fix: preserve empty parallel executor context

- hoist the empty executor guard out of the inner closure to match NewPipelineExecutor
- preserve canceled context semantics when no executors are provided
- add coverage for the empty executor case

.gitea/workflows/pull-pr-title.yml

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-name: pr-title
-
-on:
-  pull_request:
-    types:
-    - opened
-    - edited
-    - reopened
-    - synchronize
-    - ready_for_review
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-jobs:
-  lint-pr-title:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.draft == false
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 5
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v6
-    - uses: actions/setup-node@v6
-      with:
-        node-version: 24
-    - run: make lint-pr-title
-      env:
-        PR_TITLE: ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }}

.gitea/workflows/release-nightly.yml

@@ -71,11 +71,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Echo the tag
         run: echo "${{ env.DOCKER_ORG }}/runner:nightly${{ matrix.variant.tag_suffix }}"
 
-      - name: Get Meta
-        id: meta
-        run: |
-          echo REPO_VERSION=$(git describe --tags --always | sed 's/-/+/' | sed 's/^v//') >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
       - name: Build and push
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
         with:
@@ -88,5 +83,3 @@ jobs:
           push: true
           tags: |
             ${{ env.DOCKER_ORG }}/runner:nightly${{ matrix.variant.tag_suffix }}
-          build-args: |
-            VERSION=${{ steps.meta.outputs.REPO_VERSION }}

.gitea/workflows/release-tag.yml

@@ -96,5 +96,3 @@ jobs:
             linux/arm64
           push: true
           tags: ${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.tags }}
-          build-args: |
-            VERSION=${{ steps.docker_meta.outputs.version }}

.gitea/workflows/test.yml

@@ -9,36 +9,14 @@ jobs:
   lint:
     name: check and test
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    env:
-      # The runner image ships a stale docker.io login; point docker at an empty config so
-      # image pulls go straight to anonymous instead of attempting (and failing) that auth
-      # first. The path must be a literal: the `runner` context is unavailable in job-level
-      # env, so `${{ runner.temp }}` would resolve to empty and config.Dir() would fall back
-      # to ~/.docker with the stale credentials.
-      DOCKER_CONFIG: /tmp/docker-noauth
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
         with:
           go-version-file: 'go.mod'
-      - name: prepare anonymous docker config
-        run: mkdir -p "$DOCKER_CONFIG" && echo '{}' > "$DOCKER_CONFIG/config.json"
-      # Pre-pull act/runner's two largest base images so a slow pull can't dominate `make test`;
-      # the rest (alpine/ubuntu) pull on demand, absorbed by the make-test -timeout. The host
-      # daemon retains them between runs, so this is usually a fast manifest re-check.
-      - name: pre-pull test images
-        run: |
-          for img in node:24-bookworm-slim nginx:alpine; do
-            for try in 1 2 3; do docker pull "$img" && break || sleep 5; done
-          done
       - name: lint
         run: make lint
       - name: build
         run: make build
       - name: test
         run: make test
-      # Build the dind image and run the daemon-facing tests against the docker version it
-      # ships, catching daemon-level regressions (e.g. gitea/runner#981) before release. Runs
-      # after `make test` so the images it needs are already present on the host daemon.
-      - name: test against dind image
-        run: make test-dind

.gitignore

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 /gitea-runner
 .env
-!/act/runner/testdata/secrets/.env
 .runner
 coverage.txt
 /config.yaml
@@ -11,4 +10,4 @@ coverage.txt
 .vscode
 __debug_bin
 # gorelease binary folder
-/dist
+dist

Dockerfile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ### BUILDER STAGE
 #
 #
-FROM golang:1.26-alpine3.23 AS builder
+FROM golang:1.26-alpine AS builder
 
 # Do not remove `git` here, it is required for getting runner version when executing `make build`
 RUN apk add --no-cache make git
@@ -17,12 +17,7 @@ RUN make clean && make build
 ### DIND VARIANT
 #
 #
-FROM docker:29.5.2-dind AS dind
-
-ARG VERSION=dev
-
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source="https://gitea.com/gitea/runner"
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.version="${VERSION}"
+FROM docker:29-dind AS dind
 
 RUN apk add --no-cache s6 bash git tzdata
 
@@ -37,12 +32,7 @@ ENTRYPOINT ["s6-svscan","/etc/s6"]
 ### DIND-ROOTLESS VARIANT
 #
 #
-FROM docker:29.5.2-dind-rootless AS dind-rootless
-
-ARG VERSION=dev
-
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source="https://gitea.com/gitea/runner"
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.version="${VERSION}"
+FROM docker:29-dind-rootless AS dind-rootless
 
 USER root
 RUN apk add --no-cache s6 bash git tzdata
@@ -63,13 +53,7 @@ ENTRYPOINT ["s6-svscan","/etc/s6"]
 ### BASIC VARIANT
 #
 #
-FROM alpine:3.23 AS basic
-
-ARG VERSION=dev
-
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source="https://gitea.com/gitea/runner"
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.version="${VERSION}"
-
+FROM alpine AS basic
 RUN apk add --no-cache tini bash git tzdata
 
 COPY --from=builder /opt/src/runner/gitea-runner /usr/local/bin/gitea-runner

Makefile

@@ -118,10 +118,6 @@ lint-go: ## lint go files
 lint-go-fix: ## lint go files and fix issues
 	$(GO) run $(GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE) run --fix
 
-.PHONY: lint-pr-title
-lint-pr-title: ## lint PR title against Conventional Commits (set PR_TITLE=...)
-	@node ./tools/lint-pr-title.ts
-
 .PHONY: security-check
 security-check: deps-tools
 	GOEXPERIMENT= $(GO) run $(GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE) -show color ./... || true
@@ -140,12 +136,8 @@ tidy-check: tidy
 	fi
 
 .PHONY: test
-test: fmt-check security-check ## test everything (integration tests self-skip without docker/network)
-	@$(GO) test -race -timeout 20m -v -cover -coverprofile coverage.txt ./... && echo "\n==>\033[32m Ok\033[m\n" || exit 1
-
-.PHONY: test-dind
-test-dind: ## run the daemon-facing tests against the built dind image (TARGET=dind|dind-rootless)
-	@./scripts/test-dind.sh $(TARGET)
+test: fmt-check security-check ## test everything
+	@$(GO) test -race -short -v -cover -coverprofile coverage.txt ./... && echo "\n==>\033[32m Ok\033[m\n" || exit 1
 
 .PHONY: install
 install: $(GOFILES) ## install the runner binary via `go install`

act/artifactcache/handler.go

@@ -431,7 +431,6 @@ func (h *Handler) upload(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, params httprout
 	}
 	if err := h.storage.Write(cache.ID, start, r.Body); err != nil {
 		h.responseJSON(w, r, 500, err)
-		return
 	}
 	h.useCache(id)
 	h.responseJSON(w, r, 200)

act/artifactcache/handler_test.go

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
-	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -339,54 +338,6 @@ func TestHandler(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
-	t.Run("upload write failure returns only error", func(t *testing.T) {
-		key := strings.ToLower(t.Name())
-		version := "c19da02a2bd7e77277f1ac29ab45c09b7d46a4ee758284e26bb3045ad11d9d20"
-		var id uint64
-		{
-			body, err := json.Marshal(&Request{
-				Key:     key,
-				Version: version,
-				Size:    100,
-			})
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			resp, err := testClient.Post(base+"/caches", "application/json", bytes.NewReader(body))
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			defer resp.Body.Close()
-			require.Equal(t, 200, resp.StatusCode)
-
-			got := struct {
-				CacheID uint64 `json:"cacheId"`
-			}{}
-			require.NoError(t, json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&got))
-			id = got.CacheID
-		}
-
-		storageFile := filepath.Join(dir, "not-a-directory")
-		require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(storageFile, []byte("blocked"), 0o600))
-		originalStorage := handler.storage
-		handler.storage = &Storage{rootDir: storageFile}
-		defer func() {
-			handler.storage = originalStorage
-		}()
-
-		req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPatch,
-			fmt.Sprintf("%s/caches/%d", base, id), bytes.NewReader(make([]byte, 100)))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream")
-		req.Header.Set("Content-Range", "bytes 0-99/*")
-		resp, err := testClient.Do(req)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		defer resp.Body.Close()
-		require.Equal(t, 500, resp.StatusCode)
-
-		body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		var got map[string]string
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(body, &got))
-		assert.NotEmpty(t, got["error"])
-	})
-
 	t.Run("commit early", func(t *testing.T) {
 		key := strings.ToLower(t.Name())
 		version := "c19da02a2bd7e77277f1ac29ab45c09b7d46a4ee758284e26bb3045ad11d9d20"

act/artifacts/server_test.go

@@ -5,25 +5,24 @@
 package artifacts
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
-	"compress/gzip"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"maps"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
-	"net/url"
 	"os"
+	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"testing/fstest"
-	"time"
+
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
+	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/runner"
 
 	"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
 type writableMapFile struct {
@@ -235,133 +234,89 @@ func TestDownloadArtifactFile(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal("content", string(data))
 }
 
-// TestArtifactFlow drives the real Serve() artifact server over a loopback socket, exercising
-// the same upload -> finalize -> list -> download protocol the upload-artifact/download-artifact
-// actions speak. Running it in-process (rather than from a job container) keeps it network-free
-// and reachable everywhere, including when the CI job is itself a container.
+type TestJobFileInfo struct {
+	workdir               string
+	workflowPath          string
+	eventName             string
+	errorMessage          string
+	platforms             map[string]string
+	containerArchitecture string
+}
+
+var (
+	artifactsPath = path.Join(os.TempDir(), "test-artifacts")
+	artifactsAddr = "127.0.0.1"
+	artifactsPort = "12345"
+)
+
 func TestArtifactFlow(t *testing.T) {
-	artifactPath := t.TempDir()
-
-	// Serve the exact routes Serve() wires up, on a real loopback socket via httptest. httptest
-	// picks a free port and Close() tears the server down synchronously — avoiding both the
-	// port-rebind race and Serve()'s detached ListenAndServe goroutine, which logger.Fatal()s
-	// (process exit) on a bind error and can outlive the test's temp-dir cleanup.
-	router := httprouter.New()
-	fsys := readWriteFSImpl{}
-	uploads(router, artifactPath, fsys)
-	downloads(router, artifactPath, fsys)
-	server := httptest.NewServer(router)
-	defer server.Close()
-
-	baseURL := server.URL
-	client := server.Client()
-	client.Timeout = 5 * time.Second
-
-	// request performs one HTTP call and returns the status and body. The default transport adds
-	// Accept-Encoding: gzip and transparently decompresses, so gzipped downloads come back plain.
-	request := func(t *testing.T, method, rawURL string, body io.Reader, header http.Header) (int, []byte) {
-		t.Helper()
-		req, err := http.NewRequest(method, rawURL, body)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		maps.Copy(req.Header, header)
-		resp, err := client.Do(req)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		defer resp.Body.Close()
-		data, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		return resp.StatusCode, data
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
 	}
 
-	t.Run("upload-and-download", func(t *testing.T) {
-		const runID, item, content = "1", "my-artifact/data.txt", "hello artifact\n"
+	ctx := context.Background()
 
-		status, data := request(t, http.MethodPost, baseURL+"/_apis/pipelines/workflows/"+runID+"/artifacts", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var prep FileContainerResourceURL
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &prep))
-		require.Equal(t, baseURL+"/upload/"+runID, prep.FileContainerResourceURL)
+	cancel := Serve(ctx, artifactsPath, artifactsAddr, artifactsPort)
+	defer cancel()
 
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodPut, prep.FileContainerResourceURL+"?itemPath="+url.QueryEscape(item), strings.NewReader(content), nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var msg ResponseMessage
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &msg))
-		require.Equal(t, "success", msg.Message)
+	platforms := map[string]string{
+		"ubuntu-latest": "node:24-bookworm", // Don't use node:24-bookworm-slim because it doesn't have curl command, which is used in the tests
+	}
 
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodPatch, baseURL+"/_apis/pipelines/workflows/"+runID+"/artifacts", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
+	tables := []TestJobFileInfo{
+		{"testdata", "upload-and-download", "push", "", platforms, ""},
+		{"testdata", "GHSL-2023-004", "push", "", platforms, ""},
+	}
+	log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
 
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, baseURL+"/_apis/pipelines/workflows/"+runID+"/artifacts", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var list NamedFileContainerResourceURLResponse
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &list))
-		require.Equal(t, 1, list.Count)
-		require.Equal(t, "my-artifact", list.Value[0].Name)
+	for _, table := range tables {
+		runTestJobFile(ctx, t, table)
+	}
+}
 
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, list.Value[0].FileContainerResourceURL+"?itemPath=my-artifact", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var items ContainerItemResponse
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &items))
-		require.Len(t, items.Value, 1)
-		require.Equal(t, "file", items.Value[0].ItemType)
-		require.Equal(t, "my-artifact/data.txt", items.Value[0].Path)
+func runTestJobFile(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, tjfi TestJobFileInfo) {
+	t.Run(tjfi.workflowPath, func(t *testing.T) {
+		fmt.Printf("::group::%s\n", tjfi.workflowPath) //nolint:forbidigo // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, items.Value[0].ContentLocation, nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(data))
+		if err := os.RemoveAll(artifactsPath); err != nil {
+			panic(err)
+		}
 
-		stored, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(artifactPath, runID, "my-artifact", "data.txt"))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(stored))
-	})
+		workdir, err := filepath.Abs(tjfi.workdir)
+		assert.NoError(t, err, workdir) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+		fullWorkflowPath := filepath.Join(workdir, tjfi.workflowPath)
+		runnerConfig := &runner.Config{
+			Workdir:               workdir,
+			BindWorkdir:           false,
+			EventName:             tjfi.eventName,
+			Platforms:             tjfi.platforms,
+			ReuseContainers:       false,
+			ContainerArchitecture: tjfi.containerArchitecture,
+			GitHubInstance:        "github.com",
+			ArtifactServerPath:    artifactsPath,
+			ArtifactServerAddr:    artifactsAddr,
+			ArtifactServerPort:    artifactsPort,
+		}
 
-	t.Run("gzip-roundtrip", func(t *testing.T) {
-		const runID, item, content = "2", "logs/app.log", "compressed payload\n"
+		runner, err := runner.New(runnerConfig)
+		assert.NoError(t, err, tjfi.workflowPath) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 
-		var buf bytes.Buffer
-		gz := gzip.NewWriter(&buf)
-		_, err := gz.Write([]byte(content))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.NoError(t, gz.Close())
+		planner, err := model.NewWorkflowPlanner(fullWorkflowPath, true)
+		assert.NoError(t, err, fullWorkflowPath) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 
-		status, data := request(t, http.MethodPut, baseURL+"/upload/"+runID+"?itemPath="+url.QueryEscape(item),
-			&buf, http.Header{"Content-Encoding": []string{"gzip"}})
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
+		plan, err := planner.PlanEvent(tjfi.eventName)
+		if err == nil {
+			err = runner.NewPlanExecutor(plan)(ctx)
+			if tjfi.errorMessage == "" {
+				assert.NoError(t, err, fullWorkflowPath) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			} else {
+				assert.Error(t, err, tjfi.errorMessage) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			}
+		} else {
+			assert.Nil(t, plan)
+		}
 
-		// stored compressed, with the server's gzip marker suffix
-		_, err = os.Stat(filepath.Join(artifactPath, runID, "logs", "app.log.gz__"))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, baseURL+"/download/"+runID+"?itemPath=logs", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-		var items ContainerItemResponse
-		require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(data, &items))
-		require.Len(t, items.Value, 1)
-		require.Equal(t, "logs/app.log", items.Value[0].Path)
-
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, items.Value[0].ContentLocation, nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(data))
-	})
-
-	// GHSL-2023-004: an itemPath that climbs out of the run directory must be neutralised so the
-	// blob cannot be written outside the artifact root.
-	t.Run("GHSL-2023-004", func(t *testing.T) {
-		const runID, content = "3", "contained\n"
-
-		status, data := request(t, http.MethodPut, baseURL+"/upload/"+runID+"?itemPath="+url.QueryEscape("../../escape.txt"),
-			strings.NewReader(content), nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status, string(data))
-
-		stored, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(artifactPath, runID, "escape.txt"))
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(stored))
-
-		_, err = os.Stat(filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(artifactPath), "escape.txt"))
-		require.True(t, os.IsNotExist(err), "upload escaped the artifact root")
-
-		status, data = request(t, http.MethodGet, baseURL+"/artifact/"+runID+"/escape.txt", nil, nil)
-		require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, status)
-		require.Equal(t, content, string(data))
+		fmt.Println("::endgroup::") //nolint:forbidigo // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 	})
 }
 

act/artifacts/testdata/GHSL-2023-004/artifacts.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+
+name: "GHSL-2023-0004"
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test-artifacts:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: echo "hello world" > test.txt
+      - name: curl upload
+        run: curl --silent --show-error --fail ${ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL}upload/1?itemPath=../../my-artifact/secret.txt --upload-file test.txt
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: my-artifact
+          path: test-artifacts
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #1'
+        run: |
+          file="test-artifacts/secret.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file)" != "hello world" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      - name: Verify download should work by clean extra dots
+        run: curl --silent --show-error --fail --path-as-is -o out.txt ${ACTIONS_RUNTIME_URL}artifact/1/../../../1/my-artifact/secret.txt
+      - name: 'Verify download content'
+        run: |
+          file="out.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file)" != "hello world" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi

