppendUniqueMasks(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name string
-		dst  []string
-		src  []string
-		want []string
-	}{
-		{
-			name: "appends new masks",
-			dst:  []string{"a"},
-			src:  []string{"b", "c"},
-			want: []string{"a", "b", "c"},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "skips masks already present",
-			dst:  []string{"a", "b"},
-			src:  []string{"a", "b"},
-			want: []string{"a", "b"},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "deduplicates within src",
-			dst:  []string{"a"},
-			src:  []string{"b", "b", "a"},
-			want: []string{"a", "b"},
-		},
-		{
-			name: "empty src leaves dst unchanged",
-			dst:  []string{"a"},
-			src:  nil,
-			want: []string{"a"},
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, appendUniqueMasks(tt.dst, tt.src))
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-// TestAppendUniqueMasksNoExponentialGrowth reproduces the exponential growth of
-// the parent's Masks slice observed with nested/repeated composite actions. A
-// composite RunContext is seeded with its parent's masks and the whole seeded
-// slice was previously appended back into the parent, doubling its length on
-// every composite action.
-func TestAppendUniqueMasksNoExponentialGrowth(t *testing.T) {
-	parentMasks := []string{"secret"}
-
-	for range 20 {
-		// compositeRC.Masks starts as a copy of the parent's masks (it is
-		// seeded with parent.Masks in newCompositeRunContext).
-		compositeMasks := make([]string, len(parentMasks))
-		copy(compositeMasks, parentMasks)
-
-		parentMasks = appendUniqueMasks(parentMasks, compositeMasks)
-	}
-
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"secret"}, parentMasks)
-}
--- a/act/runner/action_test.go
+++ b/act/runner/action_test.go
@@ -16,11 +16,10 @@ import (
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common/git"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/container"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"

-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )

 type closerMock struct {
@@ -151,44 +150,6 @@ runs:
 	}
 }

-// With AutoRemove the daemon reaps the container on exit, so act must not remove it afterwards.
-func TestExecAsDockerAutoRemove(t *testing.T) {
-	orig := ContainerNewContainer
-	defer func() { ContainerNewContainer = orig }()
-
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		autoRemove bool
-		removes    int
-	}{
-		{false, 2}, // stale + post-run
-		{true, 1},  // post-run skipped
-	} {
-		cm := &containerMock{}
-		ContainerNewContainer = func(*container.NewContainerInput) container.ExecutionsEnvironment { return cm }
-
-		step := &stepActionRemote{
-			Step: &model.Step{ID: "1", Uses: "org/action@v1"},
-			RunContext: &RunContext{
-				Config:       &Config{AutoRemove: tc.autoRemove},
-				Run:          &model.Run{JobID: "1", Workflow: &model.Workflow{Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{"1": {}}}},
-				JobContainer: cm,
-			},
-			action: &model.Action{Runs: model.ActionRuns{Using: "docker", Image: "docker://node:14"}},
-		}
-
-		removes := 0
-		cm.On("Pull", false).Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-		cm.On("Remove").Return(func(context.Context) error { removes++; return nil })
-		cm.On("Create", []string(nil), []string(nil)).Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-		cm.On("Start", true).Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-		cm.On("Close").Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-
-		require.NoError(t, execAsDocker(context.Background(), step, "action", t.TempDir(), t.TempDir(), false, stepStageMain))
-		cm.AssertExpectations(t)
-		assert.Equal(t, tc.removes, removes)
-	}
-}
-
 func TestActionRunner(t *testing.T) {
 	table := []struct {
 		name        string
@@ -297,54 +258,6 @@ func TestActionRunner(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-func TestNewStepContainerDoesNotUseDockerSecrets(t *testing.T) {
-	cm := &containerMock{}
-
-	var captured *container.NewContainerInput
-	origContainerNewContainer := ContainerNewContainer
-	ContainerNewContainer = func(input *container.NewContainerInput) container.ExecutionsEnvironment {
-		captured = input
-		return cm
-	}
-	defer func() {
-		ContainerNewContainer = origContainerNewContainer
-	}()
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	rc := &RunContext{
-		Name: "job",
-		Config: &Config{
-			Secrets: map[string]string{
-				"DOCKER_USERNAME": "docker-user",
-				"DOCKER_PASSWORD": "docker-password",
-			},
-		},
-		Run: &model.Run{
-			JobID: "job",
-			Workflow: &model.Workflow{
-				Name: "test",
-				Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{
-					"job": {},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-		JobContainer: cm,
-		StepResults:  map[string]*model.StepResult{},
-	}
-	env := map[string]string{}
-	step := &stepMock{}
-	step.On("getRunContext").Return(rc)
-	step.On("getStepModel").Return(&model.Step{ID: "action"})
-	step.On("getEnv").Return(&env)
-
-	_ = newStepContainer(ctx, step, "registry.example.com/action:tag", nil, nil)
-
-	// DOCKER_USERNAME/DOCKER_PASSWORD should not be injected as pull credentials for docker action containers.
-	assert.Empty(t, captured.Username)
-	assert.Empty(t, captured.Password)
-	step.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
 func TestMaybeCopyToActionDirHoldsCloneLock(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()

@@ -465,7 +378,7 @@ func TestExecAsDockerHoldsCloneLockForRemoteUncached(t *testing.T) {
 	defer cancel()

 	done := make(chan error, 1)
-	go func() { done <- execAsDocker(ctx, step, "test-action", actionDir, actionDir, false, stepStageMain) }()
+	go func() { done <- execAsDocker(ctx, step, "test-action", actionDir, actionDir, false) }()