act/artifacts/testdata/upload-and-download/artifacts.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+
+name: "Test that artifact uploads and downloads succeed"
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test-artifacts:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: mkdir -p path/to/artifact
+      - run: echo hello > path/to/artifact/world.txt
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: my-artifact
+          path: path/to/artifact/world.txt
+
+      - run: rm -rf path
+
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: my-artifact
+      - name: Display structure of downloaded files
+        run: ls -la
+
+      # Test end-to-end by uploading two artifacts and then downloading them
+      - name: Create artifact files
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-1
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-2
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-3
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-5
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-6
+          mkdir -p path/to/dir-7
+          echo "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet" > path/to/dir-1/file1.txt
+          echo "Hello world from file #2" > path/to/dir-2/file2.txt
+          echo "This is a going to be a test for a large enough file that should get compressed with GZip. The @actions/artifact package uses GZip to upload files. This text should have a compression ratio greater than 100% so it should get uploaded using GZip" > path/to/dir-3/gzip.txt
+          dd if=/dev/random of=path/to/dir-5/file5.rnd bs=1024 count=1024
+          dd if=/dev/random of=path/to/dir-6/file6.rnd bs=1024 count=$((10*1024))
+          dd if=/dev/random of=path/to/dir-7/file7.rnd bs=1024 count=$((10*1024))
+
+      # Upload a single file artifact
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #1'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Artifact-A'
+          path: path/to/dir-1/file1.txt
+      
+      # Upload using a wildcard pattern, name should default to 'artifact' if not provided
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #2'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          path: path/**/dir*/
+      
+      # Upload a directory that contains a file that will be uploaded with GZip
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #3'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'GZip-Artifact'
+          path: path/to/dir-3/
+      
+      # Upload a directory that contains a file that will be uploaded with GZip
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #4'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Multi-Path-Artifact'
+          path: |
+            path/to/dir-1/*
+            path/to/dir-[23]/*
+            !path/to/dir-3/*.txt
+      
+      # Upload a mid-size file artifact
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #5'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Mid-Size-Artifact'
+          path: path/to/dir-5/file5.rnd
+      
+      # Upload a big file artifact
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #6'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Artifact'
+          path: path/to/dir-6/file6.rnd
+
+      # Upload a big file artifact twice
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #7 (First)'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Uploaded-Twice'
+          path: path/to/dir-7/file7.rnd
+
+      # Upload a big file artifact twice
+      - name: 'Upload artifact #7 (Second)'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Uploaded-Twice'
+          path: path/to/dir-7/file7.rnd
+
+      # Verify artifacts. Switch to download-artifact@v2 once it's out of preview
+      
+      # Download Artifact #1 and verify the correctness of the content
+      - name: 'Download artifact #1'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Artifact-A'
+          path: some/new/path
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #1'
+        run: |
+          file="some/new/path/file1.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file)" != "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      # Download Artifact #2 and verify the correctness of the content
+      - name: 'Download artifact #2'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'artifact'
+          path: some/other/path
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #2'
+        run: |
+          file1="some/other/path/to/dir-1/file1.txt"
+          file2="some/other/path/to/dir-2/file2.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file1 -o ! -f $file2 ] ; then
+            echo "Expected files do not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file1)" != "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet" -o "$(cat $file2)" != "Hello world from file #2" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifacts are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      # Download Artifact #3 and verify the correctness of the content
+      - name: 'Download artifact #3'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'GZip-Artifact'
+          path: gzip/artifact/path
+      
+      # Because a directory was used as input during the upload the parent directories, path/to/dir-3/, should not be included in the uploaded artifact
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #3'
+        run: |
+          gzipFile="gzip/artifact/path/gzip.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $gzipFile ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file do not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $gzipFile)" != "This is a going to be a test for a large enough file that should get compressed with GZip. The @actions/artifact package uses GZip to upload files. This text should have a compression ratio greater than 100% so it should get uploaded using GZip" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact is incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      - name: 'Download artifact #4'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Multi-Path-Artifact'
+          path: multi/artifact
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #4'
+        run: |
+          file1="multi/artifact/dir-1/file1.txt"
+          file2="multi/artifact/dir-2/file2.txt"
+          if [ ! -f $file1 -o ! -f $file2 ] ; then
+            echo "Expected files do not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [ "$(cat $file1)" != "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet" -o "$(cat $file2)" != "Hello world from file #2" ] ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifacts are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      - name: 'Download artifact #5'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Mid-Size-Artifact'
+          path: mid-size/artifact/path
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #5'
+        run: |
+          file="mid-size/artifact/path/file5.rnd"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if ! diff $file path/to/dir-5/file5.rnd ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+      
+      - name: 'Download artifact #6'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Artifact'
+          path: big/artifact/path
+      
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #6'
+        run: |
+          file="big/artifact/path/file6.rnd"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if ! diff $file path/to/dir-6/file6.rnd ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: 'Download artifact #7'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v2
+        with:
+          name: 'Big-Uploaded-Twice'
+          path: big-uploaded-twice/artifact/path
+
+      - name: 'Verify Artifact #7'
+        run: |
+          file="big-uploaded-twice/artifact/path/file7.rnd"
+          if [ ! -f $file ] ; then
+            echo "Expected file does not exist"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if ! diff $file path/to/dir-7/file7.rnd ; then
+            echo "File contents of downloaded artifact are incorrect"
+            exit 1
+          fi

act/common/draw.go

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2020 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package common
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Style is a specific style
+type Style int
+
+// Styles
+const (
+	StyleDoubleLine = iota
+	StyleSingleLine
+	StyleDashedLine
+	StyleNoLine
+)
+
+// NewPen creates a new pen
+func NewPen(style Style, color int) *Pen {
+	bgcolor := 49
+	if os.Getenv("CLICOLOR") == "0" {
+		color = 0
+		bgcolor = 0
+	}
+	return &Pen{
+		style:   style,
+		color:   color,
+		bgcolor: bgcolor,
+	}
+}
+
+type styleDef struct {
+	cornerTL string
+	cornerTR string
+	cornerBL string
+	cornerBR string
+	lineH    string
+	lineV    string
+}
+
+var styleDefs = []styleDef{
+	{"\u2554", "\u2557", "\u255a", "\u255d", "\u2550", "\u2551"},
+	{"\u256d", "\u256e", "\u2570", "\u256f", "\u2500", "\u2502"},
+	{"\u250c", "\u2510", "\u2514", "\u2518", "\u254c", "\u254e"},
+	{" ", " ", " ", " ", " ", " "},
+}
+
+// Pen struct
+type Pen struct {
+	style   Style
+	color   int
+	bgcolor int
+}
+
+// Drawing struct
+type Drawing struct {
+	buf   *strings.Builder
+	width int
+}
+
+func (p *Pen) drawTopBars(buf io.Writer, labels ...string) {
+	style := styleDefs[p.style]
+	for _, label := range labels {
+		bar := strings.Repeat(style.lineH, len(label)+2)
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, " ")
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "\x1b[%d;%dm", p.color, p.bgcolor)
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "%s%s%s", style.cornerTL, bar, style.cornerTR)
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "\x1b[%dm", 0)
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(buf, "\n")
+}
+
+func (p *Pen) drawBottomBars(buf io.Writer, labels ...string) {
+	style := styleDefs[p.style]
+	for _, label := range labels {
+		bar := strings.Repeat(style.lineH, len(label)+2)
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, " ")
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "\x1b[%d;%dm", p.color, p.bgcolor)
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "%s%s%s", style.cornerBL, bar, style.cornerBR)
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "\x1b[%dm", 0)
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(buf, "\n")
+}
+
+func (p *Pen) drawLabels(buf io.Writer, labels ...string) {
+	style := styleDefs[p.style]
+	for _, label := range labels {
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, " ")
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "\x1b[%d;%dm", p.color, p.bgcolor)
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "%s %s %s", style.lineV, label, style.lineV)
+		fmt.Fprintf(buf, "\x1b[%dm", 0)
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(buf, "\n")
+}
+
+// DrawArrow between boxes
+func (p *Pen) DrawArrow() *Drawing {
+	drawing := &Drawing{
+		buf:   new(strings.Builder),
+		width: 1,
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(drawing.buf, "\x1b[%dm", p.color)
+	fmt.Fprintf(drawing.buf, "\u2b07")
+	fmt.Fprintf(drawing.buf, "\x1b[%dm", 0)
+	return drawing
+}
+
+// DrawBoxes to draw boxes
+func (p *Pen) DrawBoxes(labels ...string) *Drawing {
+	width := 0
+	for _, l := range labels {
+		width += len(l) + 2 + 2 + 1
+	}
+	drawing := &Drawing{
+		buf:   new(strings.Builder),
+		width: width,
+	}
+	p.drawTopBars(drawing.buf, labels...)
+	p.drawLabels(drawing.buf, labels...)
+	p.drawBottomBars(drawing.buf, labels...)
+
+	return drawing
+}
+
+// Draw to writer
+func (d *Drawing) Draw(writer io.Writer, centerOnWidth int) {
+	padSize := max((centerOnWidth-d.GetWidth())/2, 0)
+	for l := range strings.SplitSeq(d.buf.String(), "\n") {
+		if len(l) > 0 {
+			padding := strings.Repeat(" ", padSize)
+			fmt.Fprintf(writer, "%s%s\n", padding, l)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// GetWidth of drawing
+func (d *Drawing) GetWidth() int {
+	return d.width
+}

act/common/executor.go

@@ -12,6 +12,24 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
+// Warning that implements `error` but safe to ignore
+type Warning struct {
+	Message string
+}
+
+// Error the contract for error
+func (w Warning) Error() string {
+	return w.Message
+}
+
+// Warningf create a warning
+func Warningf(format string, args ...any) Warning {
+	w := Warning{
+		Message: fmt.Sprintf(format, args...),
+	}
+	return w
+}
+
 // Executor define contract for the steps of a workflow
 type Executor func(ctx context.Context) error
 
@@ -144,8 +162,14 @@ func NewParallelExecutor(parallel int, executors ...Executor) Executor {
 // Then runs another executor if this executor succeeds
 func (e Executor) Then(then Executor) Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		if err := e(ctx); err != nil {
-			return err
+		err := e(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			switch err.(type) {
+			case Warning:
+				Logger(ctx).Warning(err.Error())
+			default:
+				return err
+			}
 		}
 		if ctx.Err() != nil {
 			return ctx.Err()

act/common/executor_parallel_advanced_test.go

@@ -170,6 +170,68 @@ func TestMaxParallelWithErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+// TestMaxParallelPerformance tests performance characteristics
+func TestMaxParallelPerformance(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("Skipping performance test in short mode")
+	}
+
+	t.Run("ParallelFasterThanSequential", func(t *testing.T) {
+		executors := make([]Executor, 10)
+		for i := range 10 {
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+
+		// Sequential (max-parallel=1)
+		start := time.Now()
+		err := NewParallelExecutor(1, executors...)(ctx)
+		sequentialDuration := time.Since(start)
+		assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		// Parallel (max-parallel=5)
+		start = time.Now()
+		err = NewParallelExecutor(5, executors...)(ctx)
+		parallelDuration := time.Since(start)
+		assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+		// Parallel should be significantly faster
+		assert.Less(t, parallelDuration, sequentialDuration/2,
+			"Parallel execution should be at least 2x faster")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("OptimalWorkerCount", func(t *testing.T) {
+		executors := make([]Executor, 20)
+		for i := range 20 {
+			executors[i] = func(ctx context.Context) error {
+				time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		ctx := context.Background()
+
+		// Test with different worker counts
+		workerCounts := []int{1, 2, 5, 10, 20}
+		durations := make(map[int]time.Duration)
+
+		for _, count := range workerCounts {
+			start := time.Now()
+			err := NewParallelExecutor(count, executors...)(ctx)
+			durations[count] = time.Since(start)
+			assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+		}
+
+		// More workers should generally be faster (up to a point)
+		assert.Less(t, durations[5], durations[1], "5 workers should be faster than 1")
+		assert.Less(t, durations[10], durations[2], "10 workers should be faster than 2")
+	})
+}
+
 // TestMaxParallelResourceSharing tests resource sharing scenarios
 func TestMaxParallelResourceSharing(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("SharedResourceWithMutex", func(t *testing.T) {

act/common/file.go

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+// Copyright 2022 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2020 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package common
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+)
+
+// CopyFile copy file
+func CopyFile(source, dest string) (err error) {
+	sourcefile, err := os.Open(source)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	defer sourcefile.Close()
+
+	destfile, err := os.Create(dest)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	defer destfile.Close()
+
+	_, err = io.Copy(destfile, sourcefile)
+	if err == nil {
+		sourceinfo, err := os.Stat(source)
+		if err != nil {
+			_ = os.Chmod(dest, sourceinfo.Mode())
+		}
+	}
+
+	return err
+}
+
+// CopyDir recursive copy of directory
+func CopyDir(source, dest string) (err error) {
+	// get properties of source dir
+	sourceinfo, err := os.Stat(source)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// create dest dir
+
+	err = os.MkdirAll(dest, sourceinfo.Mode())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	objects, err := os.ReadDir(source)
+
+	for _, obj := range objects {
+		sourcefilepointer := source + "/" + obj.Name()
+
+		destinationfilepointer := dest + "/" + obj.Name()
+
+		if obj.IsDir() {
+			// create sub-directories - recursively
+			err = CopyDir(sourcefilepointer, destinationfilepointer)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Println(err) //nolint:forbidigo // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			}
+		} else {
+			// perform copy
+			err = CopyFile(sourcefilepointer, destinationfilepointer)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Println(err) //nolint:forbidigo // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return err
+}

act/common/git/git.go

@@ -66,21 +66,8 @@ func (e *Error) Commit() string {
 	return e.commit
 }
 
-// goGitMu serializes go-git repository access across the process. go-git is not safe for
-// concurrent use of the same repository (even read access decodes packfiles into shared
-// state), so parallel jobs inspecting the shared workdir repo race without this. The guarded
-// operations are fast local reads; gitea runs one job per process, so the lock is effectively
-// uncontended in production.
-var goGitMu sync.Mutex
-
 // FindGitRevision get the current git revision
 func FindGitRevision(ctx context.Context, file string) (shortSha, sha string, err error) {
-	goGitMu.Lock()
-	defer goGitMu.Unlock()
-	return findGitRevision(ctx, file)
-}
-
-func findGitRevision(ctx context.Context, file string) (shortSha, sha string, err error) {
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 
 	gitDir, err := git.PlainOpenWithOptions(
@@ -112,13 +99,10 @@ func findGitRevision(ctx context.Context, file string) (shortSha, sha string, er
 
 // FindGitRef get the current git ref
 func FindGitRef(ctx context.Context, file string) (string, error) {
-	goGitMu.Lock()
-	defer goGitMu.Unlock()
-
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 
 	logger.Debugf("Loading revision from git directory")
-	_, ref, err := findGitRevision(ctx, file)
+	_, ref, err := FindGitRevision(ctx, file)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -190,8 +174,6 @@ func FindGitRef(ctx context.Context, file string) (string, error) {
 
 // FindGithubRepo get the repo
 func FindGithubRepo(ctx context.Context, file, githubInstance, remoteName string) (string, error) {
-	goGitMu.Lock()
-	defer goGitMu.Unlock()
 	if remoteName == "" {
 		remoteName = "origin"
 	}
@@ -261,50 +243,47 @@ type NewGitCloneExecutorInput struct {
 	InsecureSkipTLS bool
 }
 
-// CloneIfRequired returns the repository and a boolean indicating whether an existing local clone was reused.
-func CloneIfRequired(ctx context.Context, refName plumbing.ReferenceName, input NewGitCloneExecutorInput, logger log.FieldLogger) (*git.Repository, bool, error) {
+// CloneIfRequired ...
+func CloneIfRequired(ctx context.Context, refName plumbing.ReferenceName, input NewGitCloneExecutorInput, logger log.FieldLogger) (*git.Repository, error) {
 	r, err := git.PlainOpen(input.Dir)
-	if err == nil {
-		// Reuse existing clone
-		return r, true, nil
-	}
-
-	var progressWriter io.Writer
-	if isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) || isatty.IsCygwinTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) {
-		if entry, ok := logger.(*log.Entry); ok {
-			progressWriter = entry.WriterLevel(log.DebugLevel)
-		} else if lgr, ok := logger.(*log.Logger); ok {
-			progressWriter = lgr.WriterLevel(log.DebugLevel)
-		} else {
-			log.Errorf("Unable to get writer from logger (type=%T)", logger)
-			progressWriter = os.Stdout
-		}
-	}
-
-	cloneOptions := git.CloneOptions{
-		URL:      input.URL,
-		Progress: progressWriter,
-
-		InsecureSkipTLS: input.InsecureSkipTLS, // For Gitea
-	}
-	if input.Token != "" {
-		cloneOptions.Auth = &http.BasicAuth{
-			Username: "token",
-			Password: input.Token,
-		}
-	}
-
-	r, err = git.PlainCloneContext(ctx, input.Dir, false, &cloneOptions)
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Errorf("Unable to clone %v %s: %v", input.URL, refName, err)
-		return nil, false, err
+		var progressWriter io.Writer
+		if isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) || isatty.IsCygwinTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) {
+			if entry, ok := logger.(*log.Entry); ok {
+				progressWriter = entry.WriterLevel(log.DebugLevel)
+			} else if lgr, ok := logger.(*log.Logger); ok {
+				progressWriter = lgr.WriterLevel(log.DebugLevel)
+			} else {
+				log.Errorf("Unable to get writer from logger (type=%T)", logger)
+				progressWriter = os.Stdout
+			}
+		}
+
+		cloneOptions := git.CloneOptions{
+			URL:      input.URL,
+			Progress: progressWriter,
+
+			InsecureSkipTLS: input.InsecureSkipTLS, // For Gitea
+		}
+		if input.Token != "" {
+			cloneOptions.Auth = &http.BasicAuth{
+				Username: "token",
+				Password: input.Token,
+			}
+		}
+
+		r, err = git.PlainCloneContext(ctx, input.Dir, false, &cloneOptions)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Errorf("Unable to clone %v %s: %v", input.URL, refName, err)
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		if err = os.Chmod(input.Dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}
 
-	if err = os.Chmod(input.Dir, 0o755); err != nil {
-		return nil, false, err
-	}
-
-	return r, false, nil
+	return r, nil
 }
 
 func gitOptions(token string) (fetchOptions git.FetchOptions, pullOptions git.PullOptions) {
@@ -334,7 +313,7 @@ func NewGitCloneExecutor(input NewGitCloneExecutorInput) common.Executor {
 		defer AcquireCloneLock(input.Dir)()
 
 		refName := plumbing.ReferenceName("refs/heads/" + input.Ref)
-		r, reused, err := CloneIfRequired(ctx, refName, input, logger)
+		r, err := CloneIfRequired(ctx, refName, input, logger)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -359,10 +338,10 @@ func NewGitCloneExecutor(input NewGitCloneExecutorInput) common.Executor {
 		var hash *plumbing.Hash
 		rev := plumbing.Revision(input.Ref)
 		if hash, err = r.ResolveRevision(rev); err != nil {
-			// ResolveRevision returns a nil hash on error, and a branch ref legitimately fails
-			// here (no local refs/heads/<ref>); the duck-typing below resolves it.
 			logger.Errorf("Unable to resolve %s: %v", input.Ref, err)
-		} else if hash.String() != input.Ref && strings.HasPrefix(hash.String(), input.Ref) {
+		}
+
+		if hash.String() != input.Ref && strings.HasPrefix(hash.String(), input.Ref) {
 			return &Error{
 				err:    ErrShortRef,
 				commit: hash.String(),
@@ -413,18 +392,12 @@ func NewGitCloneExecutor(input NewGitCloneExecutorInput) common.Executor {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
-
-		reusedMsg := ""
-
 		if !isOfflineMode {
 			if err = w.Pull(&pullOptions); err != nil && err != git.NoErrAlreadyUpToDate {
 				logger.Debugf("Unable to pull %s: %v", refName, err)
 			}
-		} else if reused {
-			reusedMsg = " (reused in offline mode)"
 		}
-
-		logger.Debugf("Cloned %s to %s%s", input.URL, input.Dir, reusedMsg)
+		logger.Debugf("Cloned %s to %s", input.URL, input.Dir)
 
 		if hash.String() != input.Ref && refType == "branch" {
 			logger.Debugf("Provided ref is not a sha. Updating branch ref after pull")

act/common/git/git_test.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
@@ -49,6 +50,10 @@ func TestFindGitSlug(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func testDir(t *testing.T) string {
+	return t.TempDir()
+}
+
 func cleanGitHooks(dir string) error {
 	hooksDir := filepath.Join(dir, ".git", "hooks")
 	files, err := os.ReadDir(hooksDir)
@@ -73,7 +78,8 @@ func cleanGitHooks(dir string) error {
 func TestFindGitRemoteURL(t *testing.T) {
 	assert := assert.New(t)
 
-	basedir := t.TempDir()
+	basedir := testDir(t)
+	gitConfig()
 	err := gitCmd("init", basedir)
 	assert.NoError(err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 	err = cleanGitHooks(basedir)
@@ -96,7 +102,8 @@ func TestFindGitRemoteURL(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestGitFindRef(t *testing.T) {
-	basedir := t.TempDir()
+	basedir := testDir(t)
+	gitConfig()
 
 	for name, tt := range map[string]struct {
 		Prepare func(t *testing.T, dir string)
@@ -173,55 +180,36 @@ func TestGitFindRef(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestGitCloneExecutor(t *testing.T) {
-	// Build a local bare "remote" so this runs offline and fast. The cases below mirror
-	// the tag/branch/sha/short-sha ref paths the executor handles, formerly exercised by
-	// cloning actions/checkout and anchore/scan-action over the network.
-	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir))
-
-	workDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("clone", remoteDir, workDir))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "checkout", "-b", "main"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "commit", "--allow-empty", "-m", "initial"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "tag", "v2"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "-u", "origin", "main"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "origin", "v2"))
-
-	// A branch with a dash in the name (mirrors the historical scan-action@act-fails case).
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "checkout", "-b", "act-fails"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "commit", "--allow-empty", "-m", "branch-commit"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "origin", "act-fails"))
-
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", workDir, "rev-parse", "main").Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	fullSha := strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
-
 	for name, tt := range map[string]struct {
-		Err error
-		Ref string
+		Err      error
+		URL, Ref string
 	}{
 		"tag": {
 			Err: nil,
+			URL: "https://github.com/actions/checkout",
 			Ref: "v2",
 		},
 		"branch": {
 			Err: nil,
+			URL: "https://github.com/anchore/scan-action",
 			Ref: "act-fails",
 		},
 		"sha": {
 			Err: nil,
-			Ref: fullSha,
+			URL: "https://github.com/actions/checkout",
+			Ref: "5a4ac9002d0be2fb38bd78e4b4dbde5606d7042f", // v2
 		},
 		"short-sha": {
-			Err: &Error{ErrShortRef, fullSha},
-			Ref: fullSha[:7],
+			Err: &Error{ErrShortRef, "5a4ac9002d0be2fb38bd78e4b4dbde5606d7042f"},
+			URL: "https://github.com/actions/checkout",
+			Ref: "5a4ac90", // v2
 		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			clone := NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-				URL: remoteDir,
+				URL: tt.URL,
 				Ref: tt.Ref,
-				Dir: t.TempDir(),
+				Dir: testDir(t),
 			})
 
 			err := clone(context.Background())
@@ -240,6 +228,8 @@ func TestGitCloneExecutorNonFastForwardRef(t *testing.T) {
 	// non-fast-forward between two fetches. Before the fix, the fetch used Force=false,
 	// causing go-git to return ErrForceNeeded and short-circuit the checkout.
 
+	gitConfig()
+
 	// Create a bare "remote" repo with an initial commit on main and a feature branch.
 	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
 	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir))
@@ -289,67 +279,22 @@ func TestGitCloneExecutorNonFastForwardRef(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "second", strings.TrimSpace(string(out)), "working tree should be at the latest commit")
 }
 
-func TestGitCloneExecutorOfflineMode(t *testing.T) {
-	// Build a local "remote" with a single commit on main.
-	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir))
-	workDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("clone", remoteDir, workDir))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "checkout", "-b", "main"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "commit", "--allow-empty", "-m", "initial"))
-	require.NoError(t, gitCmd("-C", workDir, "push", "-u", "origin", "main"))
-
-	// Prime the cache with an online clone of main.
-	cacheDir := t.TempDir()
-	require.NoError(t, NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-		URL: remoteDir,
-		Ref: "main",
-		Dir: cacheDir,
-	})(context.Background()))
-
-	t.Run("cached branch resolves without fetching", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// Offline reuse of a cached branch must succeed even though ResolveRevision(input.Ref)
-		// finds no local refs/heads/<ref>.
-		err := NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-			URL:         remoteDir,
-			Ref:         "main",
-			Dir:         cacheDir,
-			OfflineMode: true,
-		})(context.Background())
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-
-		out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", cacheDir, "log", "--oneline", "-1", "--format=%s").Output()
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.Equal(t, "initial", strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
-	})
-
-	t.Run("unresolvable cached ref returns error", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// The ref was never cached; offline mode cannot resolve it and must return an error.
-		err := NewGitCloneExecutor(NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-			URL:         remoteDir,
-			Ref:         "never-fetched",
-			Dir:         cacheDir,
-			OfflineMode: true,
-		})(context.Background())
-		require.Error(t, err)
-	})
+func gitConfig() {
+	if os.Getenv("GITHUB_ACTIONS") == "true" {
+		var err error
+		if err = gitCmd("config", "--global", "user.email", "test@test.com"); err != nil {
+			log.Error(err)
+		}
+		if err = gitCmd("config", "--global", "user.name", "Unit Test"); err != nil {
+			log.Error(err)
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 func gitCmd(args ...string) error {
 	cmd := exec.Command("git", args...)
 	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
 	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
-	// Inject a deterministic identity and ignore the host's global/system config so commits
-	// succeed regardless of the host having no user.name/user.email (e.g. CI, GITHUB_ACTIONS
-	// unset) or a global commit.gpgsign, and without mutating the developer's ~/.gitconfig.
-	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(),
-		"GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=Unit Test",
-		"GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=test@test.com",
-		"GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=Unit Test",
-		"GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=test@test.com",
-		"GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL=/dev/null",
-		"GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM=/dev/null",
-	)
 
 	err := cmd.Run()
 	if exitError, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok {

act/container/container_types.go

@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ type NewContainerInput struct {
 	// Gitea specific
 	AutoRemove   bool
 	ValidVolumes []string
-	AllocatePTY  bool // allocate a pseudo-TTY for the container's exec processes
 }
 
 // FileEntry is a file to copy to a container

act/container/docker_auth.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/distribution/reference"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/config"
+	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/config/credentials"
 	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/registry"
 )
 
@@ -25,6 +26,10 @@ func LoadDockerAuthConfig(ctx context.Context, image string) (registry.AuthConfi
 		logger.Warnf("Could not load docker config: %v", err)
 		return registry.AuthConfig{}, err
 	}
+	if !cfg.ContainsAuth() {
+		cfg.CredentialsStore = credentials.DetectDefaultStore(cfg.CredentialsStore)
+	}
+
 	registryKey := registryAuthConfigKey("docker.io")
 	if image != "" {
 		if registryRef, refErr := reference.ParseNormalizedNamed(image); refErr != nil {
@@ -50,6 +55,10 @@ func LoadDockerAuthConfigs(ctx context.Context) map[string]registry.AuthConfig {
 		logger.Warnf("Could not load docker config: %v", err)
 		return nil
 	}
+	if !cfg.ContainsAuth() {
+		cfg.CredentialsStore = credentials.DetectDefaultStore(cfg.CredentialsStore)
+	}
+
 	creds, err := cfg.GetAllCredentials()
 	if err != nil {
 		logger.Warnf("Could not get docker auth configs: %v", err)

act/container/docker_images_test.go

@@ -6,64 +6,66 @@ package container
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"os"
-	"os/exec"
-	"strings"
+	"io"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/moby/moby/client"
+	specs "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
 func init() {
 	log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
 }
 
-// buildScratchImage builds a tiny empty image for the given platform locally (FROM scratch, no
-// network or emulation since there is nothing to run) and returns its tag, removing it after
-// the test.
-func buildScratchImage(t *testing.T, platform string) string {
-	t.Helper()
-	tag := fmt.Sprintf("act-test-exists-%s:latest", strings.TrimPrefix(platform, "linux/"))
-	cmd := exec.Command("docker", "build", "--platform", platform, "-t", tag, "-")
-	cmd.Stdin = strings.NewReader("FROM scratch\nLABEL act-test=1\n")
-	// Force BuildKit: it records the requested architecture in the image config for a
-	// FROM-scratch build, whereas the classic builder ignores --platform and tags it with the
-	// host arch, which would break the per-platform existence assertions below.
-	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), "DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1")
-	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
-	require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
-	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = exec.Command("docker", "rmi", "-f", tag).Run() })
-	return tag
-}
-
 func TestImageExistsLocally(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	ctx := context.Background()
+	// to help make this test reliable and not flaky, we need to have
+	// an image that will exist, and onew that won't exist
 
-	// a non-existent image is reported absent
-	missing, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "library/alpine:this-random-tag-will-never-exist", "linux/amd64")
+	// Test if image exists with specific tag
+	invalidImageTag, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "library/alpine:this-random-tag-will-never-exist", "linux/amd64")
 	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
-	assert.False(t, missing)
+	assert.False(t, invalidImageTag)
 
-	// Build tiny images for two architectures locally so per-platform existence can be checked
-	// offline (formerly pulled node:24-bookworm-slim for amd64 and arm64 over the network).
-	amd64Ref := buildScratchImage(t, "linux/amd64")
-	arm64Ref := buildScratchImage(t, "linux/arm64")
-
-	amd64Exists, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, amd64Ref, "linux/amd64")
+	// Test if image exists with specific architecture (image platform)
+	invalidImagePlatform, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "alpine:latest", "windows/amd64")
 	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
-	assert.True(t, amd64Exists)
+	assert.False(t, invalidImagePlatform)
 
-	// a non-host architecture image is detected for its own architecture
-	arm64Exists, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, arm64Ref, "linux/arm64")
+	// pull an image
+	cli, err := client.New(client.FromEnv)
 	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
-	assert.True(t, arm64Exists)
+	defer cli.Close()
 
-	// a present image is reported absent for a different platform
-	wrongPlatform, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, amd64Ref, "linux/arm64")
+	// Chose alpine latest because it's so small
+	// maybe we should build an image instead so that tests aren't reliable on dockerhub
+	readerDefault, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "node:24-bookworm-slim", client.ImagePullOptions{
+		Platforms: []specs.Platform{{OS: "linux", Architecture: "amd64"}},
+	})
 	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
-	assert.False(t, wrongPlatform)
+	defer readerDefault.Close()
+	_, err = io.ReadAll(readerDefault)
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	imageDefaultArchExists, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "node:24-bookworm-slim", "linux/amd64")
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.True(t, imageDefaultArchExists)
+
+	// Validate if another architecture platform can be pulled
+	readerArm64, err := cli.ImagePull(ctx, "node:24-bookworm-slim", client.ImagePullOptions{
+		Platforms: []specs.Platform{{OS: "linux", Architecture: "arm64"}},
+	})
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	defer readerArm64.Close()
+	_, err = io.ReadAll(readerArm64)
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+
+	imageArm64Exists, err := ImageExistsLocally(ctx, "node:24-bookworm-slim", "linux/arm64")
+	assert.NoError(t, err) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+	assert.True(t, imageArm64Exists)
 }

act/container/docker_pull_test.go

@@ -40,9 +40,6 @@ func TestCleanImage(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetImagePullOptions(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
-	orig := config.Dir()
-	t.Cleanup(func() { config.SetDir(orig) })
-
 	config.SetDir("/non-existent/docker")
 
 	options, err := getImagePullOptions(ctx, NewDockerPullExecutorInput{})

act/container/docker_run.go

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
-	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ import (
 
 	"dario.cat/mergo"
 	"github.com/Masterminds/semver"
-	cerrdefs "github.com/containerd/errdefs"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/compose/loader"
 	"github.com/docker/cli/cli/connhelper"
 	"github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5/helper/polyfill"
@@ -43,6 +41,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/moby/moby/client"
 	specs "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
+	"golang.org/x/term"
 )
 
 // NewContainer creates a reference to a container
@@ -153,8 +152,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) Copy(destPath string, files ...*FileEntry) common.
 func (cr *containerReference) CopyDir(destPath, srcPath string, useGitIgnore bool) common.Executor {
 	return common.NewPipelineExecutor(
 		common.NewInfoExecutor("docker cp src=%s dst=%s", srcPath, destPath),
-		cr.connect(),
-		cr.find(),
 		cr.copyDir(destPath, srcPath, useGitIgnore),
 		func(ctx context.Context) error {
 			// If this fails, then folders have wrong permissions on non root container
@@ -170,16 +167,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) GetContainerArchive(ctx context.Context, srcPath s
 	if common.Dryrun(ctx) {
 		return nil, errors.New("DRYRUN is not supported in GetContainerArchive")
 	}
-	// Direct entry point (no pipeline) — revalidate cr.id ourselves.
-	if err := cr.connect()(ctx); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if err := cr.find()(ctx); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if cr.id == "" {
-		return nil, cr.missingContainerError("get archive %s", srcPath)
-	}
 	result, err := cr.cli.CopyFromContainer(ctx, cr.id, client.CopyFromContainerOptions{SourcePath: srcPath})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -327,22 +314,10 @@ func (cr *containerReference) Close() common.Executor {
 	}
 }
 
-// missingContainerError is the shared "container X does not exist" error
-// used by ops that need a live cr.id.
-func (cr *containerReference) missingContainerError(format string, args ...any) error {
-	return fmt.Errorf("container %q does not exist; cannot "+format, append([]any{cr.input.Name}, args...)...)
-}
-
 func (cr *containerReference) find() common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		if cr.id != "" {
-			// Validate cached id; clear only on definitive NotFound so a
-			// transient daemon error doesn't abort cleanup pipelines.
-			_, err := cr.cli.ContainerInspect(ctx, cr.id, client.ContainerInspectOptions{})
-			if !cerrdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
-				return nil
-			}
-			cr.id = ""
+			return nil
 		}
 		containers, err := cr.cli.ContainerList(ctx, client.ContainerListOptions{
 			All: true,
@@ -360,6 +335,7 @@ func (cr *containerReference) find() common.Executor {
 			}
 		}
 