 	select {
 	case <-innerEntered:
@@ -494,133 +407,3 @@ func TestExecAsDockerHoldsCloneLockForRemoteUncached(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("execAsDocker did not return after inner was released and ctx was canceled")
 	}
 }
-
-func TestDockerActionImageTag(t *testing.T) {
-	// Remote actions already carry a unique, ref-scoped actionName (the uses
-	// hash), so the tag must be left untouched for backwards compatibility.
-	assert.Equal(t,
-		"act-abc123-dockeraction:latest",
-		dockerActionImageTag("owner/repo", "abc123", false),
-	)
-
-	// Local actions keep a human-readable, repository-namespaced prefix and gain a short hash suffix that makes the tag unique per (repository, actionName).
-	// See https://gitea.com/gitea/runner/issues/1039.
-	assert.Equal(t,
-		"act-owner-repo-baca2daaa2fe-dockeraction:latest",
-		dockerActionImageTag("owner/repo", "./", true),
-	)
-	assert.Equal(t,
-		"act-owner-repo-sub-e847b61255a8-dockeraction:latest",
-		dockerActionImageTag("owner/repo", "./sub", true),
-	)
-
-	// Sanitizing every non-alphanumeric character to "-" is lossy, so distinct inputs can collapse to the same readable prefix.
-	// The hash suffix must keep such cases apart, otherwise an image built for one repository is reused for another.
-	collisions := [][2]struct {
-		repoName   string
-		actionName string
-	}{
-		// Two different repositories, both `uses: ./`: "a/b-c" and "a-b/c" both sanitize to "a-b-c".
-		{{"a/b-c", "./"}, {"a-b/c", "./"}},
-		// A repository's root action vs another repository's sub-path action:
-		// "owner/repo-a" + "./" and "owner/repo" + "./a" both sanitize to "owner-repo-a".
-		{{"owner/repo-a", "./"}, {"owner/repo", "./a"}},
-	}
-	for _, c := range collisions {
-		assert.NotEqual(t,
-			dockerActionImageTag(c[0].repoName, c[0].actionName, true),
-			dockerActionImageTag(c[1].repoName, c[1].actionName, true),
-			"local docker action tags must differ for %q/%q vs %q/%q",
-			c[0].repoName, c[0].actionName, c[1].repoName, c[1].actionName,
-		)
-	}
-
-	// Distinct local actions within the same repository keep distinct tags.
-	assert.NotEqual(t,
-		dockerActionImageTag("owner/repo", "./", true),
-		dockerActionImageTag("owner/repo", "./sub", true),
-	)
-}
-
-// Only the entrypoint is stage specific: every stage of a docker action receives runs.args
-// and runs.env, and the `entrypoint` input applies to the main stage alone.
-func TestExecAsDockerStageEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
-	orig := ContainerNewContainer
-	defer func() { ContainerNewContainer = orig }()
-
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		name           string
-		stage          stepStage
-		wantEntrypoint []string
-	}{
-		{
-			name:           "main stage prefers the entrypoint input",
-			stage:          stepStageMain,
-			wantEntrypoint: []string{"input.sh"},
-		},
-		{
-			name:           "pre stage uses runs.pre-entrypoint",
-			stage:          stepStagePre,
-			wantEntrypoint: []string{"pre.sh", "--verbose"},
-		},
-		{
-			name:           "post stage uses runs.post-entrypoint",
-			stage:          stepStagePost,
-			wantEntrypoint: []string{"post.sh"},
-		},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			cm := &containerMock{}
-			var input *container.NewContainerInput
-			ContainerNewContainer = func(in *container.NewContainerInput) container.ExecutionsEnvironment {
-				input = in
-				return cm
-			}
-
-			step := &stepActionRemote{
-				Step: &model.Step{ID: "1", Uses: "org/action@v1", With: map[string]string{"entrypoint": "input.sh"}},
-				RunContext: &RunContext{
-					Config:       &Config{},
-					Run:          &model.Run{JobID: "1", Workflow: &model.Workflow{Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{"1": {}}}},
-					JobContainer: cm,
-				},
-				action: &model.Action{Runs: model.ActionRuns{
-					Using:          "docker",
-					Image:          "docker://node:14",
-					PreEntrypoint:  "pre.sh --verbose",
-					Entrypoint:     "main.sh",
-					PostEntrypoint: "post.sh",
-					Args:           []string{"hello"},
-					Env:            map[string]string{"MY_VAR": "world"},
-				}},
-				env: map[string]string{},
-			}
-
-			cm.On("Pull", false).Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-			cm.On("Remove").Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-			cm.On("Create", []string(nil), []string(nil)).Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-			cm.On("Start", true).Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-			cm.On("Close").Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-
-			require.NoError(t, execAsDocker(context.Background(), step, "action", t.TempDir(), t.TempDir(), false, tc.stage))
-			require.NotNil(t, input)
-			assert.Equal(t, tc.wantEntrypoint, input.Entrypoint)
-			assert.Equal(t, []string{"hello"}, input.Cmd)
-			assert.Contains(t, input.Env, "MY_VAR=world")
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDockerActionHasPreAndPostStep(t *testing.T) {
-	newStep := func(runs model.ActionRuns) actionStep {
-		return &stepActionRemote{action: &model.Action{Runs: runs}}
-	}
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	assert.False(t, hasPreStep(newStep(model.ActionRuns{Using: "docker", Image: "Dockerfile"}))(ctx))
-	assert.False(t, hasPostStep(newStep(model.ActionRuns{Using: "docker", Image: "Dockerfile"}))(ctx))
-
-	withStages := model.ActionRuns{Using: "docker", Image: "Dockerfile", PreEntrypoint: "pre.sh", PostEntrypoint: "post.sh"}
-	assert.True(t, hasPreStep(newStep(withStages))(ctx))
-	assert.True(t, hasPostStep(newStep(withStages))(ctx))
-}
--- a/act/runner/cancellation_test.go
+++ b/act/runner/cancellation_test.go
@@ -1,312 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package runner
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-
-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/exprparser"
-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-	"go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
-)
-
-// TestCancelledJobStatusEnablesAlwaysAndCancelledSteps verifies that once a job is
-// cancelled, getJobContext reports the "cancelled" status so the step `if` functions
-// evaluate the way GitHub Actions does: cancelled()/always() are true, success()/failure()
-// are false. A step that defaults to success() is therefore skipped while an always() step
-// still runs. Before the fix the status could only ever be success/failure, so cancelled()
-// was structurally impossible and cancel-only cleanup steps never ran.
-func TestCancelledJobStatusEnablesAlwaysAndCancelledSteps(t *testing.T) {
-	rc := createIfTestRunContext(map[string]*model.Job{
-		"job1": createJob(t, `runs-on: ubuntu-latest`, ""),
-	})
-	rc.markCancelled()
-
-	// The core fix: the job status context now reports "cancelled" instead of being
-	// pinned to success/failure.
-	jobCtx := rc.getJobContext()
-	require.Equal(t, "cancelled", jobCtx.Status)
-
-	// Feed that status through the step-context expression functions, which is what a
-	// step `if` evaluates. On a cancelled job only always()/cancelled() are true.
-	interp := exprparser.NewInterpeter(
-		&exprparser.EvaluationEnvironment{Job: jobCtx},
-		exprparser.Config{Context: "step"},
-	)
-	for expr, want := range map[string]bool{
-		"cancelled()":  true,
-		"always()":     true,
-		"success()":    false,
-		"failure()":    false,
-		"!cancelled()": false,
-	} {
-		got, err := interp.Evaluate(expr, exprparser.DefaultStatusCheckNone)
-		require.NoErrorf(t, err, "Evaluate(%q)", expr)
-		assert.Equalf(t, want, got, "Evaluate(%q) on a cancelled job", expr)
-	}
-
-	// A step without an `if` defaults to success() and must be skipped on cancel,
-	// while an `if: always()` step must still run.
-	disabled, err := interp.Evaluate("", exprparser.DefaultStatusCheckSuccess)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, false, disabled, "default-success step must be skipped on a cancelled job")
-
-	enabled, err := interp.Evaluate("always()", exprparser.DefaultStatusCheckSuccess)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, true, enabled, "`if: always()` step must run on a cancelled job")
-}
-
-// TestMainStepsExecutorRunsAlwaysStepsAfterCancel verifies that newMainStepsExecutor does
-// not abandon the remaining steps when the run is cancelled mid-pipeline. The later step
-// still runs (so a main-stage always() step is reached), it runs under a fresh,
-// non-cancelled context, and the job is marked cancelled. The interrupt error is still
-// propagated so callers up the chain see the cancellation.
-func TestMainStepsExecutorRunsAlwaysStepsAfterCancel(t *testing.T) {
-	rc := createIfTestRunContext(map[string]*model.Job{
-		"job1": createJob(t, `runs-on: ubuntu-latest`, ""),
-	})
-
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-	defer cancel()
-
-	var ran []string
-	var laterStepCtxErr error
-	steps := []common.Executor{
-		func(_ context.Context) error {
-			ran = append(ran, "step1")
-			cancel() // server cancellation lands while step1 runs
-			return nil
-		},
-		func(c context.Context) error {
-			ran = append(ran, "always-step")
-			laterStepCtxErr = c.Err()
-			return nil
-		},
-	}
-
-	err := newMainStepsExecutor(rc, steps)(ctx)
-
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, context.Canceled, "interrupt error is propagated")
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"step1", "always-step"}, ran, "the always() step still runs after cancel")
-	require.NoError(t, laterStepCtxErr, "remaining steps run under a fresh, non-cancelled context")
-	assert.True(t, rc.jobCancelled, "the job is marked cancelled")
-}
-
-// TestMainStepsExecutorMarksFailedOnTimeoutBetweenSteps guards the timeout path's symmetry with the cancel path.
-// When the job deadline (timeout-minutes) lands in the gap between two steps, the job must be marked as failed (not cancelled),
-// so always()/failure() cleanup steps run while default success() steps skip, and so the timed-out job is not reported as success.
-func TestMainStepsExecutorMarksFailedOnTimeoutBetweenSteps(t *testing.T) {
-	rc := createIfTestRunContext(map[string]*model.Job{
-		"job1": createJob(t, `runs-on: ubuntu-latest`, ""),
-	})
-
-	// A short deadline that we let elapse between steps, so no step records the error itself.
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Millisecond)
-	defer cancel()
-
-	var ran []string
-	var laterStepCtxErr error
-	steps := []common.Executor{
-		func(c context.Context) error {
-			ran = append(ran, "step1")
-			// Block until the job deadline elapses, then return cleanly: the interrupt lands in the loop's between-steps check, not inside a step.
-			<-c.Done()
-			return nil
-		},
-		func(c context.Context) error {
-			ran = append(ran, "always-step")
-			laterStepCtxErr = c.Err()
-			return nil
-		},
-	}
-
-	err := newMainStepsExecutor(rc, steps)(ctx)
-
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, context.DeadlineExceeded, "the timeout error is propagated")
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"step1", "always-step"}, ran, "the always() step still runs after a timeout")
-	require.NoError(t, laterStepCtxErr, "remaining steps run under a fresh, non-expired context")
-	assert.True(t, rc.jobFailed, "a job timeout marks the job failed")
-	assert.False(t, rc.jobCancelled, "a timeout is not a cancellation")
-
-	// The status the real main-step `if` evaluation sees: "failure", so default success() steps skip while always()/failure() steps run.
-	assert.Equal(t, "failure", rc.getJobContext().Status)
-}
-
-// TestStepsExecutorRunsMainStepsAfterPreCancel verifies that a cancellation landing during the
-// pre phase does not abandon the main steps: newStepsExecutor still runs the main-steps executor,
-// so a main-stage always()/cancelled() step is reached (under a fresh, non-cancelled context),
-// the job is marked cancelled, and the cancellation is propagated. Before the fix the `.Then(...)`
-// short-circuit skipped the main steps entirely when a pre step was cancelled.
-func TestStepsExecutorRunsMainStepsAfterPreCancel(t *testing.T) {
-	rc := createIfTestRunContext(map[string]*model.Job{
-		"job1": createJob(t, `runs-on: ubuntu-latest`, ""),
-	})
-
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
-	defer cancel()
-
-	var ran []string
-	var mainStepCtxErr error
-	preSteps := []common.Executor{
-		func(_ context.Context) error {
-			ran = append(ran, "pre1")
-			cancel() // server cancellation lands during the pre phase
-			return nil
-		},
-	}
-	steps := []common.Executor{
-		func(c context.Context) error {
-			ran = append(ran, "always-step")
-			mainStepCtxErr = c.Err()
-			return nil
-		},
-	}
-
-	err := newStepsExecutor(rc, preSteps, steps)(ctx)
-
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, context.Canceled, "the cancellation is propagated")
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"pre1", "always-step"}, ran, "the main always() step runs after a pre-phase cancel")
-	require.NoError(t, mainStepCtxErr, "the main step runs under a fresh, non-cancelled context")
-	assert.True(t, rc.jobCancelled, "the job is marked cancelled")
-}
-
-// TestStepsExecutorRunsMainStepsAfterPreFailure verifies that a failing pre step does not abandon
-// the main steps: they still run (so a main-stage always()/failure() step is reached), and the
-// pre-step error is propagated so the job is reported as failed. The main steps' own `if`
-// evaluation is what skips success()-default steps, so running them here is safe.
-func TestStepsExecutorRunsMainStepsAfterPreFailure(t *testing.T) {
-	rc := createIfTestRunContext(map[string]*model.Job{
-		"job1": createJob(t, `runs-on: ubuntu-latest`, ""),
-	})
-
-	var ran []string
-	preSteps := []common.Executor{
-		func(_ context.Context) error {
-			ran = append(ran, "pre1")
-			return assert.AnError
-		},
-	}
-	steps := []common.Executor{
-		func(_ context.Context) error {
-			ran = append(ran, "always-step")
-			return nil
-		},
-	}
-
-	err := newStepsExecutor(rc, preSteps, steps)(context.Background())
-
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, assert.AnError, "the pre-step error is propagated")
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"pre1", "always-step"}, ran, "the main always() step runs after a pre-step failure")
-	assert.False(t, rc.jobCancelled, "a pre-step failure is not a cancellation")
-}
-
-// TestPreStepFailureAffectsMainStepIfStatus verifies the status path used by real
-// main-step `if` evaluation. A pre-step failure is not present in StepResults, so
-// recording only the context job error is not enough: getJobContext must also report
-// failure so success()-default main steps skip and failure() steps run.
-func TestPreStepFailureAffectsMainStepIfStatus(t *testing.T) {
-	rc := createIfTestRunContext(map[string]*model.Job{
-		"job1": createJob(t, `runs-on: ubuntu-latest`, ""),
-	})
-	ctx := common.WithJobErrorContainer(context.Background())
-
-	reportStepError(ctx, rc, assert.AnError)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, "failure", rc.getJobContext().Status)
-	require.ErrorIs(t, common.JobError(ctx), assert.AnError)
-
-	defaultStep := &stepRun{
-		RunContext: rc,
-		Step:       &model.Step{ID: "default-step"},
-		env:        map[string]string{},
-	}
-	defaultEnabled, err := isStepEnabled(ctx, defaultStep.getIfExpression(ctx, stepStageMain), defaultStep, stepStageMain)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.False(t, defaultEnabled, "default success() main step must skip after a pre-step failure")
-
-	failureStep := &stepRun{
-		RunContext: rc,
-		Step: &model.Step{
-			ID: "failure-step",
-			If: yaml.Node{Value: "failure()"},
-		},
-		env: map[string]string{},
-	}
-	failureEnabled, err := isStepEnabled(ctx, failureStep.getIfExpression(ctx, stepStageMain), failureStep, stepStageMain)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.True(t, failureEnabled, "failure() main step must run after a pre-step failure")
-}
-
-// TestPostStepsContextCancelledIsUsableForFailingStep guards against a panic: post/cleanup
-// steps run on a context derived from the cancelled job context, and a failing post step
-// records its error via common.SetJobError. If that derived context lacks a job-error container,
-// SetJobError dereferences a nil map and panics. The post context must therefore be detached
-// from cancellation (so the steps run) yet still carry a usable error container.
-func TestPostStepsContextCancelledIsUsableForFailingStep(t *testing.T) {
-	cancelled, cancel := context.WithCancel(common.WithJobErrorContainer(context.Background()))
-	cancel()
-	require.ErrorIs(t, cancelled.Err(), context.Canceled)
-
-	postCtx, done := postStepsContext(cancelled)
-	defer done()
-
-	// Detached from cancellation, so the post steps actually run.
-	require.NoError(t, postCtx.Err(), "post context must not be cancelled")
-
-	// A failing post step records its error instead of panicking.
-	require.NotPanics(t, func() {
-		common.SetJobError(postCtx, assert.AnError)
-	}, "a failing post step must not panic on the cancel path")
-	assert.ErrorIs(t, common.JobError(postCtx), assert.AnError)
-}
-
-// TestPostStepsContextDeadlinePreservesJobError verifies the job-timeout path keeps the original
-// job-error container (via context.WithoutCancel), so the timeout failure and any post-step error
-// survive into the post phase and the job is still reported as failed.
-func TestPostStepsContextDeadlinePreservesJobError(t *testing.T) {
-	base := common.WithJobErrorContainer(context.Background())
-	common.SetJobError(base, assert.AnError)
-	expired, cancel := context.WithDeadline(base, time.Now().Add(-time.Hour))
-	defer cancel()
-	require.ErrorIs(t, expired.Err(), context.DeadlineExceeded)
-
-	postCtx, done := postStepsContext(expired)
-	defer done()
-
-	require.NoError(t, postCtx.Err(), "post context must not carry the expired deadline")
-	assert.ErrorIs(t, common.JobError(postCtx), assert.AnError, "the timeout job error must be preserved")
-}
-
-// reportStepError must treat a context.Canceled (e.g. a teardown-cancelled read) as an
-// interruption, never a job failure.
-func TestReportStepErrorTreatsCancelAsInterruption(t *testing.T) {
-	rc := &RunContext{}
-
-	// stray read cancellation while the job context is live: ignored, not a failure
-	live := common.WithJobErrorContainer(context.Background())
-	reportStepError(live, rc, context.Canceled)
-	require.NoError(t, common.JobError(live))
-	assert.False(t, rc.jobFailed)
-	assert.False(t, rc.jobCancelled)
-
-	// genuine job cancellation: recorded as cancelled, still not a failure
-	cancelled, cancel := context.WithCancel(common.WithJobErrorContainer(context.Background()))
-	cancel()
-	reportStepError(cancelled, rc, context.Canceled)
-	require.NoError(t, common.JobError(cancelled))
-	assert.False(t, rc.jobFailed)
-	assert.True(t, rc.jobCancelled)
-
-	// a real error still fails the job
-	failed := common.WithJobErrorContainer(context.Background())
-	reportStepError(failed, rc, assert.AnError)
-	require.ErrorIs(t, common.JobError(failed), assert.AnError)
-	assert.True(t, rc.jobFailed)
-}
--- a/act/runner/command.go
+++ b/act/runner/command.go
@@ -48,13 +48,10 @@ func (rc *RunContext) commandHandler(ctx context.Context) common.LineHandler {
 		if resumeCommand != "" && command != resumeCommand {
 			// There should not be any emojis in the log output for Gitea.
 			// The code in the switch statement is the same.
-			// Return true (not false) so the line still reaches the raw_output
-			// log handler; otherwise everything between ::stop-commands:: and
-			// its end token is silently dropped from the step log.
 			logger.Infof("%s", line)
-			return true
+			return false
 		}
-		arg = UnescapeCommandData(arg)
+		arg = unescapeCommandData(arg)
 		kvPairs = unescapeKvPairs(kvPairs)
 		switch command {
 		case "set-env":
@@ -154,25 +151,30 @@ func parseKeyValuePairs(kvPairs, separator string) map[string]string {
 	return rtn
 }

-// A Replacer never rescans what it wrote, so "%250A" stays a literal "%0A".
-var (
-	commandDataEscaper       = strings.NewReplacer("%", "%25", "\r", "%0D", "\n", "%0A")
-	commandDataUnescaper     = strings.NewReplacer("%25", "%", "%0D", "\r", "%0A", "\n")
-	commandPropertyUnescaper = strings.NewReplacer("%25", "%", "%0D", "\r", "%0A", "\n", "%3A", ":", "%2C", ",")
-)
-
-// escapeCommandData encodes the data part of a "::cmd::" or "##[cmd]" line the runner writes itself,
-// so the log renderer decodes it back. Lines forwarded from step output are already escaped.
-func escapeCommandData(arg string) string {
-	return commandDataEscaper.Replace(arg)
-}
-
-func UnescapeCommandData(arg string) string {
-	return commandDataUnescaper.Replace(arg)
+func unescapeCommandData(arg string) string {
+	escapeMap := map[string]string{
+		"%25": "%",
+		"%0D": "\r",
+		"%0A": "\n",
+	}
+	for k, v := range escapeMap {
+		arg = strings.ReplaceAll(arg, k, v)
+	}
+	return arg
 }

 func unescapeCommandProperty(arg string) string {
-	return commandPropertyUnescaper.Replace(arg)
+	escapeMap := map[string]string{
+		"%25": "%",
+		"%0D": "\r",
+		"%0A": "\n",
+		"%3A": ":",
+		"%2C": ",",
+	}
+	for k, v := range escapeMap {
+		arg = strings.ReplaceAll(arg, k, v)
+	}
+	return arg
 }

 func unescapeKvPairs(kvPairs map[string]string) map[string]string {
--- a/act/runner/command_test.go
+++ b/act/runner/command_test.go
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"testing"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"

-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus/hooks/test"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
@@ -28,29 +28,6 @@ func TestSetEnv(t *testing.T) {
 	a.Equal("valz", rc.Env["x"])
 }

-func TestStopCommandsKeepsSuppressedLinesInLog(t *testing.T) {
-	a := assert.New(t)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	rc := new(RunContext)
-	handler := rc.commandHandler(ctx)
-
-	// Stop command processing until the matching end token is seen.
-	a.True(handler("::stop-commands::my-end-token\n"))
-
-	// A command-shaped line while stopped must not be executed (env unchanged),
-	// but must still return true so it reaches the raw_output log handler and is
-	// not dropped from the step log.
-	a.True(handler("::set-env name=x::valz\n"))
-	a.NotContains(rc.Env, "x")
-
-	// The matching end token resumes command processing.
-	a.True(handler("::my-end-token::\n"))
-
-	// Commands are processed again after resuming.
-	a.True(handler("::set-env name=y::valy\n"))
-	a.Equal("valy", rc.Env["y"])
-}
-
 func TestSetOutput(t *testing.T) {
 	a := assert.New(t)
 	ctx := context.Background()
@@ -214,10 +191,3 @@ func TestSaveState(t *testing.T) {

 	assert.Equal(t, "state-value", rc.IntraActionState["step"]["state-name"])
 }
-
-func TestEscapeCommandData(t *testing.T) {
-	a := assert.New(t)
-
-	a.Equal("a%25b%0Dc%0Ad%250A", escapeCommandData("a%b\rc\nd%0A"))
-	a.Equal("a%b\rc\nd%0A", UnescapeCommandData("a%25b%0Dc%0Ad%250A"))
-}
--- a/act/runner/expression.go
+++ b/act/runner/expression.go
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ import (

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/container"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/exprparser"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"

 	_ "embed"

-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/exprparser"
-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
 	"go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
 )

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (rc *RunContext) NewExpressionEvaluatorWithEnv(ctx context.Context, env map
 		for _, needs := range jobNeeds {
 			using[needs] = exprparser.Needs{
 				Outputs: jobs[needs].Outputs,
-				Result:  jobs[needs].NeedsResult(),
+				Result:  jobs[needs].Result,
 			}
 		}

@@ -95,7 +95,9 @@ func (rc *RunContext) NewExpressionEvaluatorWithEnv(ctx context.Context, env map
 		Inputs:    inputs,
 		HashFiles: getHashFilesFunction(ctx, rc),
 	}
-	ee.Runner = rc.getRunnerContext(ctx)
+	if rc.JobContainer != nil {
+		ee.Runner = rc.JobContainer.GetRunnerContext(ctx)
+	}
 	return expressionEvaluator{
 		interpreter: exprparser.NewInterpeter(ee, exprparser.Config{
 			Run:        rc.Run,
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ func (rc *RunContext) NewStepExpressionEvaluator(ctx context.Context, step step)
 	for _, needs := range jobNeeds {
 		using[needs] = exprparser.Needs{
 			Outputs: jobs[needs].Outputs,
-			Result:  jobs[needs].NeedsResult(),
+			Result:  jobs[needs].Result,
 		}
 	}

@@ -147,7 +149,9 @@ func (rc *RunContext) NewStepExpressionEvaluator(ctx context.Context, step step)
 		Inputs:    inputs,
 		HashFiles: getHashFilesFunction(ctx, rc),
 	}
-	ee.Runner = rc.getRunnerContext(ctx)
+	if rc.JobContainer != nil {
+		ee.Runner = rc.JobContainer.GetRunnerContext(ctx)
+	}
 	return expressionEvaluator{
 		interpreter: exprparser.NewInterpeter(ee, exprparser.Config{
 			Run:        rc.Run,
@@ -225,8 +229,7 @@ func (ee expressionEvaluator) evaluate(ctx context.Context, in string, defaultSt
 	logger.Debugf("evaluating expression '%s'", in)
 	evaluated, err := ee.interpreter.Evaluate(in, defaultStatusCheck)

-	// evaluated is an any: %t renders everything but a bool as "%!t(string=...)"
-	printable := regexp.MustCompile(`::add-mask::.*`).ReplaceAllString(fmt.Sprintf("%v", evaluated), "::add-mask::***)")
+	printable := regexp.MustCompile(`::add-mask::.*`).ReplaceAllString(fmt.Sprintf("%t", evaluated), "::add-mask::***)")
 	logger.Debugf("expression '%s' evaluated to '%s'", in, printable)

 	return evaluated, err
@@ -494,7 +497,11 @@ func getEvaluatorInputs(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext, step step, ghc *mod
 				if value == nil {
 					value = v.Default
 				}
-				inputs[k] = coerceInputValue(value, v.Type)
+				if v.Type == "boolean" {
+					inputs[k] = value == "true"
+				} else {
+					inputs[k] = value
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -507,26 +514,17 @@ func getEvaluatorInputs(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext, step step, ghc *mod
 				if value == nil {
 					value = v.Default
 				}
-				inputs[k] = coerceInputValue(value, v.Type)
+				if v.Type == "boolean" {
+					inputs[k] = value == "true"
+				} else {
+					inputs[k] = value
+				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	return inputs
 }

-// coerceInputValue converts an input value to the type declared by the workflow.
-// The event payload carries natively typed JSON values on newer Gitea versions,
-// while defaults and older servers provide strings.
-func coerceInputValue(value any, inputType string) any {
-	if inputType != "boolean" {
-		return value
-	}
-	if b, ok := value.(bool); ok {
-		return b
-	}
-	return value == "true"
-}
-
 func setupWorkflowInputs(ctx context.Context, inputs *map[string]any, rc *RunContext) {
 	if rc.caller != nil {
 		config := rc.Run.Workflow.WorkflowCallConfig()
@@ -550,7 +548,7 @@ func setupWorkflowInputs(ctx context.Context, inputs *map[string]any, rc *RunCon
 				}
 			}

-			(*inputs)[name] = coerceInputValue(value, input.Type)
+			(*inputs)[name] = value
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -564,15 +562,15 @@ func getWorkflowSecrets(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext) map[string]string {
 			secrets = rc.caller.runContext.Config.Secrets
 		}

-		// Interpolate into a new map. secrets may be the shared Config.Secrets (or the job's
-		// map), which other parallel jobs read concurrently (e.g. log masking), so mutating it
-		// in place is a data race.
-		interpolated := make(map[string]string, len(secrets))
-		for k, v := range secrets {
-			interpolated[k] = rc.caller.runContext.ExprEval.Interpolate(ctx, v)
+		if secrets == nil {
+			secrets = map[string]string{}
 		}

-		return interpolated
+		for k, v := range secrets {
+			secrets[k] = rc.caller.runContext.ExprEval.Interpolate(ctx, v)
+		}
+
+		return secrets
 	}

 	return rc.Config.Secrets
--- a/act/runner/expression_test.go
+++ b/act/runner/expression_test.go
@@ -6,13 +6,12 @@ package runner

 import (
 	"context"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"

-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/exprparser"
-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/exprparser"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
+
 	assert "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	yaml "go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
 )

@@ -322,82 +321,3 @@ func TestRewriteSubExpressionForceFormat(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
-
-func TestGetEvaluatorInputsBoolean(t *testing.T) {
-	workflows := map[string]string{
-		"workflow_call": `
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-    inputs:
-      flag:
-        type: boolean
-        default: true
-      name:
-        type: string
-        default: gitea
-`,
-		"workflow_dispatch": `
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      flag:
-        type: boolean
-        default: true
-      name:
-        type: string
-        default: gitea
-`,
-	}
-
-	tables := []struct {
-		name  string
-		event map[string]any
-		flag  any
-	}{
-		{
-			// Gitea >= 1.27 resolves the inputs server-side and sends native JSON types
-			name:  "native bool true",
-			event: map[string]any{"inputs": map[string]any{"flag": true}},
-			flag:  true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:  "native bool false",
-			event: map[string]any{"inputs": map[string]any{"flag": false}},
-			flag:  false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:  "string true",
-			event: map[string]any{"inputs": map[string]any{"flag": "true"}},
-			flag:  true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:  "string false",
-			event: map[string]any{"inputs": map[string]any{"flag": "false"}},
-			flag:  false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:  "default is used when the event carries no inputs",
-			event: map[string]any{},
-			flag:  true,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for eventName, workflow := range workflows {
-		for _, table := range tables {
-			t.Run(eventName+"/"+table.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-				wf, err := model.ReadWorkflow(strings.NewReader(workflow))
-				require.NoError(t, err)
-
-				rc := &RunContext{
-					Config: &Config{Workdir: "."},
-					Run:    &model.Run{JobID: "job1", Workflow: wf},
-				}
-				ghc := &model.GithubContext{EventName: eventName, Event: table.event}
-
-				inputs := getEvaluatorInputs(context.Background(), rc, nil, ghc)
-				assert.Equal(t, table.flag, inputs["flag"])
-				assert.Equal(t, "gitea", inputs["name"])
-			})
-		}
-	}
-}
--- a/act/runner/helpers_test.go
+++ b/act/runner/helpers_test.go
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package runner
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"os/exec"
-	"runtime"
-	"testing"
-
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/container"
-
-	mobyclient "github.com/moby/moby/client"
-)
-
-// requireLinuxDocker skips on non-Linux hosts. Some integration workflows need Docker features
-// that only a Linux daemon provides (host networking, host /proc bind mounts); Docker Desktop
-// on macOS/Windows does not, so those tests can only run on Linux.
-func requireLinuxDocker(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Helper()
-	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
-		t.Skip("skipping: requires a Linux Docker host")
-	}
-}
-
-// requireDocker skips the test unless a reachable docker daemon is available.
-// GetDockerClient succeeds even without a running daemon (its ping is best-effort),
-// so the daemon has to be pinged explicitly here to decide whether to skip.
-func requireDocker(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Helper()
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	cli, err := container.GetDockerClient(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("skipping: docker client unavailable: %v", err)
-	}
-	defer cli.Close()
-	if _, err := cli.Ping(ctx, mobyclient.PingOptions{}); err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("skipping: docker daemon unreachable: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-// requireHostTools skips the test unless every named executable is on PATH. Used by the
-// self-hosted (host environment) suite, which runs steps directly on the host.
-func requireHostTools(t *testing.T, tools ...string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	for _, tool := range tools {
-		if _, err := exec.LookPath(tool); err != nil {
-			t.Skipf("skipping: required host tool %q not found: %v", tool, err)
-		}
-	}
-}
--- a/act/runner/job_executor.go
+++ b/act/runner/job_executor.go
@@ -5,47 +5,13 @@
 package runner