+		cr.id = ""
 		return nil
 	}
 }
@@ -474,6 +450,7 @@ func (cr *containerReference) create(capAdd, capDrop []string) common.Executor {
 			return nil
 		}
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
+		isTerminal := term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stdout.Fd()))
 		input := cr.input
 		exposedPorts, err := convertPortSet(input.ExposedPorts)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -489,7 +466,7 @@ func (cr *containerReference) create(capAdd, capDrop []string) common.Executor {
 			WorkingDir:   input.WorkingDir,
 			Env:          input.Env,
 			ExposedPorts: exposedPorts,
-			Tty:          input.AllocatePTY,
+			Tty:          isTerminal,
 		}
 		// For Gitea, reduce log noise
 		// logger.Debugf("Common container.Config ==> %+v", config)
@@ -616,9 +593,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) extractFromImageEnv(env *map[string]string) common
 
 func (cr *containerReference) exec(cmd []string, env map[string]string, user, workdir string) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		if cr.id == "" {
-			return cr.missingContainerError("exec %v", cmd)
-		}
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 		// Fix slashes when running on Windows
 		if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
@@ -630,7 +604,7 @@ func (cr *containerReference) exec(cmd []string, env map[string]string, user, wo
 		}
 
 		logger.Debugf("Exec command '%s'", cmd)
-		isTerminal := cr.input.AllocatePTY
+		isTerminal := term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stdout.Fd()))
 		envList := make([]string, 0)
 		for k, v := range env {
 			envList = append(envList, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", k, v))
@@ -773,9 +747,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) waitForCommand(ctx context.Context, isTerminal boo
 }
 
 func (cr *containerReference) CopyTarStream(ctx context.Context, destPath string, tarStream io.Reader) error {
-	if cr.id == "" {
-		return cr.missingContainerError("copy to %s", destPath)
-	}
 	// Mkdir
 	buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
 	tw := tar.NewWriter(buf)
@@ -809,9 +780,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) CopyTarStream(ctx context.Context, destPath string
 
 func (cr *containerReference) copyDir(dstPath, srcPath string, useGitIgnore bool) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		if cr.id == "" {
-			return cr.missingContainerError("copy directory to %s", dstPath)
-		}
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 		tarFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "act")
 		if err != nil {
@@ -886,9 +854,6 @@ func (cr *containerReference) copyDir(dstPath, srcPath string, useGitIgnore bool
 
 func (cr *containerReference) copyContent(dstPath string, files ...*FileEntry) common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		if cr.id == "" {
-			return cr.missingContainerError("copy to %s", dstPath)
-		}
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 		var buf bytes.Buffer
 		tw := tar.NewWriter(&buf)
@@ -934,7 +899,7 @@ func (cr *containerReference) attach() common.Executor {
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to attach to container: %w", err)
 		}
-		isTerminal := cr.input.AllocatePTY
+		isTerminal := term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stdout.Fd()))
 
 		var outWriter io.Writer
 		outWriter = cr.input.Stdout
@@ -1005,7 +970,22 @@ func (cr *containerReference) sanitizeConfig(ctx context.Context, config *contai
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 
 	if len(cr.input.ValidVolumes) > 0 {
-		matcher := newValidVolumeMatcher(ctx, cr.input.ValidVolumes)
+		globs := make([]glob.Glob, 0, len(cr.input.ValidVolumes))
+		for _, v := range cr.input.ValidVolumes {
+			if g, err := glob.Compile(v); err != nil {
+				logger.Errorf("create glob from %s error: %v", v, err)
+			} else {
+				globs = append(globs, g)
+			}
+		}
+		isValid := func(v string) bool {
+			for _, g := range globs {
+				if g.Match(v) {
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+			return false
+		}
 		// sanitize binds
 		sanitizedBinds := make([]string, 0, len(hostConfig.Binds))
 		for _, bind := range hostConfig.Binds {
@@ -1019,7 +999,7 @@ func (cr *containerReference) sanitizeConfig(ctx context.Context, config *contai
 				sanitizedBinds = append(sanitizedBinds, bind)
 				continue
 			}
-			if matcher.isValid(parsed.Source, mount.Type(parsed.Type)) {
+			if isValid(parsed.Source) {
 				sanitizedBinds = append(sanitizedBinds, bind)
 			} else {
 				logger.Warnf("[%s] is not a valid volume, will be ignored", parsed.Source)
@@ -1029,7 +1009,7 @@ func (cr *containerReference) sanitizeConfig(ctx context.Context, config *contai
 		// sanitize mounts
 		sanitizedMounts := make([]mount.Mount, 0, len(hostConfig.Mounts))
 		for _, mt := range hostConfig.Mounts {
-			if matcher.isValid(mt.Source, mt.Type) {
+			if isValid(mt.Source) {
 				sanitizedMounts = append(sanitizedMounts, mt)
 			} else {
 				logger.Warnf("[%s] is not a valid volume, will be ignored", mt.Source)
@@ -1043,129 +1023,3 @@ func (cr *containerReference) sanitizeConfig(ctx context.Context, config *contai
 
 	return config, hostConfig
 }
-
-type validVolumeMatcher struct {
-	allowAll bool
-	named    []glob.Glob
-	host     []glob.Glob
-}
-
-func newValidVolumeMatcher(ctx context.Context, validVolumes []string) validVolumeMatcher {
-	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-	ret := validVolumeMatcher{
-		named: make([]glob.Glob, 0, len(validVolumes)),
-		host:  make([]glob.Glob, 0, len(validVolumes)),
-	}
-
-	for _, v := range validVolumes {
-		if v == "**" {
-			ret.allowAll = true
-			continue
-		}
-		if !isHostVolumePattern(v) {
-			if g, err := glob.Compile(v); err != nil {
-				logger.Errorf("create glob from %s error: %v", v, err)
-			} else {
-				ret.named = append(ret.named, g)
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		normalized, err := normalizeHostVolumePath(v)
-		if err != nil {
-			logger.Errorf("normalize volume pattern %s error: %v", v, err)
-			continue
-		}
-		if g, err := glob.Compile(normalized); err != nil {
-			logger.Errorf("create glob from %s error: %v", normalized, err)
-		} else {
-			ret.host = append(ret.host, g)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return ret
-}
-
-func (m validVolumeMatcher) isValid(source string, sourceType mount.Type) bool {
-	if m.allowAll {
-		return true
-	}
-	if isHostVolumeSource(source, sourceType) {
-		normalized, err := normalizeHostVolumePath(source)
-		if err != nil {
-			return false
-		}
-		for _, g := range m.host {
-			if g.Match(normalized) {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, g := range m.named {
-		if g.Match(source) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func isHostVolumePattern(pattern string) bool {
-	return filepath.IsAbs(pattern) ||
-		strings.HasPrefix(pattern, "."+string(filepath.Separator)) ||
-		strings.HasPrefix(pattern, ".."+string(filepath.Separator)) ||
-		strings.Contains(pattern, "/") ||
-		strings.Contains(pattern, `\`)
-}
-
-func isHostVolumeSource(source string, sourceType mount.Type) bool {
-	if sourceType == mount.TypeBind {
-		return true
-	}
-	if sourceType == mount.TypeVolume {
-		return false
-	}
-	return isHostVolumePattern(source)
-}
-
-func normalizeHostVolumePath(path string) (string, error) {
-	abs, err := filepath.Abs(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	return evalSymlinksExistingPrefix(abs)
-}
-
-func evalSymlinksExistingPrefix(path string) (string, error) {
-	resolved, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(path)
-	if err == nil {
-		return filepath.Clean(resolved), nil
-	}
-	if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
-	current := path
-	var missing []string
-	for {
-		_, err := os.Lstat(current)
-		if err == nil {
-			resolved, err := filepath.EvalSymlinks(current)
-			if err != nil {
-				return "", err
-			}
-			for _, name := range slices.Backward(missing) {
-				resolved = filepath.Join(resolved, name)
-			}
-			return filepath.Clean(resolved), nil
-		}
-		if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-			return "", err
-		}
-		parent := filepath.Dir(current)
-		if parent == current {
-			return filepath.Clean(path), nil
-		}
-		missing = append(missing, filepath.Base(current))
-		current = parent
-	}
-}

act/container/docker_run_test.go

@@ -11,15 +11,12 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"io"
 	"net"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
 
-	cerrdefs "github.com/containerd/errdefs"
 	"github.com/moby/moby/api/types/container"
 	mobyclient "github.com/moby/moby/client"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus/hooks/test"
@@ -29,10 +26,14 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestDocker(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	client, err := GetDockerClient(ctx)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Skipf("skipping integration test: %v", err)
+	}
 	defer client.Close()
 
 	dockerBuild := NewDockerBuildExecutor(NewDockerBuildExecutorInput{
@@ -99,16 +100,6 @@ func (m *mockDockerClient) CopyToContainer(ctx context.Context, id string, optio
 	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult), args.Error(1)
 }
 
-func (m *mockDockerClient) ContainerInspect(ctx context.Context, id string, opts mobyclient.ContainerInspectOptions) (mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, id, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
-func (m *mockDockerClient) ContainerList(ctx context.Context, opts mobyclient.ContainerListOptions) (mobyclient.ContainerListResult, error) {
-	args := m.Called(ctx, opts)
-	return args.Get(0).(mobyclient.ContainerListResult), args.Error(1)
-}
-
 type endlessReader struct {
 	io.Reader
 }
@@ -309,134 +300,6 @@ func TestDockerCopyTarStreamErrorInMkdir(t *testing.T) {
 	client.AssertExpectations(t)
 }
 
-// find() must drop a stale cached id so later Copy/Exec don't hit the
-// daemon with a torn-down container.
-func TestFindRevalidatesStaleID(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	notFound := cerrdefs.ErrNotFound.WithMessage("No such container")
-	boom := errors.New("daemon unreachable")
-	newCR := func(id string) (*containerReference, *mockDockerClient) {
-		client := &mockDockerClient{}
-		return &containerReference{id: id, cli: client, input: &NewContainerInput{Name: "job-1"}}, client
-	}
-	listOpts := mobyclient.ContainerListOptions{All: true}
-	inspectOpts := mobyclient.ContainerInspectOptions{}
-
-	t.Run("stale id cleared, name lookup empty", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("stale")
-		client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "stale", inspectOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, notFound)
-		client.On("ContainerList", ctx, listOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{}, nil)
-		require.NoError(t, cr.find()(ctx))
-		assert.Empty(t, cr.id)
-		client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("stale id cleared, name lookup repopulates", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("stale")
-		client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "stale", inspectOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, notFound)
-		client.On("ContainerList", ctx, listOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{Items: []container.Summary{
-			{ID: "other", Names: []string{"/somebody-else"}},
-			{ID: "fresh", Names: []string{"/job-1"}},
-		}}, nil)
-		require.NoError(t, cr.find()(ctx))
-		assert.Equal(t, "fresh", cr.id)
-		client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("live id kept", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("live")
-		client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "live", inspectOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, nil)
-		require.NoError(t, cr.find()(ctx))
-		assert.Equal(t, "live", cr.id)
-		client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("transient inspect error trusts cache", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("live")
-		client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "live", inspectOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, boom)
-		require.NoError(t, cr.find()(ctx))
-		assert.Equal(t, "live", cr.id)
-		client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("list error propagates", func(t *testing.T) {
-		cr, client := newCR("")
-		client.On("ContainerList", ctx, listOpts).Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{}, boom)
-		require.ErrorIs(t, cr.find()(ctx), boom)
-		client.AssertExpectations(t)
-	})
-}
-
-// Every daemon entry point fails fast with a clear, container-named
-// error when no live cr.id is known.
-func TestRejectsMissingContainer(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	client := &mockDockerClient{}
-	client.On("ContainerList", ctx, mobyclient.ContainerListOptions{All: true}).Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{}, nil)
-	cr := &containerReference{cli: client, input: &NewContainerInput{Name: "job-1"}}
-	check := func(op string, err error) {
-		t.Helper()
-		require.Error(t, err, op)
-		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), `container "job-1" does not exist`, op)
-	}
-	check("copyContent", cr.copyContent("/var/run/act", &FileEntry{Name: "x", Mode: 0o644})(ctx))
-	check("copyDir", cr.copyDir("/var/run/act", "/src", false)(ctx))
-	check("CopyTarStream", cr.CopyTarStream(ctx, "/var/run/act", &bytes.Buffer{}))
-	check("exec", cr.exec([]string{"echo"}, nil, "", "")(ctx))
-	_, err := cr.GetContainerArchive(ctx, "/var/run/act/x")
-	check("GetContainerArchive", err)
-}
-
-// End-to-end: a stale cr.id is cleared, repopulated from name lookup,
-// and the Copy completes against the fresh id.
-func TestPublicCopyPipelineHandlesStaleID(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	client := &mockDockerClient{}
-	client.On("ContainerInspect", ctx, "stale", mobyclient.ContainerInspectOptions{}).
-		Return(mobyclient.ContainerInspectResult{}, cerrdefs.ErrNotFound.WithMessage("gone"))
-	client.On("ContainerList", ctx, mobyclient.ContainerListOptions{All: true}).
-		Return(mobyclient.ContainerListResult{Items: []container.Summary{
-			{ID: "fresh", Names: []string{"/job-1"}},
-		}}, nil)
-	client.On("CopyToContainer", ctx, "fresh", mock.MatchedBy(func(opts mobyclient.CopyToContainerOptions) bool {
-		return opts.DestinationPath == "/var/run/act"
-	})).Return(mobyclient.CopyToContainerResult{}, nil)
-
-	cr := &containerReference{id: "stale", cli: client, input: &NewContainerInput{Name: "job-1"}}
-	require.NoError(t, cr.Copy("/var/run/act", &FileEntry{Name: "x", Mode: 0o644})(ctx))
-	assert.Equal(t, "fresh", cr.id)
-	client.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
-// TestDockerCopyToSymlinkPath is a regression test for gitea/runner#981. Most base images
-// symlink /var/run to /run, so copying into /var/run/act traverses that symlink. The broken
-// docker 29.5.1 daemon fails the extraction with "mkdirat var/run: file exists" (fixed in
-// 29.5.2). Running against the daemon shipped in the dind image, this catches a bad bump.
-func TestDockerCopyToSymlinkPath(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	rc := NewContainer(&NewContainerInput{
-		Image:      "alpine:latest",
-		Entrypoint: []string{"sleep", "30"},
-		Name:       "act-test-symlink-" + time.Now().Format("20060102150405.000000"),
-		AutoRemove: true,
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, rc.Pull(false)(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, rc.Create(nil, nil)(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, rc.Start(false)(ctx))
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		_ = rc.Remove()(ctx)
-		_ = rc.Close()(ctx)
-	})
-
-	// CopyTarStream first creates the destination directory by extracting a tar at "/",
-	// which makes the daemon mkdir var, then var/run (the symlink), then act — the exact
-	// step that fails on the broken daemon.
-	err := rc.CopyTarStream(ctx, "/var/run/act", &bytes.Buffer{})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-}
-
 // Type assert containerReference implements ExecutionsEnvironment
 var _ ExecutionsEnvironment = &containerReference{}
 
@@ -512,40 +375,3 @@ func TestCheckVolumes(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
-
-func TestCheckVolumesRejectsEscapingHostPaths(t *testing.T) {
-	logger, _ := test.NewNullLogger()
-	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logger)
-
-	base := t.TempDir()
-	allowed := filepath.Join(base, "allowed")
-	denied := filepath.Join(base, "denied")
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(allowed, 0o700))
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(denied, 0o700))
-
-	cr := &containerReference{
-		input: &NewContainerInput{
-			ValidVolumes: []string{filepath.Join(allowed, "**")},
-		},
-	}
-
-	escapingPath := allowed + string(filepath.Separator) + ".." + string(filepath.Separator) + "denied"
-	_, hostConf := cr.sanitizeConfig(ctx, &container.Config{}, &container.HostConfig{
-		Binds: []string{escapingPath + ":/mnt"},
-	})
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConf.Binds)
-
-	linkPath := filepath.Join(allowed, "link")
-	if err := os.Symlink(denied, linkPath); err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("cannot create symlink: %v", err)
-	}
-	_, hostConf = cr.sanitizeConfig(ctx, &container.Config{}, &container.HostConfig{
-		Binds: []string{linkPath + ":/mnt"},
-	})
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConf.Binds)
-
-	_, hostConf = cr.sanitizeConfig(ctx, &container.Config{}, &container.HostConfig{
-		Binds: []string{filepath.Join(linkPath, "missing") + ":/mnt"},
-	})
-	assert.Empty(t, hostConf.Binds)
-}

act/container/docker_socket_test.go

@@ -18,19 +18,9 @@ func init() {
 
 var originalCommonSocketLocations = CommonSocketLocations
 
-func isolateSocketEnv(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Helper()
-	t.Cleanup(func() { CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations })
-	if host, ok := os.LookupEnv("DOCKER_HOST"); ok {
-		t.Setenv("DOCKER_HOST", host)
-	} else {
-		t.Cleanup(func() { os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST") })
-	}
-}
-
 func TestGetSocketAndHostWithSocket(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
+	CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations
 	dockerHost := "unix:///my/docker/host.sock"
 	socketURI := "/path/to/my.socket"
 	t.Setenv("DOCKER_HOST", dockerHost)
@@ -58,9 +48,9 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostNoSocket(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestGetSocketAndHostOnlySocket(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
 	socketURI := "/path/to/my.socket"
 	os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST")
+	CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations
 	defaultSocket, defaultSocketFound := socketLocation()
 
 	// Act
@@ -75,7 +65,7 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostOnlySocket(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestGetSocketAndHostDontMount(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
+	CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations
 	dockerHost := "unix:///my/docker/host.sock"
 	t.Setenv("DOCKER_HOST", dockerHost)
 
@@ -89,7 +79,7 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostDontMount(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostNoSocket(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
+	CommonSocketLocations = originalCommonSocketLocations
 	os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST")
 	defaultSocket, found := socketLocation()
 
@@ -107,7 +97,6 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostNoSocket(t *testing.T) {
 // > This happens if neither DOCKER_HOST nor --container-daemon-socket has a value, but socketLocation() returns a URI
 func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostNoSocketDefaultLocation(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
 	mySocketFile, tmpErr := os.CreateTemp(t.TempDir(), "act-*.sock")
 	mySocket := mySocketFile.Name()
 	unixSocket := "unix://" + mySocket
@@ -130,7 +119,6 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostNoSocketDefaultLocation(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostInvalidSocket(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
 	os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST")
 	mySocket := "/my/socket/path.sock"
 	CommonSocketLocations = []string{"/unusual", "/socket", "/location"}
@@ -148,7 +136,6 @@ func TestGetSocketAndHostNoHostInvalidSocket(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestGetSocketAndHostOnlySocketValidButUnusualLocation(t *testing.T) {
 	// Arrange
-	isolateSocketEnv(t)
 	socketURI := "unix:///path/to/my.socket"
 	CommonSocketLocations = []string{"/unusual", "/location"}
 	os.Unsetenv("DOCKER_HOST")

act/container/helpers_test.go

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package container
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"testing"
-
-	mobyclient "github.com/moby/moby/client"
-)
-
-// requireDocker skips the test unless a reachable docker daemon is available.
-// GetDockerClient succeeds even without a running daemon (its ping is best-effort),
-// so the daemon has to be pinged explicitly here to decide whether to skip.
-func requireDocker(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Helper()
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	cli, err := GetDockerClient(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("skipping: docker client unavailable: %v", err)
-	}
-	defer cli.Close()
-	if _, err := cli.Ping(ctx, mobyclient.PingOptions{}); err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("skipping: docker daemon unreachable: %v", err)
-	}
-}

act/container/host_environment.go

@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@ import (
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
-	"sync/atomic"
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
@@ -35,13 +36,15 @@ type HostEnvironment struct {
 	TmpDir    string
 	ToolCache string
 	Workdir   string
-	// CleanWorkdir means teardown owns Workdir and may delete it. Leave false
-	// when Workdir points at a caller-owned checkout (e.g. `act` local mode).
-	CleanWorkdir bool
-	ActPath      string
-	CleanUp      func()
-	StdOut       io.Writer
-	AllocatePTY  bool // allocate a pseudo-TTY for each step's process
+	// BindWorkdir is true when the app runner mounts the workspace on the host and
+	// deletes the task directory after the job; host teardown must not remove Workdir.
+	BindWorkdir bool
+	ActPath     string
+	CleanUp     func()
+	StdOut      io.Writer
+
+	mu          sync.Mutex
+	runningPIDs map[int]struct{}
 }
 
 func (e *HostEnvironment) Create(_, _ []string) common.Executor {
@@ -197,12 +200,12 @@ func (e *HostEnvironment) Start(_ bool) common.Executor {
 