 import (
-	"archive/tar"
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"encoding/base64"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"path"
-	"slices"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 	"time"
-	"unicode"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/container"
-
-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/exprparser"
-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
-)
-
-const maxJobSummaryBytes = 1024 * 1024
-
-// jobSummaryTruncationMarker is appended to a summary that exceeded the size limit
-// so the rendered output makes the truncation visible instead of silently cutting off.
-const jobSummaryTruncationMarker = "\n\n---\n\n*Job summary truncated: it exceeded the maximum allowed size.*\n"
-
-var (
-	jobSummaryUploadRetryDelay = time.Second
-	// jobSummaryUploadRequestTimeout bounds a single step upload request. It is kept
-	// below jobSummaryUploadPhaseTimeout so one slow or unreachable request times out
-	// and lets the remaining steps still upload within the phase budget, instead of a
-	// single stuck request consuming the whole phase.
-	jobSummaryUploadRequestTimeout = 5 * time.Second
-	// jobSummaryUploadPhaseTimeout bounds the total time spent uploading all step
-	// summaries. The uploads run inside the job cleanup budget that is also used to
-	// stop and remove the container, so a slow or unreachable endpoint must not be
-	// allowed to consume it; this keeps the remaining budget available for teardown.
-	jobSummaryUploadPhaseTimeout = 15 * time.Second
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
 )

 type jobInfo interface {
@@ -58,82 +24,18 @@ type jobInfo interface {
 	result(result string)
 }

-// reportStepError records a step error so the job is reported failed — except a
-// cancellation, which is an interruption, not a failure.
-func reportStepError(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext, err error) {
-	if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
-		// Defer to the job context: a genuine cancel reports cancelled, a stray teardown
-		// cancellation on a live ctx is ignored — never a step FAILURE.
-		rc.markInterrupted(ctx.Err())
-		return
-	}
-	common.Logger(ctx).Errorf("##[error]%s", escapeCommandData(err.Error()))
+// reportStepError emits the GitHub Actions ##[error] annotation and records
+// the error against the job so the job is reported as failed.
+func reportStepError(ctx context.Context, err error) {
+	common.Logger(ctx).Errorf("##[error]%v", err)
 	common.SetJobError(ctx, err)
-	rc.markFailed()
-}
-
-// actionPreparer is implemented by steps that download an action before they run, so the job
-// executor can fetch all of them up front.
-type actionPreparer interface {
-	prepareActionExecutor() common.Executor
-	actionDownloadInfo() (reference, sha string, ok bool)
-}
-
-// printPrepareActions downloads every action the job uses before its first step runs and reports
-// them as actions/runner's "Prepare all required actions" section does. The steps still call
-// prepareActionExecutor themselves; it is a no-op once the action is resolved here.
-func printPrepareActions(rc *RunContext, preparers []actionPreparer) common.Executor {
-	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		if len(preparers) == 0 {
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		rawLogger := common.Logger(ctx).WithField(rawOutputField, true)
-		rawLogger.Infof("Prepare all required actions")
-
-		for _, preparer := range preparers {
-			if err := preparer.prepareActionExecutor()(ctx); err != nil {
-				// No step has run yet, so the failure belongs to the job.
-				reportStepError(ctx, rc, err)
-				return err
-			}
-			reference, sha, ok := preparer.actionDownloadInfo()
-			if !ok {
-				continue
-			}
-			if sha == "" {
-				rawLogger.Infof("Download action repository '%s'", reference)
-			} else {
-				rawLogger.Infof("Download action repository '%s' (SHA:%s)", reference, sha)
-			}
-		}
-		return nil
-	}
-}
-
-// printCompleteJobName closes the setup section the way actions/runner ends its "Set up job" step.
-func printCompleteJobName(rc *RunContext) common.Executor {
-	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		// Name holds a matrix combination; JobName is the shared name GitHub reports.
-		name := rc.JobName
-		if name == "" {
-			name = rc.Name
-		}
-		if name == "" && rc.Run != nil {
-			name = rc.Run.JobID
-		}
-		common.Logger(ctx).WithField(rawOutputField, true).Infof("Complete job name: %s", name)
-		return nil
-	}
 }

 func newJobExecutor(info jobInfo, sf stepFactory, rc *RunContext) common.Executor {
 	steps := make([]common.Executor, 0)
 	preSteps := make([]common.Executor, 0)
-	// Collected separately: every action is downloaded before the first pre step runs.
-	stepPreSteps := make([]common.Executor, 0)
-	preparers := make([]actionPreparer, 0)
 	var postExecutor common.Executor
+	var startErr error

 	steps = append(steps, func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
@@ -179,43 +81,35 @@ func newJobExecutor(info jobInfo, sf stepFactory, rc *RunContext) common.Executo
 			return common.NewErrorExecutor(err)
 		}

-		if preparer, ok := step.(actionPreparer); ok {
-			preparers = append(preparers, preparer)
-		}
-
-		stepIdx := stepModel.Number
 		preExec := step.pre()
-		stepPreSteps = append(stepPreSteps, useStepLogger(rc, stepModel, stepStagePre, func(ctx context.Context) error {
-			rc.CurrentStepIndex = stepIdx
+		preSteps = append(preSteps, useStepLogger(rc, stepModel, stepStagePre, func(ctx context.Context) error {
 			preErr := preExec(ctx)
 			if preErr != nil {
-				reportStepError(ctx, rc, preErr)
+				reportStepError(ctx, preErr)
 			} else if ctx.Err() != nil {
-				reportStepError(ctx, rc, ctx.Err())
+				reportStepError(ctx, ctx.Err())
 			}
 			return preErr
 		}))

 		stepExec := step.main()
 		steps = append(steps, useStepLogger(rc, stepModel, stepStageMain, func(ctx context.Context) error {
-			rc.CurrentStepIndex = stepIdx
 			err := stepExec(ctx)
 			if err != nil {
-				reportStepError(ctx, rc, err)
+				reportStepError(ctx, err)
 			} else if ctx.Err() != nil {
-				reportStepError(ctx, rc, ctx.Err())
+				reportStepError(ctx, ctx.Err())
 			}
 			return nil
 		}))

 		postFn := step.post()
 		postExec := useStepLogger(rc, stepModel, stepStagePost, func(ctx context.Context) error {
-			rc.CurrentStepIndex = stepIdx
 			err := postFn(ctx)
 			if err != nil {
-				reportStepError(ctx, rc, err)
+				reportStepError(ctx, err)
 			} else if ctx.Err() != nil {
-				reportStepError(ctx, rc, ctx.Err())
+				reportStepError(ctx, ctx.Err())
 			}
 			return err
 		})
@@ -227,31 +121,15 @@ func newJobExecutor(info jobInfo, sf stepFactory, rc *RunContext) common.Executo
 		}
 	}

-	// The setup section of the job log. The started hook goes first, so what it sets up is
-	// in place for the first action download and the first step.
-	preSteps = append(preSteps, rc.runJobStartedHook)
-	preSteps = append(preSteps, printPrepareActions(rc, preparers))
-	preSteps = append(preSteps, stepPreSteps...)
-	preSteps = append(preSteps, printCompleteJobName(rc))
-
-	// Ahead of the teardown below, while the job environment is still up.
-	postExecutor = postExecutor.Finally(rc.runJobCompletedHook)
-
 	postExecutor = postExecutor.Finally(func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		jobError := common.JobError(ctx)
 		var err error
-		// jobError == nil keeps a failed job's container alive for post-mortem debugging when
-		// AutoRemove is off (the act-CLI --rm behavior; the shipped runner always sets
-		// AutoRemove). A cancelled run is not a failure to inspect, and the cancel-path post
-		// context now carries its own error container so a failing post step makes jobError
-		// non-nil — OR in rc.jobCancelled so cancellation still always tears the container down.
-		if rc.Config.AutoRemove || jobError == nil || rc.jobCancelled {
+		if rc.Config.AutoRemove || jobError == nil {
 			// always allow 1 min for stopping and removing the runner, even if we were cancelled
 			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(common.WithLogger(context.Background(), common.Logger(ctx)), time.Minute)
 			defer cancel()

 			logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-			tryUploadJobSummary(ctx, rc)
 			// For Gitea
 			// We don't need to call `stopServiceContainers` here since it will be called by following `info.stopContainer`
 			// logger.Infof("Cleaning up services for job %s", rc.JobName)
@@ -284,136 +162,60 @@ func newJobExecutor(info jobInfo, sf stepFactory, rc *RunContext) common.Executo
 		return err
 	})

-	stepsExecutor := newStepsExecutor(rc, preSteps, steps)
+	pipeline := make([]common.Executor, 0)
+	pipeline = append(pipeline, preSteps...)
+	pipeline = append(pipeline, steps...)