 type ptyWriter struct {
 	Out       io.Writer
-	AutoStop  atomic.Bool
+	AutoStop  bool
 	dirtyLine bool
 }
 
 func (w *ptyWriter) Write(buf []byte) (int, error) {
-	if w.AutoStop.Load() && len(buf) > 0 && buf[len(buf)-1] == 4 {
+	if w.AutoStop && len(buf) > 0 && buf[len(buf)-1] == 4 {
 		n, err := w.Out.Write(buf[:len(buf)-1])
 		if err != nil {
 			return n, err
@@ -332,25 +335,41 @@ func (e *HostEnvironment) exec(ctx context.Context, command []string, cmdline st
 			tty.Close()
 		}
 	}()
-	if e.AllocatePTY {
+	if true /* allocate Terminal */ {
 		var err error
 		ppty, tty, err = setupPty(cmd, cmdline)
 		if err != nil {
 			common.Logger(ctx).Debugf("Failed to setup Pty %v\n", err.Error())
 		}
 	}
-	var writer *ptyWriter
-	var logctx context.Context
+	writer := &ptyWriter{Out: e.StdOut}
+	logctx, finishLog := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	if ppty != nil {
-		writer = &ptyWriter{Out: e.StdOut}
-		var finishLog context.CancelFunc
-		logctx, finishLog = context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 		go copyPtyOutput(writer, ppty, finishLog)
+	} else {
+		finishLog()
+	}
+	if ppty != nil {
 		go writeKeepAlive(ppty)
 	}
+	// Split Start/Wait so the PID can be registered before the process can exit;
+	// cmd.Run() would block until exit, by which time the PID may have been reused.
 	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	if cmd.Process != nil {
+		e.mu.Lock()
+		if e.runningPIDs == nil {
+			e.runningPIDs = map[int]struct{}{}
+		}
+		e.runningPIDs[cmd.Process.Pid] = struct{}{}
+		e.mu.Unlock()
+		defer func(pid int) {
+			e.mu.Lock()
+			delete(e.runningPIDs, pid)
+			e.mu.Unlock()
+		}(cmd.Process.Pid)
+	}
 	err = cmd.Wait()
 	if err != nil {
 		var exitErr *exec.ExitError
@@ -360,11 +379,14 @@ func (e *HostEnvironment) exec(ctx context.Context, command []string, cmdline st
 		return err
 	}
 	if tty != nil {
-		writer.AutoStop.Store(true)
+		writer.AutoStop = true
 		if _, err := tty.WriteString("\x04"); err != nil {
 			common.Logger(ctx).Debug("Failed to write EOT")
 		}
-		<-logctx.Done()
+	}
+	<-logctx.Done()
+
+	if ppty != nil {
 		ppty.Close()
 		ppty = nil
 	}
@@ -420,80 +442,30 @@ func removePathWithRetry(ctx context.Context, path string) error {
 	return lastErr
 }
 
-// buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript builds a PowerShell command that `taskkill
-// /T /F`s every process tree whose ExecutablePath or CommandLine references one
-// of the given absolute workspace dirs, releasing file handles for cleanup.
-//
-// Win32_Process is used because it exposes both ExecutablePath and CommandLine
-// (Get-Process doesn't, wmic is deprecated). Both match the dir+separator
-// prefix, so a sibling dir sharing a name prefix (job1 vs job10) is spared.
-// Ordinal String methods, not -like, so path metacharacters ([ ] ? *) stay
-// literal.
-//
-// Pure function so the quote-escaping can be unit-tested without PowerShell.
-func buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript(dirs []string) string {
-	quoted := make([]string, len(dirs))
-	for i, d := range dirs {
-		// Single-quoted PowerShell literal; escape ' by doubling it.
-		quoted[i] = "'" + strings.ReplaceAll(d, "'", "''") + "'"
-	}
-
-	return `$paths = @(` + strings.Join(quoted, ",") + `)
-$selfPid = $PID
-Get-CimInstance Win32_Process -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Where-Object {
-    if ($_.ProcessId -eq $selfPid) { return $false }
-    foreach ($p in $paths) {
-        $prefix = $p + '\'
-        if ($_.ExecutablePath -and $_.ExecutablePath.StartsWith($prefix, [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)) { return $true }
-        if ($_.CommandLine -and $_.CommandLine.IndexOf($prefix, [System.StringComparison]::OrdinalIgnoreCase) -ge 0) { return $true }
-    }
-    return $false
-} | ForEach-Object {
-    & taskkill.exe /PID $_.ProcessId /T /F 2>$null | Out-Null
-}
-`
-}
-
 func (e *HostEnvironment) terminateRunningProcesses(ctx context.Context) {
 	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
 		return
 	}
-
-	// Detached: exec.CommandContext won't start on a cancelled ctx, and a
-	// server cancel has already cancelled the parent ctx.
-	killCtx, killCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
-	defer killCancel()
-
-	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
-
-	// Workspace dirs we own. Any process running from or referencing one is a
-	// leftover job process. ToolCache is shared across jobs; Workdir only when
-	// we own it (else it's a caller-provided checkout, e.g. act local mode).
-	owned := []string{e.Path, e.TmpDir}
-	if e.CleanWorkdir {
-		owned = append(owned, e.Workdir)
+	e.mu.Lock()
+	pids := make([]int, 0, len(e.runningPIDs))
+	for pid := range e.runningPIDs {
+		pids = append(pids, pid)
 	}
-	dirs := make([]string, 0, len(owned))
-	for _, d := range owned {
-		if d == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		abs, err := filepath.Abs(d)
-		if err != nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		dirs = append(dirs, abs)
-	}
-	if len(dirs) == 0 {
+	e.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if len(pids) == 0 {
 		return
 	}
 
-	script := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript(dirs)
-
-	cmd := exec.CommandContext(killCtx, "powershell.exe", "-NoProfile", "-NonInteractive", "-Command", script)
-	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
-	if err != nil {
-		logger.Debugf("workspace process-tree kill via PowerShell failed: %v output=%s", err, strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
+	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
+	for _, pid := range pids {
+		// Best-effort: forcibly terminate process tree to release file handles
+		// so that workspace cleanup can succeed on Windows.
+		cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "taskkill", "/PID", strconv.Itoa(pid), "/T", "/F")
+		out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Debugf("taskkill failed for pid=%d: %v output=%s", pid, err, strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -507,20 +479,14 @@ func (e *HostEnvironment) Remove() common.Executor {
 		if e.CleanUp != nil {
 			e.CleanUp()
 		}
-
-		// Detach: a cancelled ctx would skip removePathWithRetry's retries,
-		// which absorb Windows file-handle release lag after the kill above.
-		rmCtx, rmCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
-		defer rmCancel()
-
 		logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 		var errs []error
-		if err := removePathWithRetry(rmCtx, e.Path); err != nil {
+		if err := removePathWithRetry(ctx, e.Path); err != nil {
 			logger.Warnf("failed to remove host misc state %s: %v", e.Path, err)
 			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
-		if e.CleanWorkdir {
-			if err := removePathWithRetry(rmCtx, e.Workdir); err != nil {
+		if !e.BindWorkdir && e.Workdir != "" {
+			if err := removePathWithRetry(ctx, e.Workdir); err != nil {
 				logger.Warnf("failed to remove host workspace %s: %v", e.Workdir, err)
 				errs = append(errs, err)
 			}

act/container/host_environment_test.go

@@ -6,14 +6,12 @@ package container
 
 import (
 	"archive/tar"
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
@@ -102,46 +100,7 @@ func TestHostEnvironmentExecExitCode(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "Process completed with exit code 3.", err.Error())
 }
 
-func TestHostEnvironmentAllocatePTY(t *testing.T) {
-	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
-		t.Skip("uses POSIX shell")
-	}
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		name     string
-		allocPTY bool
-		expect   string
-	}{
-		{name: "off", allocPTY: false, expect: "NOTTY"},
-		{name: "on", allocPTY: true, expect: "TTY"},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			dir := t.TempDir()
-			buf := &bytes.Buffer{}
-			e := &HostEnvironment{
-				Path:        filepath.Join(dir, "path"),
-				TmpDir:      filepath.Join(dir, "tmp"),
-				ToolCache:   filepath.Join(dir, "tool_cache"),
-				ActPath:     filepath.Join(dir, "act_path"),
-				StdOut:      buf,
-				Workdir:     filepath.Join(dir, "path"),
-				AllocatePTY: tc.allocPTY,
-			}
-			for _, p := range []string{e.Path, e.TmpDir, e.ToolCache, e.ActPath} {
-				require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(p, 0o700))
-			}
-
-			err := e.Exec(
-				[]string{"sh", "-c", "[ -t 1 ] && printf TTY || printf NOTTY"},
-				map[string]string{"PATH": os.Getenv("PATH")}, "", "",
-			)(context.Background())
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			got := strings.TrimSpace(strings.ReplaceAll(buf.String(), "\r", ""))
-			assert.Equal(t, tc.expect, got)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestHostEnvironmentRemovePreservesWorkdirByDefault(t *testing.T) {
+func TestHostEnvironmentRemoveCleansWorkdir(t *testing.T) {
 	logger := logrus.New()
 	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logrus.NewEntry(logger))
 	base := t.TempDir()
@@ -152,32 +111,9 @@ func TestHostEnvironmentRemovePreservesWorkdirByDefault(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(workdir, 0o700))
 
 	e := &HostEnvironment{
-		Path:    path,
-		Workdir: workdir,
-		CleanUp: func() {
-			_ = os.RemoveAll(miscRoot)
-		},
-		StdOut: os.Stdout,
-	}
-	require.NoError(t, e.Remove()(ctx))
-	_, err := os.Stat(workdir)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-}
-
-func TestHostEnvironmentRemoveCleansWorkdirWhenOwned(t *testing.T) {
-	logger := logrus.New()
-	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logrus.NewEntry(logger))
-	base := t.TempDir()
-	miscRoot := filepath.Join(base, "misc")
-	path := filepath.Join(miscRoot, "hostexecutor")
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(path, 0o700))
-	workdir := filepath.Join(base, "workspace", "123", "owner", "repo")
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(workdir, 0o700))
-
-	e := &HostEnvironment{
-		Path:         path,
-		Workdir:      workdir,
-		CleanWorkdir: true,
+		Path:        path,
+		Workdir:     workdir,
+		BindWorkdir: false,
 		CleanUp: func() {
 			_ = os.RemoveAll(miscRoot)
 		},
@@ -188,63 +124,26 @@ func TestHostEnvironmentRemoveCleansWorkdirWhenOwned(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.ErrorIs(t, err, os.ErrNotExist)
 }
 
-func TestBuildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("single dir", func(t *testing.T) {
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript([]string{`C:\workspace\job1`})
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `$paths = @('C:\workspace\job1')`)
-		// Self-PID guard is essential — without it the script could taskkill
-		// the PowerShell process running it.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$selfPid = $PID")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$_.ProcessId -eq $selfPid")
-		// Must match both ExecutablePath (binaries from the workspace) and
-		// CommandLine (system binaries invoked with workspace paths in args),
-		// both bounded by dir+separator so a name-prefix sibling is spared.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `$prefix = $p + '\'`)
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$_.ExecutablePath.StartsWith($prefix")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$_.CommandLine.IndexOf($prefix")
-		// Each matched PID must be tree-killed, not just stopped.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "taskkill.exe /PID $_.ProcessId /T /F")
-	})
+func TestHostEnvironmentRemoveSkipsWorkdirWhenBindWorkdir(t *testing.T) {
+	logger := logrus.New()
+	ctx := common.WithLogger(context.Background(), logrus.NewEntry(logger))
+	base := t.TempDir()
+	miscRoot := filepath.Join(base, "misc")
+	path := filepath.Join(miscRoot, "hostexecutor")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(path, 0o700))
+	workdir := filepath.Join(base, "workspace", "123", "owner", "repo")
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(workdir, 0o700))
 
-	t.Run("multiple dirs comma-separated", func(t *testing.T) {
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript([]string{
-			`C:\work\path`,
-			`C:\work\workdir`,
-			`C:\Users\runner\AppData\Local\Temp\job-42`,
-		})
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\path'`)
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\workdir'`)
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\Users\runner\AppData\Local\Temp\job-42'`)
-		// Commas between entries — no trailing comma, no leading comma.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\path','C:\work\workdir',`)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("path with single quote is escaped", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// In PowerShell single-quoted strings the only special char is the
-		// quote itself, escaped by doubling. A workspace path that ever
-		// contained `'` would inject a command into the script otherwise.
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript([]string{`C:\work\it's\path`})
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\it''s\path'`)
-		// And it must NOT appear unescaped — otherwise the quote would
-		// terminate the literal early.
-		assert.NotContains(t, s, `'C:\work\it's\path'`)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("path with wildcard metacharacters is matched literally", func(t *testing.T) {
-		// A path containing [ ] ? * must be embedded verbatim and matched with
-		// ordinal String methods, not -like, otherwise the metacharacters would
-		// be interpreted as wildcards and the leftover process could escape.
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript([]string{`C:\work\[job]?1`})
-		assert.Contains(t, s, `'C:\work\[job]?1'`)
-		assert.NotContains(t, s, "-like")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "StartsWith")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "IndexOf")
-	})
-
-	t.Run("empty dir list still produces a valid script", func(t *testing.T) {
-		s := buildWindowsWorkspaceKillScript(nil)
-		// Empty array literal — script runs, matches nothing, is a no-op.
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "$paths = @()")
-		assert.Contains(t, s, "Get-CimInstance Win32_Process")
-	})
+	e := &HostEnvironment{
+		Path:        path,
+		Workdir:     workdir,
+		BindWorkdir: true,
+		CleanUp: func() {
+			_ = os.RemoveAll(miscRoot)
+		},
+		StdOut: os.Stdout,
+	}
+	require.NoError(t, e.Remove()(ctx))
+	_, err := os.Stat(workdir)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 }

act/container/parse_env_file.go

@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@ func parseEnvFile(e Container, srcPath string, env *map[string]string) common.Ex
 			return err
 		}
 		s := bufio.NewScanner(reader)
-		// Default 64 KiB max token size is too small for realistic env-file lines; allow up to 16 MiB.
-		s.Buffer(make([]byte, 0, 64*1024), 16*1024*1024)
 		for s.Scan() {
 			line := s.Text()
 			singleLineEnv := strings.Index(line, "=")
@@ -52,9 +50,6 @@ func parseEnvFile(e Container, srcPath string, env *map[string]string) common.Ex
 					}
 					multiLineEnvContent += content
 				}
-				if err := s.Err(); err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("reading env file: %w", err)
-				}
 				if !delimiterFound {
 					return fmt.Errorf("invalid format delimiter '%v' not found before end of file", multiLineEnvDelimiter)
 				}
@@ -63,9 +58,6 @@ func parseEnvFile(e Container, srcPath string, env *map[string]string) common.Ex
 				return fmt.Errorf("invalid format '%v', expected a line with '=' or '<<'", line)
 			}
 		}
-		if err := s.Err(); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("reading env file: %w", err)
-		}
 		env = &localEnv
 		return nil
 	}

act/container/parse_env_file_test.go

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package container
-
-import (
-	"bufio"
-	"context"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-)
-
-func newTestHostEnv(t *testing.T) (*HostEnvironment, string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	e := &HostEnvironment{Path: t.TempDir()}
-	return e, filepath.Join(e.Path, "envfile")
-}
-
-func TestParseEnvFileSingleLine(t *testing.T) {
-	e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, []byte("FOO=bar\nBAZ=qux\n"), 0o600))
-
-	env := map[string]string{}
-	require.NoError(t, parseEnvFile(e, envPath, &env)(context.Background()))
-	assert.Equal(t, "bar", env["FOO"])
-	assert.Equal(t, "qux", env["BAZ"])
-}
-
-func TestParseEnvFileMultiLine(t *testing.T) {
-	e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
-	content := "FOO<<EOF\nline1\nline2\nEOF\n"
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, []byte(content), 0o600))
-
-	env := map[string]string{}
-	require.NoError(t, parseEnvFile(e, envPath, &env)(context.Background()))
-	assert.Equal(t, "line1\nline2", env["FOO"])
-}
-
-func TestParseEnvFileLargeValueWithinLimit(t *testing.T) {
-	e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
-	big := strings.Repeat("x", 2*1024*1024)
-	content := "FOO<<EOF\n" + big + "\nEOF\n"
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, []byte(content), 0o600))
-
-	env := map[string]string{}
-	require.NoError(t, parseEnvFile(e, envPath, &env)(context.Background()))
-	assert.Equal(t, big, env["FOO"])
-}
-
-func TestParseEnvFileLineExceedsBufferReportsScannerError(t *testing.T) {
-	e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
-	tooBig := strings.Repeat("x", 17*1024*1024) // over the 16 MiB cap
-	content := "FOO<<EOF\n" + tooBig + "\nEOF\n"
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, []byte(content), 0o600))
-
-	env := map[string]string{}
-	err := parseEnvFile(e, envPath, &env)(context.Background())
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, bufio.ErrTooLong)
-	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "reading env file")
-}
-
-func TestParseEnvFileMissingDelimiter(t *testing.T) {
-	e, envPath := newTestHostEnv(t)
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(envPath, []byte("FOO<<EOF\nline1\nline2\n"), 0o600))
-
-	env := map[string]string{}
-	err := parseEnvFile(e, envPath, &env)(context.Background())
-	require.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "delimiter")
-}

act/lookpath/env.go

@@ -4,6 +4,18 @@
 
 package lookpath
 
+import "os"
+
 type Env interface {
 	Getenv(name string) string
 }
+
+type defaultEnv struct{}
+
+func (*defaultEnv) Getenv(name string) string {
+	return os.Getenv(name)
+}
+
+func LookPath(file string) (string, error) {
+	return LookPath2(file, &defaultEnv{})
+}

act/model/workflow.go

@@ -325,20 +325,14 @@ func (j *Job) Needs() []string {
 
 // RunsOn list for Job
 func (j *Job) RunsOn() []string {
-	return RunsOnFromNode(j.RawRunsOn)
-}
-
-// RunsOnFromNode parses the runs-on labels from a raw runs-on node, so callers can evaluate a
-// copy of the node (avoiding mutation of the shared Job) before reading the labels.
-func RunsOnFromNode(rawRunsOn yaml.Node) []string {
-	switch rawRunsOn.Kind {
+	switch j.RawRunsOn.Kind {
 	case yaml.MappingNode:
 		var val struct {
 			Group  string
 			Labels yaml.Node
 		}
 
-		if !decodeNode(rawRunsOn, &val) {
+		if !decodeNode(j.RawRunsOn, &val) {
 			return nil
 		}
 
@@ -350,7 +344,7 @@ func RunsOnFromNode(rawRunsOn yaml.Node) []string {
 
 		return labels
 	default:
-		return nodeAsStringSlice(rawRunsOn)
+		return nodeAsStringSlice(j.RawRunsOn)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -651,33 +645,6 @@ type Step struct {
 	TimeoutMinutes     string            `yaml:"timeout-minutes"`
 }
 
-// Clone returns a deep copy safe to mutate independently of s. Job steps are shared across
-// parallel matrix runs, which mutate per-job fields (ID, Number, Shell) and evaluate the If/Env
-// yaml.Nodes in place, so each job must own its copy.
-func (s *Step) Clone() *Step {
-	clone := *s
-	clone.If = CloneYamlNode(s.If)
-	clone.Env = CloneYamlNode(s.Env)
-	clone.With = maps.Clone(s.With)
-	return &clone
-}
-
-// CloneYamlNode returns a deep copy of a yaml.Node so callers can evaluate it in place without
-// mutating a node shared across parallel jobs.
-func CloneYamlNode(n yaml.Node) yaml.Node {
-	clone := n
-	if n.Content != nil {
-		clone.Content = make([]*yaml.Node, len(n.Content))
-		for i, child := range n.Content {
-			if child != nil {
-				childClone := CloneYamlNode(*child)
-				clone.Content[i] = &childClone
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return clone
-}
-
 // String gets the name of step
 func (s *Step) String() string {
 	if s.Name != "" {

act/model/workflow_test.go

@@ -9,29 +9,9 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	"go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
 )
 
-// TestStepCloneIsolatesMutableFields guards the parallel-matrix race fix: combinations share the
-// job's *Step, and Clone() must hand each a copy whose If/Env nodes and With map can be mutated
-// independently. A shallow copy would share Env.Content's backing array (and the With map) and
-// leak writes across combinations.
-func TestStepCloneIsolatesMutableFields(t *testing.T) {
-	var orig Step
-	require.NoError(t, yaml.Unmarshal([]byte("if: ${{ env.X == 'a' }}\nenv:\n  KEY: original\nwith:\n  arg: original\n"), &orig))
-	require.Len(t, orig.Env.Content, 2) // [key, value]
-
-	clone := orig.Clone()
-	clone.If.Value = "changed"
-	clone.Env.Content[1].Value = "changed"
-	clone.With["arg"] = "changed"
-
-	assert.Equal(t, "${{ env.X == 'a' }}", orig.If.Value, "If must not be shared with the clone")
-	assert.Equal(t, "original", orig.Env.Content[1].Value, "Env nodes must not be shared with the clone")
-	assert.Equal(t, "original", orig.With["arg"], "With map must not be shared with the clone")
-}
-
 func TestReadWorkflow_ScheduleEvent(t *testing.T) {
 	yaml := `
 name: local-action-docker-url

act/runner/action.go

@@ -455,8 +455,7 @@ func newStepContainer(ctx context.Context, step step, image string, cmd, entrypo
 		Platform:     rc.Config.ContainerArchitecture,
 		Options:      rc.Config.ContainerOptions,
 		AutoRemove:   rc.Config.AutoRemove,
-		ValidVolumes: rc.validVolumes(),
-		AllocatePTY:  rc.Config.AllocatePTY,
+		ValidVolumes: rc.Config.ValidVolumes,
 	})
 	return stepContainer
 }

act/runner/action_cache_offline_mode.go

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2024 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package runner
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"path"
+
+	git "github.com/go-git/go-git/v5"
+	"github.com/go-git/go-git/v5/plumbing"
+)
+
+type GoGitActionCacheOfflineMode struct {
+	Parent GoGitActionCache
+}
+
+func (c GoGitActionCacheOfflineMode) Fetch(ctx context.Context, cacheDir, url, ref, token string) (string, error) {
+	sha, fetchErr := c.Parent.Fetch(ctx, cacheDir, url, ref, token)
+	gitPath := path.Join(c.Parent.Path, safeFilename(cacheDir)+".git")
+	gogitrepo, err := git.PlainOpen(gitPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fetchErr
+	}
+	refName := plumbing.ReferenceName("refs/action-cache-offline/" + ref)
+	r, err := gogitrepo.Reference(refName, true)
+	if fetchErr == nil {
+		if err != nil || sha != r.Hash().String() {
+			if err == nil {
+				refName = r.Name()
+			}
+			ref := plumbing.NewHashReference(refName, plumbing.NewHash(sha))
+			_ = gogitrepo.Storer.SetReference(ref)
+		}
+	} else if err == nil {
+		return r.Hash().String(), nil
+	}
+	return sha, fetchErr
+}
+
+func (c GoGitActionCacheOfflineMode) GetTarArchive(ctx context.Context, cacheDir, sha, includePrefix string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+	return c.Parent.GetTarArchive(ctx, cacheDir, sha, includePrefix)
+}

act/runner/action_cache_test.go

@@ -8,139 +8,64 @@ import (
 	"archive/tar"
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"os"
-	"os/exec"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
 	"testing"
-	"time"
-
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-func runGit(t *testing.T, dir string, args ...string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	if dir != "" {
-		args = append([]string{"-C", dir}, args...)
-	}
-	cmd := exec.Command("git", args...)
-	// Fixed identity and host-config isolation so commits succeed offline regardless of the
-	// host's git config (mirrors gitCmd in act/common/git).
-	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(),
-		"GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=test", "GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=test@example.com",
-		"GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=test", "GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=test@example.com",
-		"GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL=/dev/null", "GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM=/dev/null",
-	)
-	out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
-	require.NoError(t, err, string(out))
-}
-
-// TestShortShaActionRejected verifies a `uses` ref that is a shortened commit SHA is rejected
-// with a clear error. The action is resolved from a local repo (via DefaultActionInstance) so
-// this runs offline.
-func TestShortShaActionRejected(t *testing.T) {
-	// a local "remote" action repo at <root>/actions/hello-world-docker-action
-	actionRoot := t.TempDir()
-	repo := filepath.Join(actionRoot, "actions", "hello-world-docker-action")
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(repo, 0o755))
-	runGit(t, "", "init", "--initial-branch=main", repo)
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(repo, "action.yml"),
-		[]byte("name: hello\nruns:\n  using: node24\n  main: index.js\n"), 0o644))
-	runGit(t, repo, "add", ".")
-	runGit(t, repo, "commit", "-m", "initial")
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", repo, "rev-parse", "HEAD").Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	shortSha := strings.TrimSpace(string(out))[:7]
-
-	// a workflow that uses the action at the short SHA
-	wfDir := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "wf")
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(wfDir, 0o755))
-	wf := fmt.Sprintf("on: push\njobs:\n  test:\n    runs-on: ubuntu-latest\n    steps:\n      - uses: actions/hello-world-docker-action@%s\n", shortSha)
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(wfDir, "push.yml"), []byte(wf), 0o644))
-
-	runner, err := New(&Config{
-		Workdir:               wfDir,
-		EventName:             "push",
-		Platforms:             map[string]string{"ubuntu-latest": baseImage},
-		GitHubInstance:        "github.com",
-		DefaultActionInstance: actionRoot,
-		ContainerMaxLifetime:  time.Hour,
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	planner, err := model.NewWorkflowPlanner(wfDir, true)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	plan, err := planner.PlanEvent("push")
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	err = runner.NewPlanExecutor(plan)(common.WithDryrun(context.Background(), true))
-	require.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "shortened version of a commit SHA")
-}
-
 func TestActionCache(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	a := assert.New(t)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	// Build a local bare repo with a `js` action dir so this runs offline (formerly cloned
-	// github.com/nektos/act-test-actions over the network). allowAnySHA1InWant lets the
-	// "Fetch Sha" case fetch a commit hash directly.
-	remoteDir := t.TempDir()
-	runGit(t, "", "init", "--bare", "--initial-branch=main", remoteDir)
-	runGit(t, remoteDir, "config", "uploadpack.allowAnySHA1InWant", "true")
-
-	workDir := t.TempDir()
-	runGit(t, "", "clone", remoteDir, workDir)
-	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(workDir, "js"), 0o755))
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(workDir, "js", "action.yml"),
-		[]byte("name: js\nruns:\n  using: node24\n  main: index.js\n"), 0o644))
-	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(workDir, "js", "index.js"),
-		[]byte("console.log('hello');\n"), 0o644))
-	runGit(t, workDir, "add", ".")
-	runGit(t, workDir, "commit", "-m", "initial")
-	runGit(t, workDir, "push", "-u", "origin", "main")
-
-	out, err := exec.Command("git", "-C", workDir, "rev-parse", "main").Output()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	fullSha := strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
-
 	cache := &GoGitActionCache{
 		Path: t.TempDir(),
 	}
-	cacheDir := "local/act-test-actions"
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	cacheDir := "nektos/act-test-actions"
+	repo := "https://github.com/nektos/act-test-actions"
 	refs := []struct {
-		Name string
-		Ref  string
+		Name     string
+		CacheDir string
+		Repo     string
+		Ref      string
 	}{
-		{Name: "Fetch Branch Name", Ref: "main"},
-		{Name: "Fetch Branch Name Absolutely", Ref: "refs/heads/main"},
-		{Name: "Fetch HEAD", Ref: "HEAD"},
-		{Name: "Fetch Sha", Ref: fullSha},
+		{
+			Name:     "Fetch Branch Name",
+			CacheDir: cacheDir,
+			Repo:     repo,
+			Ref:      "main",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:     "Fetch Branch Name Absolutely",
+			CacheDir: cacheDir,
+			Repo:     repo,
+			Ref:      "refs/heads/main",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:     "Fetch HEAD",
+			CacheDir: cacheDir,
+			Repo:     repo,
+			Ref:      "HEAD",
+		},
+		{
+			Name:     "Fetch Sha",
+			CacheDir: cacheDir,
+			Repo:     repo,
+			Ref:      "de984ca37e4df4cb9fd9256435a3b82c4a2662b1",
+		},
 	}
 	for _, c := range refs {
 		t.Run(c.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			sha, err := cache.Fetch(ctx, cacheDir, remoteDir, c.Ref, "")
+			sha, err := cache.Fetch(ctx, c.CacheDir, c.Repo, c.Ref, "")
 			if !a.NoError(err) || !a.NotEmpty(sha) { //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 				return
 			}
-			atar, err := cache.GetTarArchive(ctx, cacheDir, sha, "js")
-			// NotNil, not NotEmpty: atar is a live io.PipeReader whose producer goroutine is
-			// writing concurrently; NotEmpty deep-reflects over its internals and races.
-			if !a.NoError(err) || !a.NotNil(atar) { //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+			atar, err := cache.GetTarArchive(ctx, c.CacheDir, sha, "js")
+			if !a.NoError(err) || !a.NotEmpty(atar) { //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 				return
 			}
-			// GetTarArchive streams from a background goroutine walking the shared repo.
-			// Drain and close so it finishes before the next subtest fetches into the same
-			// repo; otherwise the lingering walk races with that fetch.
-			defer func() {
-				_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, atar)
-				_ = atar.Close()
-			}()
 			mytar := tar.NewReader(atar)
 			th, err := mytar.Next()
 			if !a.NoError(err) || !a.NotEqual(0, th.Size) { //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act

act/runner/command.go

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func (rc *RunContext) commandHandler(ctx context.Context) common.LineHandler {
 			logger.Infof("%s", line)
 			return false
 		}
-		arg = UnescapeCommandData(arg)
+		arg = unescapeCommandData(arg)
 		kvPairs = unescapeKvPairs(kvPairs)
 		switch command {
 		case "set-env":
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func parseKeyValuePairs(kvPairs, separator string) map[string]string {
 	return rtn
 }
 
-func UnescapeCommandData(arg string) string {
+func unescapeCommandData(arg string) string {
 	escapeMap := map[string]string{
 		"%25": "%",
 		"%0D": "\r",

act/runner/expression.go

@@ -562,15 +562,15 @@ func getWorkflowSecrets(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext) map[string]string {
 			secrets = rc.caller.runContext.Config.Secrets
 		}
 
-		// Interpolate into a new map. secrets may be the shared Config.Secrets (or the job's
-		// map), which other parallel jobs read concurrently (e.g. log masking), so mutating it
-		// in place is a data race.
-		interpolated := make(map[string]string, len(secrets))
-		for k, v := range secrets {
-			interpolated[k] = rc.caller.runContext.ExprEval.Interpolate(ctx, v)
+		if secrets == nil {
+			secrets = map[string]string{}
 		}
 
-		return interpolated
+		for k, v := range secrets {
+			secrets[k] = rc.caller.runContext.ExprEval.Interpolate(ctx, v)
+		}
+
+		return secrets
 	}
 
 	return rc.Config.Secrets

act/runner/helpers_test.go

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package runner
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"net"
-	"os/exec"
-	"runtime"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-
-	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/container"
-
-	mobyclient "github.com/moby/moby/client"
-)
-
-// requireLinuxDocker skips on non-Linux hosts. Some integration workflows need Docker features
-// that only a Linux daemon provides (host networking, host /proc bind mounts); Docker Desktop
-// on macOS/Windows does not, so those tests can only run on Linux.
-func requireLinuxDocker(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Helper()
-	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
-		t.Skip("skipping: requires a Linux Docker host")
-	}
-}
-
-// requireDocker skips the test unless a reachable docker daemon is available.
-// GetDockerClient succeeds even without a running daemon (its ping is best-effort),
-// so the daemon has to be pinged explicitly here to decide whether to skip.
-func requireDocker(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Helper()
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	cli, err := container.GetDockerClient(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("skipping: docker client unavailable: %v", err)
-	}
-	defer cli.Close()
-	if _, err := cli.Ping(ctx, mobyclient.PingOptions{}); err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("skipping: docker daemon unreachable: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-// requireNetwork skips the test unless github.com is reachable. A few tests exercise behaviour
-// that inherently needs the network (force-pulling an image, resolving a remote short-sha ref);
-// gating lets the rest of the suite run offline without these failing.
-func requireNetwork(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Helper()
-	conn, err := net.DialTimeout("tcp", "github.com:443", 3*time.Second)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Skipf("skipping: network unavailable: %v", err)
-	}
-	_ = conn.Close()
-}
-
-// requireHostTools skips the test unless every named executable is on PATH. Used by the
-// self-hosted (host environment) suite, which runs steps directly on the host.
-func requireHostTools(t *testing.T, tools ...string) {
-	t.Helper()
-	for _, tool := range tools {
-		if _, err := exec.LookPath(tool); err != nil {
-			t.Skipf("skipping: required host tool %q not found: %v", tool, err)
-		}
-	}
-}

act/runner/job_executor.go

@@ -183,25 +183,18 @@ func newJobExecutor(info jobInfo, sf stepFactory, rc *RunContext) common.Executo
 func setJobResult(ctx context.Context, info jobInfo, rc *RunContext, success bool) {
 	logger := common.Logger(ctx)
 
-	// Matrix combinations share one *model.Job and run in parallel; serialize the
-	// read-modify-write of the job result so a failing combination is not lost-updated by a
-	// concurrent succeeding one.
-	job := rc.Run.Job()
-	jobResult := func() string {
-		defer lockJob(job)()
-		result := "success"
-		// we have only one result for a whole matrix build, so we need
-		// to keep an existing result state if we run a matrix
-		if len(info.matrix()) > 0 && job.Result != "" {
-			result = job.Result
-		}
-		if !success {
-			result = "failure"
-		}
-		info.result(result)
-		return result
-	}()
+	jobResult := "success"
+	// we have only one result for a whole matrix build, so we need
+	// to keep an existing result state if we run a matrix
+	if len(info.matrix()) > 0 && rc.Run.Job().Result != "" {
+		jobResult = rc.Run.Job().Result
+	}
 
+	if !success {
+		jobResult = "failure"
+	}
+
+	info.result(jobResult)
 	if rc.caller != nil {
 		// set reusable workflow job result
 		rc.caller.setReusedWorkflowJobResult(rc.JobName, jobResult) // For Gitea
@@ -227,11 +220,7 @@ func setJobOutputs(ctx context.Context, rc *RunContext) {
 			callerOutputs[k] = ee.Interpolate(ctx, ee.Interpolate(ctx, v.Value))
 		}
 
-		// Matrix combinations of a reusable-workflow caller share the caller's *model.Job;
-		// serialize the write so parallel combos don't race on its Outputs field.
-		callerJob := rc.caller.runContext.Run.Job()
-		defer lockJob(callerJob)()
-		callerJob.Outputs = callerOutputs
+		rc.caller.runContext.Run.Job().Outputs = callerOutputs
 	}
 }
 

act/runner/job_executor_test.go

@@ -21,13 +21,18 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestJobExecutor(t *testing.T) {
-	// Dryrun only checks syntax/planning; all cases resolve locally, so this runs offline.
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	tables := []TestJobFileInfo{
 		{workdir, "uses-and-run-in-one-step", "push", "Invalid run/uses syntax for job:test step:Test", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "uses-github-empty", "push", "Expected format {org}/{repo}[/path]@ref", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "uses-github-noref", "push", "Expected format {org}/{repo}[/path]@ref", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "uses-github-root", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "uses-github-path", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "uses-docker-url", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "uses-github-full-sha", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "uses-github-short-sha", "push", "Unable to resolve action `actions/hello-world-docker-action@b136eb8`, the provided ref `b136eb8` is the shortened version of a commit SHA, which is not supported. Please use the full commit SHA `b136eb8894c5cb1dd5807da824be97ccdf9b5423` instead", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "job-nil-step", "push", "invalid Step 0: missing run or uses key", platforms, secrets},
 	}
 	// These tests are sufficient to only check syntax.