-	return common.NewPipelineExecutor(info.startContainer(), stepsExecutor.
+	startContainer := func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		startErr = info.startContainer()(ctx)
+		return startErr
+	}
+
+	return common.NewPipelineExecutor(startContainer, common.NewPipelineExecutor(pipeline...).
 		Finally(func(ctx context.Context) error {
-			// Record an interrupt (backstop for interrupts that land outside the main
-			// step loop) so the post steps observe the cancelled/failed job status.
-			rc.markInterrupted(ctx.Err())
-			postCtx, cancel := postStepsContext(ctx)
+			var cancel context.CancelFunc
+			if ctx.Err() == context.Canceled {
+				// in case of an aborted run, we still should execute the
+				// post steps to allow cleanup.
+				ctx, cancel = context.WithTimeout(common.WithLogger(context.Background(), common.Logger(ctx)), 5*time.Minute)
 				defer cancel()
-			return postExecutor(postCtx)
+			}
+			return postExecutor(ctx)
 		}).
-		Finally(info.interpolateOutputs()).
-		Finally(info.closeContainer()))
-}
-
-// postStepsContext derives the context used to run the job's post/cleanup steps from the
-// finished main-pipeline context. Cleanup has to run even when the run was interrupted, so the
-// returned context always carries a fresh bounded deadline and is never itself cancelled.
-//
-//   - context.Canceled (server cancel): detach from the cancelled context via a fresh root so
-//     the post steps can run.
-//   - context.DeadlineExceeded (job timeout): detach the deadline with WithoutCancel, which
-//     keeps the original values — including the job-error container — so the timeout failure and
-//     any post-step error are preserved and the job is still reported as failed.
-//   - otherwise: run on the live context unchanged.
-func postStepsContext(ctx context.Context) (context.Context, context.CancelFunc) {
-	switch ctx.Err() {
-	case context.Canceled:
-		// The cancelled context is abandoned for a fresh root, which drops the job-error
-		// container installed at the job root. Re-attach a fresh one so a failing post step
-		// records its error via SetJobError instead of panicking on a nil container.
-		return context.WithTimeout(common.WithJobErrorContainer(common.WithLogger(context.Background(), common.Logger(ctx))), 5*time.Minute)
-	case context.DeadlineExceeded:
-		return context.WithTimeout(context.WithoutCancel(ctx), 5*time.Minute)
-	default:
-		return ctx, func() {}
-	}
-}
-
-// newStepsExecutor sequences the job's pre steps and main steps.
-//
-// The pre steps run as a normal pipeline that short-circuits on the first failure or
-// cancellation. The main-steps executor then runs unconditionally — even if a pre step failed
-// or the job was interrupted — so always()/cancelled()/failure() main steps still run, mirroring
-// GitHub Actions. This is safe because each main step re-evaluates its own `if` (a pre-step
-// failure flips the expression job status to failure, so success()-default steps skip) and
-// newMainStepsExecutor detaches from an interrupted context before running the remaining steps.
-//
-// A pre-step failure or interrupt is still propagated so the job is reported with the correct
-// conclusion; the pre error takes precedence since it happened first.
-func newStepsExecutor(rc *RunContext, preSteps, steps []common.Executor) common.Executor {
-	preExecutor := common.NewPipelineExecutor(preSteps...)
-	mainExecutor := newMainStepsExecutor(rc, steps)
-	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		preErr := preExecutor(ctx)
-		mainErr := mainExecutor(ctx)
-		if preErr != nil {
-			return preErr
-		}
-		return mainErr
-	}
-}
-
-// newMainStepsExecutor runs the job's main-stage step executors in order. Unlike a plain
-// pipeline, an interruption (context.Canceled from a server cancel, or context.DeadlineExceeded
-// from the job timeout) does not abandon the remaining steps: it marks the job cancelled when
-// appropriate and keeps iterating under a fresh, bounded context so steps whose `if` still
-// evaluates true — always() and cancelled() — run for cleanup, mirroring GitHub Actions. Steps
-// that default to success() skip themselves because success() is false once the job is no longer
-// successful. The main-step wrappers report their own errors and return nil, so the loop drives
-// step ordering off the context, not return values.
-func newMainStepsExecutor(rc *RunContext, steps []common.Executor) common.Executor {
-	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		for i, step := range steps {
-			if ctx.Err() != nil {
-				return runMainStepsAfterInterrupt(ctx, rc, steps[i:])
-			}
-			_ = step(ctx)
-		}
-		// An interrupt can land during the final step, after the loop's last context
-		// check; record it so the post steps still observe the cancelled/failed status.
-		rc.markInterrupted(ctx.Err())
+		Finally(info.interpolateOutputs())).
+		Finally(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+			if startErr == nil {
 				return nil
 			}
-}

-// runMainStepsAfterInterrupt runs the remaining main steps after the job context was cancelled or
-// timed out. It detaches from the interrupted context (keeping its values: logger and job error)
-// and applies a fresh deadline so always()/cancelled() steps run to completion. The original
-// interrupt error is returned so callers up the chain still see the job as cancelled/timed out.
-func runMainStepsAfterInterrupt(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext, steps []common.Executor) error {
-	interruptErr := ctx.Err()
-	rc.markInterrupted(interruptErr)
-	freshCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.WithoutCancel(ctx), 5*time.Minute)
+			cleanupCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(common.WithLogger(context.Background(), common.Logger(ctx)), time.Minute)
 			defer cancel()
-	for _, step := range steps {
-		_ = step(freshCtx)
+
+			logger := common.Logger(cleanupCtx)
+			logger.Infof("Cleaning up container for failed startup of job %s", rc.JobName)
+			if err := info.stopContainer()(cleanupCtx); err != nil {
+				logger.Errorf("Error while cleaning up failed job startup: %v", err)
 			}
-	return interruptErr
+			return nil
+		}).
+		Finally(info.closeContainer())
 }

 func setJobResult(ctx context.Context, info jobInfo, rc *RunContext, success bool) {
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)

-	// Matrix combinations share one *model.Job and run in parallel; serialize the
-	// read-modify-write of the job result so a failing combination is not lost-updated by a
-	// concurrent succeeding one.
-	job := rc.Run.Job()
-	var continueOnError bool
-	if !success {
-		// Use a fresh context so an expired job timeout cannot block expression evaluation.
-		evalCtx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), common.Logger(ctx))
-		continueOnError = evaluateJobContinueOnError(evalCtx, rc, job)
-	}
-	jobResult := func() string {
-		defer lockJob(job)()
-		result := "success"
+	jobResult := "success"
 	// we have only one result for a whole matrix build, so we need
 	// to keep an existing result state if we run a matrix
-		if len(info.matrix()) > 0 && job.Result != "" {
-			result = job.Result
+	if len(info.matrix()) > 0 && rc.Run.Job().Result != "" {
+		jobResult = rc.Run.Job().Result
 	}
-		if !success {
-			result = "failure"
-			job.SetContinueOnError(continueOnError)
-		}
-		info.result(result)
-		return result
-	}()

+	if !success {
+		jobResult = "failure"
+	}
+
+	info.result(jobResult)
 	if rc.caller != nil {
 		// set reusable workflow job result
 		rc.caller.setReusedWorkflowJobResult(rc.JobName, jobResult) // For Gitea
@@ -439,214 +241,10 @@ func setJobOutputs(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext) {
 			callerOutputs[k] = ee.Interpolate(ctx, ee.Interpolate(ctx, v.Value))
 		}

-		// Matrix combinations of a reusable-workflow caller share the caller's *model.Job;
-		// serialize the write so parallel combos don't race on its Outputs field.
-		callerJob := rc.caller.runContext.Run.Job()
-		defer lockJob(callerJob)()
-		callerJob.Outputs = callerOutputs
+		rc.caller.runContext.Run.Job().Outputs = callerOutputs
 	}
 }

-// applyJobTimeout applies the job-level timeout-minutes to ctx, mirroring the
-// step-level evaluateStepTimeout in step.go.
-func applyJobTimeout(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext, job *model.Job) (context.Context, context.CancelFunc) {
-	timeout := rc.ExprEval.Interpolate(ctx, job.TimeoutMinutes)
-	if timeout != "" {
-		if timeoutMinutes, err := strconv.ParseInt(timeout, 10, 64); err == nil {
-			return context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Duration(timeoutMinutes)*time.Minute)
-		}
-	}
-	return ctx, func() {}
-}
-
-// evaluateJobContinueOnError evaluates the job-level continue-on-error expression.
-func evaluateJobContinueOnError(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext, job *model.Job) bool {
-	expr := strings.TrimSpace(job.RawContinueOnError)
-	if expr == "" {
-		return false
-	}
-	continueOnError, err := EvalBool(ctx, rc.NewExpressionEvaluator(ctx), expr, exprparser.DefaultStatusCheckNone)
-	if err != nil {
-		common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("continue-on-error expression %q evaluation failed: %v", expr, err)
-		return false
-	}
-	return continueOnError
-}
-
-func tryUploadJobSummary(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext) {
-	if rc == nil || rc.JobContainer == nil || rc.Config == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	// Bound the whole upload phase so a slow or unreachable endpoint cannot consume
-	// the job cleanup budget reserved for stopping and removing the container.
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, jobSummaryUploadPhaseTimeout)
-	defer cancel()
-	env := rc.GetEnv()
-	caps := strings.TrimSpace(env["GITEA_ACTIONS_CAPABILITIES"])
-	if !hasJobSummaryCapability(caps) {
-		// Server did not advertise support. Do not attempt upload.
-		return
-	}
-	runtimeURL := strings.TrimSpace(env["ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL"])
-	runtimeToken := strings.TrimSpace(env["ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN"])
-	runID := strings.TrimSpace(env["GITEA_RUN_ID"])
-	if runtimeURL == "" || runtimeToken == "" || runID == "" {
-		return
-	}
-	if rc.Run == nil || rc.Run.Job() == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	// The numeric ActionRunJob ID is not exposed in the proto Task message or task context,
-	// but the server signs it into the ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN JWT claims. We decode the
-	// unverified claims to retrieve it; the server re-verifies the token on the request.
-	jobID := extractJobIDFromRuntimeToken(runtimeToken)
-	if jobID <= 0 {
-		return
-	}
-
-	base := strings.TrimRight(runtimeURL, "/") + "/_apis/pipelines/workflows/" + runID +
-		"/jobs/" + strconv.FormatInt(jobID, 10) + "/steps/"
-	actPath := rc.JobContainer.GetActPath()
-	// Reuse a single client across all step uploads so connections can be pooled.
-	client := &http.Client{Timeout: jobSummaryUploadRequestTimeout}
-	for i := range rc.Run.Job().Steps {
-		summaryPath := path.Join(actPath, "workflow", "step-summary-"+strconv.Itoa(i)+".md")
-		body, ok := readSingleFileFromContainerArchive(ctx, rc.JobContainer, summaryPath, maxJobSummaryBytes)
-		if !ok || len(body) == 0 {
-			continue
-		}
-		uploadJobSummary(ctx, client, base+strconv.Itoa(i)+"/summary", runtimeToken, body)
-	}
-}
-
-// extractJobIDFromRuntimeToken returns the JobID claim from an ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN JWT
-// without verifying its signature. Returns 0 if the token is unparseable or has no JobID.
-func extractJobIDFromRuntimeToken(token string) int64 {
-	parts := strings.Split(token, ".")
-	if len(parts) != 3 {
-		return 0
-	}
-	payload, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(parts[1])
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0
-	}
-	var claims struct {
-		JobID int64 `json:"JobID"`
-	}
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(payload, &claims); err != nil {
-		return 0
-	}
-	return claims.JobID
-}
-
-func hasJobSummaryCapability(caps string) bool {
-	return slices.Contains(strings.FieldsFunc(caps, func(r rune) bool {
-		return r == ',' || unicode.IsSpace(r)
-	}), "job-summary")
-}
-
-func uploadJobSummary(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, url, runtimeToken string, body []byte) {
-	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-
-	var lastStatus int
-	var lastErr error
-	for attempt := 0; attempt < 2; attempt++ {
-		status, err := putJobSummary(ctx, client, url, runtimeToken, body)
-		if err == nil && status/100 == 2 {
-			return
-		}
-		lastStatus = status
-		lastErr = err
-		if attempt == 1 || !isTransientJobSummaryUploadFailure(status, err) {
-			break
-		}
-		timer := time.NewTimer(jobSummaryUploadRetryDelay)
-		select {
-		case <-ctx.Done():
-			timer.Stop()
-			lastErr = ctx.Err()
-			attempt = 1
-		case <-timer.C:
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Best-effort only; do not fail job, but log because capability was advertised.
-	if lastErr != nil {
-		logger.WithError(lastErr).Warn("job summary upload failed")
-		return
-	}
-	logger.Warnf("job summary upload failed: status=%d", lastStatus)
-}
-
-func putJobSummary(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, url, runtimeToken string, body []byte) (int, error) {
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPut, url, bytes.NewReader(body))
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+runtimeToken)
-	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "text/markdown; charset=utf-8")
-
-	resp, err := client.Do(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-	_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, resp.Body)
-	return resp.StatusCode, nil
-}
-
-func isTransientJobSummaryUploadFailure(status int, err error) bool {
-	return err != nil || status == http.StatusRequestTimeout || status == http.StatusTooManyRequests || status/100 == 5
-}
-
-func readSingleFileFromContainerArchive(ctx context.Context, env container.ExecutionsEnvironment, p string, maxBytes int64) ([]byte, bool) {
-	rc, err := env.GetContainerArchive(ctx, p)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, false
-	}
-	defer rc.Close()
-
-	tr := tar.NewReader(rc)
-	for {
-		header, err := tr.Next()
-		if err == io.EOF {
-			return nil, false
-		}
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, false
-		}
-		if header.Typeflag != tar.TypeReg {
-			continue
-		}
-		if !archiveEntryMatchesPath(header.Name, p) {
-			continue
-		}
-		// Summaries larger than the limit are truncated rather than dropped, so the
-		// user still gets the leading content (mirroring how GitHub caps oversized
-		// step summaries instead of discarding them). Read one extra byte so an
-		// over-limit file is detected from the actual stream rather than trusting
-		// header.Size, then cap the returned content at maxBytes.
-		b, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(tr, maxBytes+1))
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, false
-		}
-		if int64(len(b)) > maxBytes {
-			// Reserve room for the marker so the marked-up result still fits in maxBytes.
-			marker := []byte(jobSummaryTruncationMarker)
-			keep := max(maxBytes-int64(len(marker)), 0)
-			b = append(b[:keep], marker...)
-			common.Logger(ctx).Warnf("job summary truncated: path=%s max=%d", p, maxBytes)
-		}
-		return b, true
-	}
-}
-
-func archiveEntryMatchesPath(entryName, requestedPath string) bool {
-	entryName = path.Clean(strings.TrimPrefix(entryName, "/"))
-	requestedPath = path.Clean(strings.TrimPrefix(requestedPath, "/"))
-	return entryName == requestedPath || entryName == path.Base(requestedPath)
-}
-
 func useStepLogger(rc *RunContext, stepModel *model.Step, stage stepStage, executor common.Executor) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		ctx = withStepLogger(ctx, stepModel.Number, stepModel.ID, rc.ExprEval.Interpolate(ctx, stepModel.String()), stage.String())
@@ -664,11 +262,6 @@ func useStepLogger(rc *RunContext, stepModel *model.Step, stage stepStage, execu
 		oldout, olderr := rc.JobContainer.ReplaceLogWriter(logWriter, logWriter)
 		defer rc.JobContainer.ReplaceLogWriter(oldout, olderr)