act/runner/logger.go

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
-	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
@@ -167,29 +166,9 @@ func withStepLogger(ctx context.Context, stepNumber int, stepID, stepName, stage
 
 type entryProcessor func(entry *logrus.Entry) *logrus.Entry
 
-func AppendSecretMasker(oldnew []string, v string) []string {
-	ret := oldnew
-
-	for l := range strings.SplitSeq(v, "\n") {
-		tm := strings.TrimSpace(l)
-		// formatted JSON secrets could otherwise mask {,[,],} everywhere
-		if len(tm) > 1 {
-			ret = append(ret, tm, "***")
-		}
-	}
-
-	return ret
-}
-
 // valueMasker applies secrets and ::add-mask:: patterns to every log entry, including
 // raw_output (command/stream) lines; there is no bypass by field.
 func valueMasker(insecureSecrets bool, secrets map[string]string) entryProcessor {
-	var oldnew []string
-	for _, v := range secrets {
-		oldnew = AppendSecretMasker(oldnew, v)
-	}
-	oldnew = slices.Clip(oldnew)
-	defReplacer := strings.NewReplacer(oldnew...)
 	return func(entry *logrus.Entry) *logrus.Entry {
 		if insecureSecrets {
 			return entry
@@ -197,16 +176,16 @@ func valueMasker(insecureSecrets bool, secrets map[string]string) entryProcessor
 
 		masks := Masks(entry.Context)
 
-		if len(*masks) == 0 {
-			entry.Message = defReplacer.Replace(entry.Message)
-		} else {
-			cmasker := oldnew
-
-			for _, v := range *masks {
-				cmasker = AppendSecretMasker(cmasker, v)
+		for _, v := range secrets {
+			if v != "" {
+				entry.Message = strings.ReplaceAll(entry.Message, v, "***")
 			}
+		}
 
-			entry.Message = strings.NewReplacer(cmasker...).Replace(entry.Message)
+		for _, v := range *masks {
+			if v != "" {
+				entry.Message = strings.ReplaceAll(entry.Message, v, "***")
+			}
 		}
 
 		return entry

act/runner/logger_test.go

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package runner
-
-import (
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-)
-
-func TestValueMasker(t *testing.T) {
-	table := []struct {
-		name       string
-		lines      string
-		secrets    map[string]string
-		masks      []string
-		disallowed []string
-	}{
-		{
-			name:  "Multiline Private Key",
-			lines: "cat << EOF > private.key\nPRIVATE_KEY_BEGIN\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\nPRIVATE_KEY_END\nEOF",
-			secrets: map[string]string{
-				"PRIVATE_KEY": "PRIVATE_KEY_BEGIN\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\nPRIVATE_KEY_END",
-			},
-			disallowed: []string{"KEY", "dsdfseffefsefes", "PRIVATE_KEY_END"},
-		},
-		{
-			name:       "Multiline Private Key in masks",
-			lines:      "cat << EOF > private.key\nPRIVATE_KEY_BEGIN\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\nPRIVATE_KEY_END\nEOF",
-			masks:      []string{"PRIVATE_KEY_BEGIN\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\ndsdfseffefsefes\nPRIVATE_KEY_END"},
-			disallowed: []string{"KEY", "dsdfseffefsefes", "PRIVATE_KEY_END"},
-		},
-	}
-	for _, entry := range table {
-		t.Run(entry.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			ctx := WithMasks(t.Context(), &entry.masks)
-			masker := valueMasker(false, entry.secrets)
-			for line := range strings.SplitSeq(entry.lines, "\n") {
-				lentry := masker(&logrus.Entry{
-					Context: ctx,
-					Message: line,
-				})
-				for _, line := range entry.disallowed {
-					assert.NotContains(t, lentry.Message, line)
-				}
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}

act/runner/reusable_workflow.go

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/url"
 	"path"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -28,9 +27,7 @@ func newLocalReusableWorkflowExecutor(rc *RunContext) common.Executor {
 		workflowDir = strings.TrimPrefix(workflowDir, "./")
 
 		return common.NewPipelineExecutor(
-			// resolve the local workflow against the workspace root, not the process
-			// working directory, so it is found regardless of where the runner is invoked
-			newReusableWorkflowExecutor(rc, filepath.Join(rc.Config.Workdir, workflowDir), fileName),
+			newReusableWorkflowExecutor(rc, workflowDir, fileName),
 		)
 	}
 
@@ -287,11 +284,7 @@ func setReusedWorkflowCallerResult(rc *RunContext, runner Runner) common.Executo
 			if rc.caller != nil {
 				rc.caller.setReusedWorkflowJobResult(rc.JobName, reusedWorkflowJobResult)
 			} else {
-				// Serialize this shared Job.Result write against the other matrix combos
-				// and setJobResult (same lockJob key).
-				unlock := lockJob(rc.Run.Job())
 				rc.result(reusedWorkflowJobResult)
-				unlock()
 				logger.WithField("jobResult", reusedWorkflowJobResult).Infof("Job %s", reusedWorkflowJobResultMessage)
 			}
 		}
@@ -315,11 +308,6 @@ func getGitCloneToken(conf *Config, cloneURL string) string {
 // 1. cloneURL is from the same Gitea instance that the runner is registered to
 // 2. the cloneURL does not have basic auth embedded
 func shouldCloneURLUseToken(instanceURL, cloneURL string) bool {
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(instanceURL, "http://") &&
-		!strings.HasPrefix(instanceURL, "https://") {
-		instanceURL = "https://" + instanceURL
-	}
-
 	u1, err1 := url.Parse(instanceURL)
 	u2, err2 := url.Parse(cloneURL)
 	if err1 != nil || err2 != nil {

act/runner/reusable_workflow_test.go

@@ -123,65 +123,6 @@ func TestNewReusableWorkflowExecutorHoldsCloneLock(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestGetGitCloneTokenWithSchemalessGiteaInstance(t *testing.T) {
-	conf := &Config{
-		GitHubInstance: "gitea.example.net",
-		Secrets: map[string]string{
-			"GITEA_TOKEN": "token-value",
-		},
-	}
-
-	token := getGitCloneToken(conf, "https://gitea.example.net/actions/tools")
-
-	require.Equal(t, "token-value", token)
-}
-
-func TestShouldCloneURLUseToken(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name        string
-		instanceURL string
-		cloneURL    string
-		want        bool
-	}{
-		{
-			name:        "same host with schemaless instance",
-			instanceURL: "gitea.example.net",
-			cloneURL:    "https://gitea.example.net/actions/tools",
-			want:        true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "same host with schemaless instance and port",
-			instanceURL: "gitea.example.net:3000",
-			cloneURL:    "https://gitea.example.net:3000/actions/tools",
-			want:        true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "different host",
-			instanceURL: "gitea.example.net",
-			cloneURL:    "https://github.com/actions/tools",
-			want:        false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "embedded basic auth",
-			instanceURL: "gitea.example.net",
-			cloneURL:    "https://user:pass@gitea.example.net/actions/tools",
-			want:        false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "invalid clone URL",
-			instanceURL: "gitea.example.net",
-			cloneURL:    "://gitea.example.net/actions/tools",
-			want:        false,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			require.Equal(t, tt.want, shouldCloneURLUseToken(tt.instanceURL, tt.cloneURL))
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func gitMust(t *testing.T, dir string, args ...string) {
 	t.Helper()
 	cmd := exec.Command("git", args...)

act/runner/run_context.go

@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"runtime"
-	"slices"
 	"strings"
-	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
@@ -57,10 +55,6 @@ type RunContext struct {
 	Masks               []string
 	cleanUpJobContainer common.Executor
 	caller              *caller // job calling this RunContext (reusable workflows)
-	// outputTemplate is this combination's pristine snapshot of the job's output expressions,
-	// captured before execution so each matrix combo interpolates from the originals rather
-	// than from a sibling's already-resolved values written into the shared Job.Outputs.
-	outputTemplate map[string]string
 }
 
 func (rc *RunContext) AddMask(mask string) {
@@ -136,34 +130,17 @@ func getDockerDaemonSocketMountPath(daemonPath string) string {
 	return daemonPath
 }
 
-// containerDaemonSocket returns the configured Docker daemon socket, applying the default
-// without mutating the shared Config. Parallel jobs in a plan share one *Config, so a job
-// must never write to it.
-func (rc *RunContext) containerDaemonSocket() string {
-	if rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket == "" {
-		return "/var/run/docker.sock"
-	}
-	return rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket
-}
-
-// validVolumes returns the volumes allowed on this job's containers: the configured base
-// plus the volumes the runner mounts automatically. It derives a fresh slice every call and
-// never mutates the shared Config (see containerDaemonSocket).
-func (rc *RunContext) validVolumes() []string {
-	name := rc.jobContainerName()
-	volumes := slices.Clone(rc.Config.ValidVolumes)
-	// TODO: add a new configuration to control whether the docker daemon can be mounted
-	return append(volumes, "act-toolcache", name, name+"-env",
-		getDockerDaemonSocketMountPath(rc.containerDaemonSocket()))
-}
-
 // Returns the binds and mounts for the container, resolving paths as appopriate
 func (rc *RunContext) GetBindsAndMounts() ([]string, map[string]string) {
 	name := rc.jobContainerName()
 
+	if rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket == "" {
+		rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket = "/var/run/docker.sock"
+	}
+
 	binds := []string{}
-	if daemonSocket := rc.containerDaemonSocket(); daemonSocket != "-" {
-		daemonPath := getDockerDaemonSocketMountPath(daemonSocket)
+	if rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket != "-" {
+		daemonPath := getDockerDaemonSocketMountPath(rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket)
 		binds = append(binds, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", daemonPath, "/var/run/docker.sock"))
 	}
 
@@ -202,6 +179,14 @@ func (rc *RunContext) GetBindsAndMounts() ([]string, map[string]string) {
 		mounts[name] = ext.ToContainerPath(rc.Config.Workdir)
 	}
 
+	// For Gitea
+	// add some default binds and mounts to ValidVolumes
+	rc.Config.ValidVolumes = append(rc.Config.ValidVolumes, "act-toolcache")
+	rc.Config.ValidVolumes = append(rc.Config.ValidVolumes, name)
+	rc.Config.ValidVolumes = append(rc.Config.ValidVolumes, name+"-env")
+	// TODO: add a new configuration to control whether the docker daemon can be mounted
+	rc.Config.ValidVolumes = append(rc.Config.ValidVolumes, getDockerDaemonSocketMountPath(rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket))
+
 	return binds, mounts
 }
 
@@ -235,17 +220,16 @@ func (rc *RunContext) startHostEnvironment() common.Executor {
 		}
 		toolCache := filepath.Join(cacheDir, "tool_cache")
 		rc.JobContainer = &container.HostEnvironment{
-			Path:         path,
-			TmpDir:       runnerTmp,
-			ToolCache:    toolCache,
-			Workdir:      rc.Config.Workdir,
-			CleanWorkdir: rc.Config.CleanWorkdir,
-			ActPath:      actPath,
+			Path:        path,
+			TmpDir:      runnerTmp,
+			ToolCache:   toolCache,
+			Workdir:     rc.Config.Workdir,
+			BindWorkdir: rc.Config.BindWorkdir,
+			ActPath:     actPath,
 			CleanUp: func() {
 				os.RemoveAll(miscpath)
 			},
-			StdOut:      logWriter,
-			AllocatePTY: rc.Config.AllocatePTY,
+			StdOut: logWriter,
 		}
 		rc.cleanUpJobContainer = rc.JobContainer.Remove()
 		for k, v := range rc.JobContainer.GetRunnerContext(ctx) {
@@ -387,7 +371,6 @@ func (rc *RunContext) startJobContainer() common.Executor {
 				NetworkAliases: []string{serviceID},
 				ExposedPorts:   exposedPorts,
 				PortBindings:   portBindings,
-				AllocatePTY:    rc.Config.AllocatePTY,
 			})
 			rc.ServiceContainers = append(rc.ServiceContainers, c)
 		}
@@ -447,8 +430,7 @@ func (rc *RunContext) startJobContainer() common.Executor {
 			Platform:       rc.Config.ContainerArchitecture,
 			Options:        rc.options(ctx),
 			AutoRemove:     rc.Config.AutoRemove,
-			ValidVolumes:   rc.validVolumes(),
-			AllocatePTY:    rc.Config.AllocatePTY,
+			ValidVolumes:   rc.Config.ValidVolumes,
 		})
 		if rc.JobContainer == nil {
 			return errors.New("Failed to create job container")
@@ -601,29 +583,14 @@ func (rc *RunContext) ActionCacheDir() string {
 }
 
 // Interpolate outputs after a job is done
-// jobMutexes serializes per-job result/output aggregation across the matrix combinations that
-// share one *model.Job and run in parallel. Keyed by the shared *model.Job (mirrors the
-// per-directory AcquireCloneLock pattern).
-var jobMutexes sync.Map // key: *model.Job; value: *sync.Mutex
-
-func lockJob(job *model.Job) func() {
-	v, _ := jobMutexes.LoadOrStore(job, &sync.Mutex{})
-	mu := v.(*sync.Mutex)
-	mu.Lock()
-	return mu.Unlock
-}
-
 func (rc *RunContext) interpolateOutputs() common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
 		ee := rc.NewExpressionEvaluator(ctx)
-		job := rc.Run.Job()
-		// Matrix combinations share this Job and its Outputs map. Interpolate from this combo's
-		// pristine snapshot (outputTemplate) and write under the lock, so each combo overwrites
-		// with its own resolved values (last wins, as on GitHub) instead of the first combo's
-		// resolved values freezing the shared template against later combos.
-		defer lockJob(job)()
-		for k, v := range rc.outputTemplate {
-			job.Outputs[k] = ee.Interpolate(ctx, v)
+		for k, v := range rc.Run.Job().Outputs {
+			interpolated := ee.Interpolate(ctx, v)
+			if v != interpolated {
+				rc.Run.Job().Outputs[k] = interpolated
+			}
 		}
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -631,34 +598,10 @@ func (rc *RunContext) interpolateOutputs() common.Executor {
 
 func (rc *RunContext) startContainer() common.Executor {
 	return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		var err error
 		if rc.IsHostEnv(ctx) {
-			err = rc.startHostEnvironment()(ctx)
-		} else {
-			err = rc.startJobContainer()(ctx)
+			return rc.startHostEnvironment()(ctx)
 		}
-		if err != nil {
-			// The job executor's teardown only runs after a successful start, so a failed
-			// start would otherwise leak the per-job network and container.
-			rc.cleanupFailedStart(ctx)
-		}
-		return err
-	}
-}
-
-func (rc *RunContext) cleanupFailedStart(ctx context.Context) {
-	if rc.cleanUpJobContainer == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	cleanCtx := ctx
-	if ctx.Err() != nil {
-		// the start likely failed because ctx was cancelled, detach so teardown still runs
-		var cancel context.CancelFunc
-		cleanCtx, cancel = context.WithTimeout(common.WithLogger(context.Background(), common.Logger(ctx)), time.Minute)
-		defer cancel()
-	}
-	if err := rc.cleanUpJobContainer(cleanCtx); err != nil {
-		common.Logger(ctx).Errorf("Error while cleaning up after failed container start for job %s: %v", rc.JobName, err)
+		return rc.startJobContainer()(ctx)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -690,18 +633,7 @@ func (rc *RunContext) result(result string) {
 }
 
 func (rc *RunContext) steps() []*model.Step {
-	// Return per-job copies of the steps. Matrix combinations run in parallel and share the
-	// workflow model, but step execution mutates per-job fields and evaluates the If/Env nodes
-	// in place, so the *model.Step instances must not be shared across jobs (see Step.Clone).
-	shared := rc.Run.Job().Steps
-	steps := make([]*model.Step, len(shared))
-	for i, step := range shared {
-		if step == nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		steps[i] = step.Clone()
-	}
-	return steps
+	return rc.Run.Job().Steps
 }
 
 // Executor returns a pipeline executor for all the steps in the job
@@ -778,15 +710,12 @@ func (rc *RunContext) runsOnPlatformNames(ctx context.Context) []string {
 		return []string{}
 	}
 
-	// Evaluate a copy: RawRunsOn is shared across parallel matrix jobs, so interpolating it in
-	// place would race and leak one matrix combination's runs-on into the others.
-	rawRunsOn := model.CloneYamlNode(job.RawRunsOn)
-	if err := rc.ExprEval.EvaluateYamlNode(ctx, &rawRunsOn); err != nil {
+	if err := rc.ExprEval.EvaluateYamlNode(ctx, &job.RawRunsOn); err != nil {
 		common.Logger(ctx).Errorf("Error while evaluating runs-on: %v", err)
 		return []string{}
 	}
 
-	return model.RunsOnFromNode(rawRunsOn)
+	return job.RunsOn()
 }
 
 func (rc *RunContext) platformImage(ctx context.Context) string {
@@ -1209,9 +1138,12 @@ func (rc *RunContext) handleServiceCredentials(ctx context.Context, creds map[st
 
 // GetServiceBindsAndMounts returns the binds and mounts for the service container, resolving paths as appopriate
 func (rc *RunContext) GetServiceBindsAndMounts(svcVolumes []string) ([]string, map[string]string) {
+	if rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket == "" {
+		rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket = "/var/run/docker.sock"
+	}
 	binds := []string{}
-	if daemonSocket := rc.containerDaemonSocket(); daemonSocket != "-" {
-		daemonPath := getDockerDaemonSocketMountPath(daemonSocket)
+	if rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket != "-" {
+		daemonPath := getDockerDaemonSocketMountPath(rc.Config.ContainerDaemonSocket)
 		binds = append(binds, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", daemonPath, "/var/run/docker.sock"))
 	}
 

act/runner/run_context_test.go

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import (
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	assert "github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	require "github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	yaml "go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
 )
 