-		// Flush any buffered, not-yet-newline-terminated trailing line once the
-		// step has finished, so the final line of the step's output is not lost
-		// when it is not newline-terminated.
-		defer common.FlushWriter(logWriter)
-
 		return executor(ctx)
 	}
 }
--- a/act/runner/job_executor_test.go
+++ b/act/runner/job_executor_test.go
@@ -5,49 +5,41 @@
 package runner

 import (
-	"archive/tar"
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"encoding/base64"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"net/http/httptest"
 	"slices"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"
-	"time"

 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/container"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"

-	"gitea.dev/actions-proto-go/pkg/model"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	logrustest "github.com/sirupsen/logrus/hooks/test"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-	yaml "go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
 )

 func TestJobExecutor(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-	// Dryrun only checks syntax/planning; all cases resolve locally, so this runs offline.
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	tables := []TestJobFileInfo{
 		{workdir, "uses-and-run-in-one-step", "push", "Invalid run/uses syntax for job:test step:Test", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "uses-github-empty", "push", "Expected format {org}/{repo}[/path]@ref", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "uses-github-noref", "push", "Expected format {org}/{repo}[/path]@ref", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "uses-github-root", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "uses-github-path", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "uses-docker-url", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "uses-github-full-sha", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "uses-github-short-sha", "push", "Unable to resolve action `actions/hello-world-docker-action@b136eb8`, the provided ref `b136eb8` is the shortened version of a commit SHA, which is not supported. Please use the full commit SHA `b136eb8894c5cb1dd5807da824be97ccdf9b5423` instead", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "job-nil-step", "push", "invalid Step 0: missing run or uses key", platforms, secrets},
 	}
 	// These tests are sufficient to only check syntax.
 	ctx := common.WithDryrun(context.Background(), true)
 	for _, table := range tables {
 		t.Run(table.workflowPath, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
 			table.runTest(ctx, t, &Config{})
 		})
 	}
@@ -114,182 +106,6 @@ func (sfm *stepFactoryMock) newStep(model *model.Step, rc *RunContext) (step, er
 	return args.Get(0).(step), args.Error(1)
 }

-// actionPreparerMock stands in for a step whose action is downloaded before the job's first step.
-type actionPreparerMock struct {
-	reference string
-	sha       string
-	ok        bool
-	err       error
-	prepared  int
-}
-
-func (apm *actionPreparerMock) prepareActionExecutor() common.Executor {
-	return func(context.Context) error {
-		apm.prepared++
-		return apm.err
-	}
-}
-
-func (apm *actionPreparerMock) actionDownloadInfo() (string, string, bool) {
-	return apm.reference, apm.sha, apm.ok
-}
-
-func TestPrintPrepareActionsGolden(t *testing.T) {
-	buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
-	logger := log.New()
-	logger.SetOutput(buf)
-	logger.SetLevel(log.InfoLevel)
-	logger.SetFormatter(&jobLogFormatter{color: cyan})
-	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger.WithFields(log.Fields{"job": "j1"}))
-
-	preparers := []actionPreparer{
-		&actionPreparerMock{reference: "actions/checkout@v7", sha: "9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0", ok: true},
-		// A resolved commit is best effort; the ref alone is reported when it is unknown.
-		&actionPreparerMock{reference: "actions/setup-go@v6", ok: true},
-		// A step that downloads nothing, such as the checkout of the workflow's own repository.
-		&actionPreparerMock{ok: false},
-	}
-	require.NoError(t, printPrepareActions(&RunContext{}, preparers)(ctx))
-
-	want := strings.Join([]string{
-		"[j1]   | Prepare all required actions",
-		"[j1]   | Download action repository 'actions/checkout@v7' (SHA:9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0)",
-		"[j1]   | Download action repository 'actions/setup-go@v6'",
-		"",
-	}, "\n")
-	assert.Equal(t, want, buf.String())
-}
-
-func TestPrintPrepareActionsSkipsWithoutActions(t *testing.T) {
-	buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
-	logger := log.New()
-	logger.SetOutput(buf)
-	logger.SetFormatter(&jobLogFormatter{color: cyan})
-	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger.WithFields(log.Fields{"job": "j1"}))
-
-	require.NoError(t, printPrepareActions(&RunContext{}, nil)(ctx))
-
-	assert.Empty(t, buf.String())
-}
-
-func TestPrintPrepareActionsFailsJobOnDownloadError(t *testing.T) {
-	logger, _ := logrustest.NewNullLogger()
-	ctx := common.WithJobErrorContainer(common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger.WithField("job", "j1")))
-
-	downloadErr := errors.New("failed to fetch \"actions/checkout\"")
-	rc := &RunContext{}
-	remaining := &actionPreparerMock{reference: "actions/setup-go@v6", ok: true}
-
-	err := printPrepareActions(rc, []actionPreparer{
-		&actionPreparerMock{err: downloadErr},
-		remaining,
-	})(ctx)
-
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, downloadErr)
-	// No step has run yet, so the failure has to be recorded against the job itself.
-	assert.Equal(t, downloadErr, common.JobError(ctx))
-	assert.True(t, rc.jobFailed)
-	assert.Zero(t, remaining.prepared)
-}
-
-func TestPrintCompleteJobName(t *testing.T) {
-	for name, tt := range map[string]struct {
-		rc   *RunContext
-		want string
-	}{
-		"job name":            {rc: &RunContext{JobName: "lint", Name: "lint-1"}, want: "lint"},
-		"falls back to name":  {rc: &RunContext{Name: "lint-1"}, want: "lint-1"},
-		"falls back to jobID": {rc: &RunContext{Run: &model.Run{JobID: "lint"}}, want: "lint"},
-	} {
-		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
-			logger := log.New()
-			logger.SetOutput(buf)
-			logger.SetFormatter(&jobLogFormatter{color: cyan})
-			ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger.WithFields(log.Fields{"job": "j1"}))
-
-			require.NoError(t, printCompleteJobName(tt.rc)(ctx))
-
-			assert.Equal(t, "[j1]   | Complete job name: "+tt.want+"\n", buf.String())
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-// actionStepMock is a step whose action has to be downloaded before it can run.
-type actionStepMock struct {
-	*stepMock
-	*actionPreparerMock
-}
-
-// TestNewJobExecutorDownloadsAllActionsBeforeTheFirstStep pins the shape of the setup section:
-// every action is downloaded before any step runs, and the job name closes the section. A pre
-// step that downloaded its own action would leave the log interleaved with the downloads.
-func TestNewJobExecutorDownloadsAllActionsBeforeTheFirstStep(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := common.WithJobErrorContainer(context.Background())
-	jim := &jobInfoMock{}
-	sfm := &stepFactoryMock{}
-	rc := &RunContext{
-		JobContainer: &jobContainerMock{},
-		Run: &model.Run{
-			JobID: "test",
-			Workflow: &model.Workflow{
-				Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{"test": {}},
-			},
-		},
-		Config: &Config{},
-	}
-	rc.ExprEval = rc.NewExpressionEvaluator(ctx)
-
-	steps := []*model.Step{{ID: "1"}, {ID: "2"}}
-	executorOrder := make([]string, 0)
-
-	jim.On("steps").Return(steps)
-	jim.On("matrix").Return(map[string]any{})
-	jim.On("startContainer").Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-	jim.On("stopContainer").Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-	jim.On("closeContainer").Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-	jim.On("interpolateOutputs").Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-	jim.On("result", "success")
-
-	for _, stepModel := range steps {
-		sm := &stepMock{}
-		apm := &actionPreparerMock{reference: "actions/checkout@v" + stepModel.ID, ok: true}
-		sfm.On("newStep", stepModel, rc).Return(&actionStepMock{stepMock: sm, actionPreparerMock: apm}, nil)
-
-		sm.On("pre").Return(func(context.Context) error {
-			executorOrder = append(executorOrder, "pre"+stepModel.ID)
-			return nil
-		})
-		sm.On("main").Return(func(context.Context) error {
-			executorOrder = append(executorOrder, "step"+stepModel.ID)
-			return nil
-		})
-		sm.On("post").Return(func(context.Context) error { return nil })
-
-		defer sm.AssertExpectations(t)
-	}
-
-	logger, hook := logrustest.NewNullLogger()
-	err := newJobExecutor(jim, sfm, rc)(common.WithLogger(ctx, logger.WithField("job", "test")))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"pre1", "pre2", "step1", "step2"}, executorOrder)
-
-	setup := make([]string, 0)
-	for _, entry := range hook.AllEntries() {
-		if strings.HasPrefix(entry.Message, "Prepare all required actions") || strings.HasPrefix(entry.Message, "Download action") ||
-			strings.HasPrefix(entry.Message, "Complete job name") {
-			setup = append(setup, entry.Message)
-		}
-	}
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{
-		"Prepare all required actions",
-		"Download action repository 'actions/checkout@v1'",
-		"Download action repository 'actions/checkout@v2'",
-		"Complete job name: test",
-	}, setup)
-}
-
 func TestNewJobExecutor(t *testing.T) {
 	table := []struct {
 		name          string
@@ -527,22 +343,12 @@ func TestNewJobExecutor(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

-// TestNewJobExecutorRunsPostStepsAfterTimeout guards the timeout-minutes cleanup
-// path: when a job exceeds its timeout the job context is DeadlineExceeded, but
-// the post steps (cleanup hooks like actions/checkout post and cache save) must
-// still run against a fresh, non-expired context, and the job must still be
-// reported as failed.
-func TestNewJobExecutorRunsPostStepsAfterTimeout(t *testing.T) {
+func TestNewJobExecutorCleansUpAfterStartContainerFailure(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := common.WithJobErrorContainer(context.Background())
-	// The timeout is generous so the main step (which blocks on ctx.Done below) is
-	// always reached before the deadline fires; otherwise the pipeline would
-	// short-circuit before the step runs and the job error would never be set.
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 200*time.Millisecond)
-	defer cancel()
-
 	jim := &jobInfoMock{}
 	sfm := &stepFactoryMock{}
 	rc := &RunContext{
+		JobName:      "test",
 		JobContainer: &jobContainerMock{},
 		Run: &model.Run{
 			JobID: "test",
@@ -556,529 +362,44 @@ func TestNewJobExecutorRunsPostStepsAfterTimeout(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	rc.ExprEval = rc.NewExpressionEvaluator(ctx)

+	executorOrder := make([]string, 0)
+	startErr := errors.New("failed to start container")
 	stepModel := &model.Step{ID: "1"}
-	jim.On("steps").Return([]*model.Step{stepModel})
-	jim.On("matrix").Return(map[string]any{})
-	jim.On("startContainer").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error { return nil })
-	jim.On("interpolateOutputs").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error { return nil })
-	jim.On("closeContainer").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error { return nil })
-	// The job timed out, so it must be reported as failed. stopContainer is left
-	// unexpected on purpose: a timed-out (failed) job preserves its error state, so
-	// the graceful stop is skipped exactly like any other failure without AutoRemove.
-	jim.On("result", "failure")
-
 	sm := &stepMock{}
-	sfm.On("newStep", stepModel, rc).Return(sm, nil)
-	sm.On("pre").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error { return nil })
-	// The main step runs past the job timeout: it blocks until the job context is
-	// done, mirroring a step that overruns timeout-minutes.
-	sm.On("main").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		<-ctx.Done()
-		return ctx.Err()
-	})

-	var postRan bool
-	var postCtxErr error
+	jim.On("steps").Return([]*model.Step{stepModel})
+	jim.On("startContainer").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		executorOrder = append(executorOrder, "startContainer")
+		return startErr
+	})
+	jim.On("stopContainer").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		executorOrder = append(executorOrder, "stopContainer")
+		return nil
+	})
+	jim.On("closeContainer").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		executorOrder = append(executorOrder, "closeContainer")
+		return nil
+	})
+	jim.On("interpolateOutputs").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		return nil
+	})
+	sfm.On("newStep", stepModel, rc).Return(sm, nil)
+	sm.On("pre").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		return nil
+	})
+	sm.On("main").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error {
+		return nil
+	})
 	sm.On("post").Return(func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		postRan = true
-		postCtxErr = ctx.Err()
 		return nil
 	})

 	executor := newJobExecutor(jim, sfm, rc)
-	// The executor itself returns nil on timeout: the failure is surfaced through
-	// the job result ("failure", asserted via the result mock below), not the
-	// return value.
-	require.NoError(t, executor(ctx))
-
-	assert.True(t, postRan, "post step must run after a job timeout")
-	require.NoError(t, postCtxErr, "post step must run against a fresh, non-expired context")
+	err := executor(ctx)
+	require.ErrorIs(t, err, startErr)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"startContainer", "stopContainer", "closeContainer"}, executorOrder)

 	jim.AssertExpectations(t)
 	sfm.AssertExpectations(t)
 	sm.AssertExpectations(t)
 }
-
-// TestSetJobResultMatrixContinueOnError exercises the parallel-matrix path
-// end-to-end: two combinations share one *model.Job and continue-on-error is
-// keyed on matrix.experimental, so one combination tolerates its failure and the
-// other does not. The job is reported as continue-on-error only when EVERY failing
-// combination was tolerated; a single firm failure makes the whole job firm, and
-// handleFailure then fails the run.
-func TestSetJobResultMatrixContinueOnError(t *testing.T) {
-	const jobYAML = "continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.experimental }}\nruns-on: ubuntu-latest"
-
-	newSharedJob := func(t *testing.T) (*model.Job, *model.Workflow) {
-		t.Helper()
-		var job *model.Job
-		require.NoError(t, yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(jobYAML), &job))
-		return job, &model.Workflow{
-			Name: "workflow1",
-			Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{"job1": job},
-		}
-	}
-
-	planFor := func(wf *model.Workflow) *model.Plan {
-		return &model.Plan{Stages: []*model.Stage{{Runs: []*model.Run{{Workflow: wf, JobID: "job1"}}}}}
-	}
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	// fail drives a single matrix combination through the failure path; each
-	// RunContext is its own jobInfo (rc implements jobInfo) and shares the job.
-	fail := func(wf *model.Workflow, experimental bool) {
-		rc := newTestRC(wf, map[string]any{"experimental": experimental})
-		setJobResult(ctx, rc, rc, false)
-	}
-
-	t.Run("one tolerated and one firm failure fails the run", func(t *testing.T) {
-		job, wf := newSharedJob(t)
-		// Order is intentional: the tolerated combination finishes first, then the
-		// firm one. The firm-failure latch must still win regardless of order.
-		fail(wf, true)
-		fail(wf, false)
-
-		assert.Equal(t, "failure", job.Result)
-		assert.False(t, job.ContinueOnError, "a single firm failure must make the whole job firm")
-		assert.Error(t, handleFailure(planFor(wf))(ctx))
-	})
-
-	t.Run("all tolerated failures do not fail the run", func(t *testing.T) {
-		job, wf := newSharedJob(t)
-		fail(wf, true)
-		fail(wf, true)
-
-		assert.Equal(t, "failure", job.Result)
-		assert.True(t, job.ContinueOnError, "every failing combination was tolerated")
-		assert.NoError(t, handleFailure(planFor(wf))(ctx))
-	})
-}
-
-func TestHasJobSummaryCapability(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.True(t, hasJobSummaryCapability("cache,job-summary artifacts"))
-	assert.True(t, hasJobSummaryCapability("cache,\njob-summary\tartifacts"))
-	assert.False(t, hasJobSummaryCapability("not-job-summary,job-summary-v2"))
-}
-
-// fakeRuntimeToken builds a JWT-shaped string whose middle (claims) segment encodes
-// the given JobID. The header and signature segments are filler — the runner does not
-// verify the signature; the server does.
-func fakeRuntimeToken(jobID int64) string {
-	header := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(`{"alg":"HS256","typ":"JWT"}`))
-	claims := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(fmt.Appendf(nil, `{"JobID":%d}`, jobID))
-	sig := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte("sig"))
-	return header + "." + claims + "." + sig
-}
-
-func newJobSummaryRC(env map[string]string, jobContainer container.ExecutionsEnvironment, stepCount int) *RunContext {
-	steps := make([]*model.Step, stepCount)
-	for i := range steps {
-		steps[i] = &model.Step{ID: strconv.Itoa(i)}
-	}
-	return &RunContext{
-		Config:       &Config{},
-		JobContainer: jobContainer,
-		Env:          env,
-		Run: &model.Run{
-			JobID: "test",
-			Workflow: &model.Workflow{
-				Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{
-					"test": {Steps: steps},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	}
-}
-
-func TestTryUploadJobSummaryRetriesTransientFailure(t *testing.T) {
-	oldDelay := jobSummaryUploadRetryDelay
-	jobSummaryUploadRetryDelay = 0
-	defer func() {
-		jobSummaryUploadRetryDelay = oldDelay
-	}()
-
-	runtimeToken := fakeRuntimeToken(34)
-
-	requests := 0
-	server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		requests++
-		assert.Equal(t, http.MethodPut, r.Method)
-		assert.Equal(t, "/_apis/pipelines/workflows/12/jobs/34/steps/0/summary", r.URL.Path)
-		assert.Equal(t, "Bearer "+runtimeToken, r.Header.Get("Authorization"))
-		assert.Equal(t, "text/markdown; charset=utf-8", r.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
-		body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
-		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.Equal(t, []byte("# summary"), body)
-		if requests == 1 {
-			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
-			return
-		}
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
-	}))
-	defer server.Close()
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	cm := &containerMock{}
-	cm.On("GetContainerArchive", mock.Anything, "/var/run/act/workflow/step-summary-0.md").Return(
-		io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(tarArchive(t, tarEntry{name: "step-summary-0.md", body: "# summary"}))),
-		nil,
-	).Once()
-
-	rc := newJobSummaryRC(map[string]string{
-		"GITEA_ACTIONS_CAPABILITIES": "cache, job-summary",
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL":        server.URL,
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN":      runtimeToken,
-		"GITEA_RUN_ID":               "12",
-	}, cm, 1)
-
-	tryUploadJobSummary(ctx, rc)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, 2, requests)
-	cm.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
-func TestTryUploadJobSummaryStopsAtPhaseTimeout(t *testing.T) {
-	oldPhase := jobSummaryUploadPhaseTimeout
-	jobSummaryUploadPhaseTimeout = 100 * time.Millisecond
-	defer func() {
-		jobSummaryUploadPhaseTimeout = oldPhase
-	}()
-
-	runtimeToken := fakeRuntimeToken(34)
-
-	// The server blocks until either the request context is cancelled (the behaviour
-	// under test: the phase timeout aborts the in-flight upload) or the test tears it
-	// down. Without the phase timeout the upload would hang until the 30s client
-	// timeout instead of releasing the cleanup budget. The release channel guarantees
-	// the handler always returns so server.Close() cannot itself hang.
-	release := make(chan struct{})
-	server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		select {
-		case <-r.Context().Done():
-		case <-release:
-		}
-	}))
-	defer server.Close()
-	defer close(release)
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	cm := &containerMock{}
-	cm.On("GetContainerArchive", mock.Anything, "/var/run/act/workflow/step-summary-0.md").Return(
-		io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(tarArchive(t, tarEntry{name: "step-summary-0.md", body: "# summary"}))),
-		nil,
-	).Once()
-
-	rc := newJobSummaryRC(map[string]string{
-		"GITEA_ACTIONS_CAPABILITIES": "job-summary",
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL":        server.URL,
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN":      runtimeToken,
-		"GITEA_RUN_ID":               "12",
-	}, cm, 1)
-
-	done := make(chan struct{})
-	go func() {
-		defer close(done)
-		tryUploadJobSummary(ctx, rc)
-	}()
-
-	select {
-	case <-done:
-	case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
-		t.Fatal("tryUploadJobSummary did not honour the phase timeout")
-	}
-	cm.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
-func TestTryUploadJobSummaryUploadsEachStepIndependently(t *testing.T) {
-	runtimeToken := fakeRuntimeToken(34)
-
-	type upload struct {
-		path string
-		body string
-	}
-	var got []upload
-	server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
-		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		got = append(got, upload{r.URL.Path, string(body)})
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
-	}))
-	defer server.Close()
-
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	cm := &containerMock{}
-	// Three steps: 0 has content, 1 has empty content (skipped), 2 has content.
-	cm.On("GetContainerArchive", mock.Anything, "/var/run/act/workflow/step-summary-0.md").Return(
-		io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(tarArchive(t, tarEntry{name: "step-summary-0.md", body: "first"}))),
-		nil,
-	).Once()
-	cm.On("GetContainerArchive", mock.Anything, "/var/run/act/workflow/step-summary-1.md").Return(
-		io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(tarArchive(t, tarEntry{name: "step-summary-1.md", body: ""}))),
-		nil,
-	).Once()
-	cm.On("GetContainerArchive", mock.Anything, "/var/run/act/workflow/step-summary-2.md").Return(
-		io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(tarArchive(t, tarEntry{name: "step-summary-2.md", body: "third"}))),
-		nil,
-	).Once()
-
-	rc := newJobSummaryRC(map[string]string{
-		"GITEA_ACTIONS_CAPABILITIES": "job-summary",
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL":        server.URL,
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN":      runtimeToken,
-		"GITEA_RUN_ID":               "12",
-	}, cm, 3)
-
-	tryUploadJobSummary(ctx, rc)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, []upload{
-		{"/_apis/pipelines/workflows/12/jobs/34/steps/0/summary", "first"},
-		{"/_apis/pipelines/workflows/12/jobs/34/steps/2/summary", "third"},
-	}, got)
-	cm.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
-func TestTryUploadJobSummaryRequiresExactCapability(t *testing.T) {
-	requests := 0
-	server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		requests++
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
-	}))
-	defer server.Close()
-
-	rc := newJobSummaryRC(map[string]string{
-		"GITEA_ACTIONS_CAPABILITIES": "not-job-summary,job-summary-v2",
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL":        server.URL,
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN":      fakeRuntimeToken(34),
-		"GITEA_RUN_ID":               "12",
-	}, &containerMock{}, 1)
-
-	tryUploadJobSummary(context.Background(), rc)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, requests)
-}
-
-func TestTryUploadJobSummarySkipsWhenJobIDMissingFromToken(t *testing.T) {
-	requests := 0
-	server := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		requests++
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
-	}))
-	defer server.Close()
-
-	rc := newJobSummaryRC(map[string]string{
-		"GITEA_ACTIONS_CAPABILITIES": "job-summary",
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL":        server.URL,
-		"ACTIONS_RUNTIME_TOKEN":      "not-a-jwt",
-		"GITEA_RUN_ID":               "12",
-	}, &containerMock{}, 1)
-
-	tryUploadJobSummary(context.Background(), rc)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, requests)
-}
-
-func TestExtractJobIDFromRuntimeToken(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.Equal(t, int64(42), extractJobIDFromRuntimeToken(fakeRuntimeToken(42)))
-	assert.Equal(t, int64(0), extractJobIDFromRuntimeToken("not-a-jwt"))
-	assert.Equal(t, int64(0), extractJobIDFromRuntimeToken("a.b.c"))
-	assert.Equal(t, int64(0), extractJobIDFromRuntimeToken(""))
-}
-
-func TestReadSingleFileFromContainerArchiveFindsMatchingRegularFile(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	cm := &containerMock{}
-	cm.On("GetContainerArchive", ctx, "/var/run/act/workflow/SUMMARY.md").Return(
-		io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(tarArchive(t,
-			tarEntry{name: "workflow", typeflag: tar.TypeDir},
-			tarEntry{name: "other.md", body: "wrong"},
-			tarEntry{name: "SUMMARY.md", body: "right"},
-		))),
-		nil,
-	).Once()
-
-	body, ok := readSingleFileFromContainerArchive(ctx, cm, "/var/run/act/workflow/SUMMARY.md", 1024)
-
-	assert.True(t, ok)
-	assert.Equal(t, []byte("right"), body)
-	cm.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
-func TestReadSingleFileFromContainerArchiveTruncatesWhenTooLarge(t *testing.T) {
-	logger, hook := logrustest.NewNullLogger()
-	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger)
-	cm := &containerMock{}
-	content := strings.Repeat("a", 300)
-	cm.On("GetContainerArchive", ctx, "/var/run/act/workflow/SUMMARY.md").Return(
-		io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(tarArchive(t, tarEntry{name: "SUMMARY.md", body: content}))),
-		nil,
-	).Once()
-
-	const maxBytes = 200
-	body, ok := readSingleFileFromContainerArchive(ctx, cm, "/var/run/act/workflow/SUMMARY.md", maxBytes)
-
-	// Oversized summaries are truncated to the limit (reserving room for the marker)
-	// rather than dropped entirely, and the truncation marker is appended.
-	assert.True(t, ok)
-	assert.LessOrEqual(t, len(body), maxBytes)
-	keep := maxBytes - len(jobSummaryTruncationMarker)
-	assert.Equal(t, []byte(content[:keep]+jobSummaryTruncationMarker), body)
-	if assert.Len(t, hook.Entries, 1) {
-		assert.Contains(t, hook.Entries[0].Message, "job summary truncated")
-	}
-	cm.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
-func TestReadSingleFileFromContainerArchiveKeepsExactLimitWithoutWarning(t *testing.T) {
-	logger, hook := logrustest.NewNullLogger()
-	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger)
-	cm := &containerMock{}
-	cm.On("GetContainerArchive", ctx, "/var/run/act/workflow/SUMMARY.md").Return(
-		io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(tarArchive(t, tarEntry{name: "SUMMARY.md", body: "abc"}))),
-		nil,
-	).Once()
-
-	body, ok := readSingleFileFromContainerArchive(ctx, cm, "/var/run/act/workflow/SUMMARY.md", 3)
-
-	// A summary that is exactly at the limit is kept whole and not flagged as truncated.
-	assert.True(t, ok)
-	assert.Equal(t, []byte("abc"), body)
-	assert.Empty(t, hook.Entries)
-	cm.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
-type tarEntry struct {
-	name     string
-	body     string
-	typeflag byte
-}
-
-func tarArchive(t *testing.T, entries ...tarEntry) []byte {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
-	tw := tar.NewWriter(buf)
-	for _, entry := range entries {
-		typeflag := entry.typeflag
-		if typeflag == 0 {
-			typeflag = tar.TypeReg
-		}
-		header := &tar.Header{
-			Name:     entry.name,
-			Typeflag: typeflag,
-			Mode:     0o644,
-			Size:     int64(len(entry.body)),
-		}
-		if typeflag == tar.TypeDir {
-			header.Mode = 0o755
-			header.Size = 0
-		}
-		require.NoError(t, tw.WriteHeader(header))
-		if typeflag == tar.TypeReg {
-			_, err := tw.Write([]byte(entry.body))
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-		}
-	}
-	require.NoError(t, tw.Close())
-	return buf.Bytes()
-}
-
-func newTestRC(wf *model.Workflow, matrix map[string]any) *RunContext {
-	return &RunContext{
-		Config: &Config{
-			Workdir: ".",
-			Platforms: map[string]string{
-				"ubuntu-latest": "ubuntu-latest",
-			},
-		},
-		StepResults: map[string]*model.StepResult{},
-		Env:         map[string]string{},
-		Matrix:      matrix,
-		Run:         &model.Run{JobID: "job1", Workflow: wf},
-	}
-}
-
-func makeTestRC(t *testing.T, jobYAML string) *RunContext {
-	t.Helper()
-	var job *model.Job
-	require.NoError(t, yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(jobYAML), &job))
-	rc := newTestRC(&model.Workflow{
-		Name: "workflow1",
-		Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{"job1": job},
-	}, nil)
-	rc.ExprEval = rc.NewExpressionEvaluator(context.Background())
-	return rc
-}
-
-func TestApplyJobTimeout(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		name        string
-		yaml        string
-		wantTimeout bool
-	}{
-		{"empty", "runs-on: ubuntu-latest", false},
-		{"integer", "timeout-minutes: 5\nruns-on: ubuntu-latest", true},
-		{"non-numeric ignored", "timeout-minutes: abc\nruns-on: ubuntu-latest", false},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			rc := makeTestRC(t, tc.yaml)
-			ctx := context.Background()
-			newCtx, cancel := applyJobTimeout(ctx, rc, rc.Run.Job())
-			defer cancel()
-			_, hasDeadline := newCtx.Deadline()
-			assert.Equal(t, tc.wantTimeout, hasDeadline)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestEvaluateJobContinueOnError(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		name string
-		yaml string
-		want bool
-	}{
-		{"absent", "runs-on: ubuntu-latest", false},
-		{"true", "continue-on-error: true\nruns-on: ubuntu-latest", true},
-		{"false", "continue-on-error: false\nruns-on: ubuntu-latest", false},
-		{"expression true", "continue-on-error: ${{ 'x' == 'x' }}\nruns-on: ubuntu-latest", true},
-		{"expression false", "continue-on-error: ${{ 'x' != 'x' }}\nruns-on: ubuntu-latest", false},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			rc := makeTestRC(t, tc.yaml)
-			got := evaluateJobContinueOnError(context.Background(), rc, rc.Run.Job())
-			assert.Equal(t, tc.want, got)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestJobSetContinueOnError(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("first call true", func(t *testing.T) {
-		j := &model.Job{}
-		j.SetContinueOnError(true)
-		assert.True(t, j.ContinueOnError)
-	})
-	t.Run("first call false", func(t *testing.T) {
-		j := &model.Job{}
-		j.SetContinueOnError(false)
-		assert.False(t, j.ContinueOnError)
-	})
-	t.Run("true then false locks to false", func(t *testing.T) {
-		j := &model.Job{}
-		j.SetContinueOnError(true)
-		j.SetContinueOnError(false)
-		assert.False(t, j.ContinueOnError)
-	})
-	t.Run("false then true stays false", func(t *testing.T) {
-		j := &model.Job{}
-		j.SetContinueOnError(false)
-		j.SetContinueOnError(true)
-		assert.False(t, j.ContinueOnError)
-	})
-	t.Run("true then true stays true", func(t *testing.T) {
-		j := &model.Job{}
-		j.SetContinueOnError(true)
-		j.SetContinueOnError(true)
-		assert.True(t, j.ContinueOnError)
-	})
-}
--- a/act/runner/job_hooks.go
+++ b/act/runner/job_hooks.go
@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package runner
-
-import (
-	"cmp"
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"maps"
-	"path"
-	"strings"
-
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/container"
-)
-
-// GitHub's job-hook variables, read as a fallback when the settings are unset.
-const (
-	jobStartedHookEnv   = "ACTIONS_RUNNER_HOOK_JOB_STARTED"
-	jobCompletedHookEnv = "ACTIONS_RUNNER_HOOK_JOB_COMPLETED"
-)
-
-// Kept apart from the per-step file-command files, which are truncated on every step.
-const (
-	hookEnvFileCommand  = "workflow/hook-envs.txt"
-	hookPathFileCommand = "workflow/hook-path.txt"
-)
-
-func (rc *RunContext) runJobStartedHook(ctx context.Context) error {
-	return rc.runJobHook(ctx, cmp.Or(rc.Config.JobStartedHook, rc.Config.Env[jobStartedHookEnv]), "job started")
-}
-
-func (rc *RunContext) runJobCompletedHook(ctx context.Context) error {
-	return rc.runJobHook(ctx, cmp.Or(rc.Config.JobCompletedHook, rc.Config.Env[jobCompletedHookEnv]), "job completed")
-}
-
-// runJobHook runs one hook in the job environment. Either hook failing fails the job, as
-// on GitHub, where the operator is responsible for the hook's own resilience.
-func (rc *RunContext) runJobHook(ctx context.Context, hookPath, name string) error {
-	if hookPath == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	cmd, shell := hookCommand(hookPath)
-	rawLogger := common.Logger(ctx).WithField(rawOutputField, true)
-	defer rawLogger.Infof("::endgroup::")
-	rawLogger.Infof("::group::Run '%s'", escapeCommandData(hookPath))
-	rawLogger.Infof("A %s hook has been configured by the runner administrator", name)
-	if shell != "" {
-		rawLogger.Infof("shell: %s", shell)
-	}
-
-	env := maps.Clone(rc.GetEnv())
-	if jobContainer := rc.Run.Job().Container(); jobContainer != nil {
-		maps.Copy(env, jobContainer.Env)
-	}
-	rc.withGithubEnv(ctx, rc.getGithubContext(ctx), env)
-	rc.ApplyExtraPath(ctx, &env)
-
-	err := rc.setupHookFileCommands(ctx, env)
-	if err == nil {
-		err = rc.JobContainer.Exec(cmd, env, "", "")(ctx)
-	}
-	// Processed even on failure, so a hook that exports what it managed to set up before
-	// failing still hands it to the job.
-	err = cmp.Or(err, rc.processHookFileCommands(ctx))
-	if err == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	err = fmt.Errorf("the %s hook %q failed: %w", name, hookPath, err)
-	// Flip the job status the way a failing pre step does, so success()-default main steps
-	// skip and the task is reported failed.
-	reportStepError(ctx, rc, err)
-	return err
-}
-
-// setupHookFileCommands points the hook at its GITHUB_ENV and GITHUB_PATH files, so it can
-// export to the job's steps, and truncates them so the second hook does not re-read what
-// the first one wrote.
-func (rc *RunContext) setupHookFileCommands(ctx context.Context, env map[string]string) error {
-	actPath := rc.JobContainer.GetActPath()
-	env["GITHUB_ENV"] = path.Join(actPath, hookEnvFileCommand)
-	env["GITHUB_PATH"] = path.Join(actPath, hookPathFileCommand)
-	env["GITEA_ENV"] = env["GITHUB_ENV"]
-	env["GITEA_PATH"] = env["GITHUB_PATH"]
-
-	return rc.JobContainer.Copy(actPath,
-		&container.FileEntry{Name: hookEnvFileCommand, Mode: 0o666},
-		&container.FileEntry{Name: hookPathFileCommand, Mode: 0o666},
-	)(ctx)
-}
-
-func (rc *RunContext) processHookFileCommands(ctx context.Context) error {
-	if err := processRunnerEnvFileCommand(ctx, hookEnvFileCommand, rc, rc.setEnv); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return rc.UpdateExtraPath(ctx, path.Join(rc.JobContainer.GetActPath(), hookPathFileCommand))
-}
-
-// hookCommand mirrors actions/runner, which deliberately does not apply the shell flags it
-// gives `run:` steps — a hook sets its own. See docs/adrs/1751-runner-job-hooks.md there.
-// The second return value is how the invocation is shown in the log, empty when the file is
-// executed directly.
-func hookCommand(hookPath string) (cmd []string, shell string) {
-	switch strings.ToLower(path.Ext(hookPath)) {
-	case ".sh":
-		return []string{"bash", "-e", hookPath}, "bash -e {0}"
-	case ".ps1":
-		return []string{"pwsh", "-command", ". '" + hookPath + "'"}, `pwsh -command ". '{0}'"`
-	default:
-		return []string{hookPath}, ""
-	}
-}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Nicolas	c5d0457615	Merge branch 'main' into lunny/remove_network	2026-05-24 09:58:45 +00:00
Lunny Xiao	3815aad750	fix cleanup network	2026-05-19 16:39:51 -07:00