@@ -281,44 +280,6 @@ func TestRunContext_GetBindsAndMounts(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
-func TestRunContextValidVolumes(t *testing.T) {
-	rc := &RunContext{
-		Name:   "job",
-		Run:    &model.Run{Workflow: &model.Workflow{Name: "wf"}},
-		Config: &Config{ValidVolumes: []string{"my-vol", "/host/path"}},
-	}
-	name := rc.jobContainerName()
-
-	got := rc.validVolumes()
-
-	// the configured volumes plus the four the runner mounts automatically
-	assert.Subset(t, got, []string{"my-vol", "/host/path", "act-toolcache", name, name + "-env", "/var/run/docker.sock"})
-
-	// deriving the list must never mutate or grow the shared Config slice: parallel matrix
-	// combinations share one *Config, and the previous in-place append was a data race.
-	assert.Equal(t, []string{"my-vol", "/host/path"}, rc.Config.ValidVolumes)
-	assert.Len(t, rc.validVolumes(), len(got), "repeated calls must be stable, not accumulate")
-}
-
-// TestInterpolateOutputsIsPerMatrixCombo guards the matrix-output fix: combinations share one
-// *model.Job, so each must interpolate from its own pristine snapshot. Otherwise the first
-// combo's resolved value freezes the shared template and later combos can't resolve their own.
-func TestInterpolateOutputsIsPerMatrixCombo(t *testing.T) {
-	job := &model.Job{Outputs: map[string]string{"o": "${{ matrix.v }}"}}
-	run := &model.Run{JobID: "j", Workflow: &model.Workflow{Name: "w", Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{"j": job}}}
-	r := &runnerImpl{config: &Config{}}
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	rcA := r.newRunContext(ctx, run, map[string]any{"v": "a"})
-	rcB := r.newRunContext(ctx, run, map[string]any{"v": "b"})
-
-	require.NoError(t, rcA.interpolateOutputs()(ctx))
-	require.NoError(t, rcB.interpolateOutputs()(ctx))
-
-	// Last combo wins (matching GitHub) instead of being frozen to combo A's "a".
-	require.Equal(t, "b", job.Outputs["o"])
-}
-
 func TestGetGitHubContext(t *testing.T) {
 	log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
 
@@ -698,53 +659,3 @@ func TestPrintStartJobContainerGroupGolden(t *testing.T) {
 	}, "\n")
 	assert.Equal(t, want, buf.String())
 }
-
-func TestRunContext_cleanupFailedStart(t *testing.T) {
-	type ctxKey string
-	const sentinel = ctxKey("sentinel")
-
-	// the fresh context is cancelled via defer on return, so capture state inside the stub
-	type capture struct {
-		calls    int
-		err      error
-		sentinel any
-	}
-	newRC := func(c *capture) *RunContext {
-		return &RunContext{
-			JobName: "job",
-			cleanUpJobContainer: func(ctx context.Context) error {
-				c.calls++
-				c.err = ctx.Err()
-				c.sentinel = ctx.Value(sentinel)
-				return nil
-			},
-		}
-	}
-
-	t.Run("runs teardown on the live context", func(t *testing.T) {
-		var c capture
-		ctx := context.WithValue(context.Background(), sentinel, "v")
-
-		newRC(&c).cleanupFailedStart(ctx)
-
-		assert.Equal(t, 1, c.calls)
-		require.NoError(t, c.err)
-		assert.Equal(t, "v", c.sentinel)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("falls back to a fresh context when the input is done", func(t *testing.T) {
-		var c capture
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.WithValue(context.Background(), sentinel, "v"))
-		cancel()
-
-		newRC(&c).cleanupFailedStart(ctx)
-
-		assert.Equal(t, 1, c.calls)
-		require.NoError(t, c.err)
-		assert.Nil(t, c.sentinel)
-	})
-
-	t.Run("no-op when there is nothing to clean up", func(t *testing.T) {
-		assert.NotPanics(t, func() { (&RunContext{}).cleanupFailedStart(context.Background()) })
-	})
-}

act/runner/runner.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"maps"
 	"os"
 	"runtime"
 	"sync"
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ type Config struct {
 	Actor                              string                       // the user that triggered the event
 	Workdir                            string                       // path to working directory
 	ActionCacheDir                     string                       // path used for caching action contents
-	ActionOfflineMode                  bool                         // when offline, use cached action contents
+	ActionOfflineMode                  bool                         // when offline, use caching action contents
 	BindWorkdir                        bool                         // bind the workdir to the job container
 	EventName                          string                       // name of event to run
 	EventPath                          string                       // path to JSON file to use for event.json in containers
@@ -74,14 +73,12 @@ type Config struct {
 	EventJSON             string                       // the content of JSON file to use for event.json in containers, overrides EventPath
 	ContainerNamePrefix   string                       // the prefix of container name
 	ContainerMaxLifetime  time.Duration                // the max lifetime of job containers
-	CleanWorkdir          bool                         // remove host executor workdir on teardown
 	DefaultActionInstance string                       // the default actions web site
 	PlatformPicker        func(labels []string) string // platform picker, it will take precedence over Platforms if isn't nil
 	JobLoggerLevel        *log.Level                   // the level of job logger
 	ValidVolumes          []string                     // only volumes (and bind mounts) in this slice can be mounted on the job container or service containers
 	InsecureSkipTLS       bool                         // whether to skip verifying TLS certificate of the Gitea instance
 	MaxParallel           int                          // max parallel jobs to run across all workflows (0 = no limit, uses CPU count)
-	AllocatePTY           bool                         // allocate a pseudo-TTY for each step's process
 }
 
 // GetToken: Adapt to Gitea
@@ -93,17 +90,6 @@ func (c Config) GetToken() string {
 	return token
 }
 
-// DefaultActionURL returns the host used for implicit remote actions.
-func (c Config) DefaultActionURL() string {
-	if c.DefaultActionInstance != "" {
-		return c.DefaultActionInstance
-	}
-	if c.GitHubInstance != "" {
-		return c.GitHubInstance
-	}
-	return "github.com"
-}
-
 type caller struct {
 	runContext *RunContext
 
@@ -251,14 +237,7 @@ func (runner *runnerImpl) NewPlanExecutor(plan *model.Plan) common.Executor {
 						return executor(common.WithJobErrorContainer(WithJobLogger(ctx, rc.Run.JobID, jobName, rc.Config, &rc.Masks, matrix)))
 					})
 				}
-				// Run all matrix combinations of this job, then drop its aggregation mutex: the
-				// combos are the only users of it, so once they finish the jobMutexes entry can be
-				// released, keeping the map from growing unbounded over a long-lived runner.
-				stageParallel := common.NewParallelExecutor(maxParallel, stageExecutor...)
-				pipeline = append(pipeline, func(ctx context.Context) error {
-					defer jobMutexes.Delete(job)
-					return stageParallel(ctx)
-				})
+				pipeline = append(pipeline, common.NewParallelExecutor(maxParallel, stageExecutor...))
 			}
 
 			// For pipeline execution:
@@ -342,11 +321,6 @@ func (runner *runnerImpl) newRunContext(ctx context.Context, run *model.Run, mat
 	}
 	rc.ExprEval = rc.NewExpressionEvaluator(ctx)
 	rc.Name = rc.ExprEval.Interpolate(ctx, run.String())
-	// Snapshot the job's pristine output expressions now, before any matrix combo runs and
-	// rewrites the shared Job.Outputs (see interpolateOutputs).
-	if job := run.Job(); job != nil {
-		rc.outputTemplate = maps.Clone(job.Outputs)
-	}
 
 	return rc
 }

act/runner/runner_test.go

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
-	"time"
 
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/common"
 	"gitea.com/gitea/runner/act/model"
@@ -188,17 +187,13 @@ func (j *TestJobFileInfo) runTest(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, cfg *Config
 		EventPath:             cfg.EventPath,
 		Platforms:             j.platforms,
 		ReuseContainers:       false,
-		ForceRebuild:          true,
 		Env:                   cfg.Env,
 		Secrets:               cfg.Secrets,
 		Inputs:                cfg.Inputs,
 		GitHubInstance:        "github.com",
-		DefaultActionInstance: cfg.DefaultActionInstance,
 		ContainerArchitecture: cfg.ContainerArchitecture,
-		ContainerMaxLifetime:  time.Hour,
 		Matrix:                cfg.Matrix,
 		ActionCache:           cfg.ActionCache,
-		ValidVolumes:          []string{"**"}, // allow workflow-declared volumes (e.g. container-volumes)
 	}
 
 	runner, err := New(runnerConfig)
@@ -226,14 +221,18 @@ type TestConfig struct {
 }
 
 func TestRunEvent(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
 	tables := []TestJobFileInfo{
 		// Shells
 		{workdir, "shells/defaults", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "shells/pwsh", "push", "", map[string]string{"ubuntu-latest": "catthehacker/ubuntu:pwsh-latest"}, secrets}, // custom image with pwsh
 		{workdir, "shells/bash", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "shells/python", "push", "", map[string]string{"ubuntu-latest": "node:24-bookworm"}, secrets}, // slim doesn't have python
 		{workdir, "shells/sh", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 
 		// Local action
@@ -245,6 +244,11 @@ func TestRunEvent(t *testing.T) {
 		// Uses
 		{workdir, "uses-composite", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "uses-composite-with-error", "push", "Job 'failing-composite-action' failed", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "uses-nested-composite", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "remote-action-composite-js-pre-with-defaults", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "remote-action-composite-action-ref", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "uses-workflow", "push", "", platforms, map[string]string{"secret": "keep_it_private"}},
+		{workdir, "uses-workflow", "pull_request", "", platforms, map[string]string{"secret": "keep_it_private"}},
 		{workdir, "uses-docker-url", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "act-composite-env-test", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 
@@ -254,15 +258,21 @@ func TestRunEvent(t *testing.T) {
 		{workdir, "evalmatrixneeds2", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "evalmatrix-merge-map", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "evalmatrix-merge-array", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "issue-1195", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 
 		{workdir, "basic", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "fail", "push", "exit with `FAILURE`: 1", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "runs-on", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "checkout", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "job-container", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "job-container-non-root", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "job-container-invalid-credentials", "push", "failed to handle credentials: failed to interpolate container.credentials.password", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "container-hostname", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "remote-action-docker", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "remote-action-js", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "remote-action-js-node-user", "push", "", platforms, secrets}, // Test if this works with non root container
 		{workdir, "matrix", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "matrix-include-exclude", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "matrix-exitcode", "push", "Job 'test' failed", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "commands", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "workdir", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
@@ -283,6 +293,7 @@ func TestRunEvent(t *testing.T) {
 		{workdir, "job-status-check", "push", "job 'fail' failed", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "if-expressions", "push", "Job 'mytest' failed", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "actions-environment-and-context-tests", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "uses-action-with-pre-and-post-step", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "evalenv", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "docker-action-custom-path", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "GITHUB_ENV-use-in-env-ctx", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
@@ -293,6 +304,7 @@ func TestRunEvent(t *testing.T) {
 		{workdir, "workflow_dispatch-scalar", "workflow_dispatch", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "workflow_dispatch-scalar-composite-action", "workflow_dispatch", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "job-needs-context-contains-result", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{"../model/testdata", "strategy", "push", "", platforms, secrets}, // TODO: move all testdata into pkg so we can validate it with planner and runner
 		{"../model/testdata", "container-volumes", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "path-handling", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "do-not-leak-step-env-in-composite", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
@@ -302,6 +314,7 @@ func TestRunEvent(t *testing.T) {
 
 		// services
 		{workdir, "services", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "services-host-network", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 		{workdir, "services-with-container", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 
 		// local remote action overrides
@@ -310,11 +323,6 @@ func TestRunEvent(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, table := range tables {
 		t.Run(table.workflowPath, func(t *testing.T) {
-			if table.workflowPath == "container-volumes" {
-				// host /proc bind mounts are Linux-Docker-only
-				requireLinuxDocker(t)
-			}
-
 			config := &Config{
 				Secrets: table.secrets,
 			}
@@ -346,12 +354,9 @@ func TestRunEvent(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRunEventHostEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
-	// Runs steps directly on the host (the "-self-hosted" platform), so it needs the shells
-	// and tools the workflows invoke. No network gate: every action these workflows reference
-	// is a local `./` fixture or the skipped actions/checkout, so the suite runs offline (same
-	// as TestRunEvent). Only the broadly-used interpreters are required up front; the pwsh- and
-	// nix-specific cases gate on their own tool below so a missing pwsh/nix skips just those.
-	requireHostTools(t, "bash", "node")
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
@@ -367,6 +372,7 @@ func TestRunEventHostEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
 			{workdir, "shells/defaults", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "shells/pwsh", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "shells/bash", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+			{workdir, "shells/python", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "shells/sh", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 
 			// Local action
@@ -375,6 +381,7 @@ func TestRunEventHostEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
 			// Uses
 			{workdir, "uses-composite", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "uses-composite-with-error", "push", "Job 'failing-composite-action' failed", platforms, secrets},
+			{workdir, "uses-nested-composite", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "act-composite-env-test", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 
 			// Eval
@@ -383,10 +390,14 @@ func TestRunEventHostEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
 			{workdir, "evalmatrixneeds2", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "evalmatrix-merge-map", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "evalmatrix-merge-array", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+			{workdir, "issue-1195", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 
 			{workdir, "fail", "push", "exit with `FAILURE`: 1", platforms, secrets},
+			{workdir, "runs-on", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "checkout", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+			{workdir, "remote-action-js", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "matrix", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+			{workdir, "matrix-include-exclude", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "commands", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "defaults-run", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "composite-fail-with-output", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
@@ -400,6 +411,7 @@ func TestRunEventHostEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
 			{workdir, "steps-context/outcome", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "job-status-check", "push", "job 'fail' failed", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "if-expressions", "push", "Job 'mytest' failed", platforms, secrets},
+			{workdir, "uses-action-with-pre-and-post-step", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "evalenv", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 			{workdir, "ensure-post-steps", "push", "Job 'second-post-step-should-fail' failed", platforms, secrets},
 		}...)
@@ -432,26 +444,24 @@ func TestRunEventHostEnvironment(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, table := range tables {
 		t.Run(table.workflowPath, func(t *testing.T) {
-			switch table.workflowPath {
-			case "shells/pwsh":
-				requireHostTools(t, "pwsh")
-			case "nix-prepend-path":
-				requireHostTools(t, "nix")
-			}
 			table.runTest(ctx, t, &Config{})
 		})
 	}
 }
 
 func TestDryrunEvent(t *testing.T) {
-	// Dryrun plans without containers or network (shells and local actions only).
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
+
 	ctx := common.WithDryrun(context.Background(), true)
 
 	tables := []TestJobFileInfo{
 		// Shells
 		{workdir, "shells/defaults", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
-		{workdir, "shells/pwsh", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "shells/pwsh", "push", "", map[string]string{"ubuntu-latest": "catthehacker/ubuntu:pwsh-latest"}, secrets}, // custom image with pwsh
 		{workdir, "shells/bash", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
+		{workdir, "shells/python", "push", "", map[string]string{"ubuntu-latest": "node:24-bookworm"}, secrets}, // slim doesn't have python
 		{workdir, "shells/sh", "push", "", platforms, secrets},
 
 		// Local action
@@ -468,18 +478,10 @@ func TestDryrunEvent(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// TestReusableWorkflowCaller exercises the reusable-workflow caller path against a local
-// reusable workflow (typed inputs, secrets as both a map and `inherit`, and reading the called
-// workflow's outputs via `needs`).
-func TestReusableWorkflowCaller(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
-	table := TestJobFileInfo{workdir, "uses-workflow", "push", "", platforms, map[string]string{"secret": "keep_it_private"}}
-	table.runTest(context.Background(), t, &Config{Secrets: table.secrets})
-}
-
 func TestDockerActionForcePullForceRebuild(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
-	requireNetwork(t) // force-pulls a docker action image
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
@@ -500,6 +502,22 @@ func TestDockerActionForcePullForceRebuild(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestRunDifferentArchitecture(t *testing.T) {
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
+
+	tjfi := TestJobFileInfo{
+		workdir:      workdir,
+		workflowPath: "basic",
+		eventName:    "push",
+		errorMessage: "",
+		platforms:    platforms,
+	}
+
+	tjfi.runTest(context.Background(), t, &Config{ContainerArchitecture: "linux/arm64"})
+}
+
 type maskJobLoggerFactory struct {
 	Output bytes.Buffer
 }
@@ -520,7 +538,9 @@ func TestMaskValues(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.False(t, strings.Contains(text, "composite secret")) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 	}
 
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 
 	log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
 
@@ -541,7 +561,9 @@ func TestMaskValues(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRunEventSecrets(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	workflowPath := "secrets"
 
 	tjfi := TestJobFileInfo{
@@ -561,7 +583,9 @@ func TestRunEventSecrets(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRunWithService(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 
 	log.SetLevel(log.DebugLevel)
 	ctx := context.Background()
@@ -577,11 +601,10 @@ func TestRunWithService(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err, workflowPath) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
 
 	runnerConfig := &Config{
-		Workdir:              workdir,
-		EventName:            eventName,
-		Platforms:            platforms,
-		ReuseContainers:      false,
-		ContainerMaxLifetime: time.Hour, // otherwise the job container is `sleep 0` and exits at once
+		Workdir:         workdir,
+		EventName:       eventName,
+		Platforms:       platforms,
+		ReuseContainers: false,
 	}
 	runner, err := New(runnerConfig)
 	assert.NoError(t, err, workflowPath) //nolint:testifylint // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
@@ -597,7 +620,9 @@ func TestRunWithService(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRunActionInputs(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	workflowPath := "input-from-cli"
 
 	tjfi := TestJobFileInfo{
@@ -616,7 +641,9 @@ func TestRunActionInputs(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRunEventPullRequest(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 
 	workflowPath := "pull-request"
 
@@ -632,7 +659,9 @@ func TestRunEventPullRequest(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRunMatrixWithUserDefinedInclusions(t *testing.T) {
-	requireDocker(t)
+	if testing.Short() {
+		t.Skip("skipping integration test")
+	}
 	workflowPath := "matrix-with-user-inclusions"
 
 	tjfi := TestJobFileInfo{

act/runner/step_action_remote.go

@@ -113,10 +113,9 @@ func (sar *stepActionRemote) prepareActionExecutor() common.Executor {
 		}
 
 		actionDir := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", sar.RunContext.ActionCacheDir(), sar.Step.UsesHash())
-		defaultActionURL := sar.RunContext.Config.DefaultActionURL()
-		token := getGitCloneToken(sar.getRunContext().Config, sar.remoteAction.CloneURL(defaultActionURL))
+		token := getGitCloneToken(sar.getRunContext().Config, sar.remoteAction.CloneURL(sar.RunContext.Config.DefaultActionInstance))
 		gitClone := stepActionRemoteNewCloneExecutor(git.NewGitCloneExecutorInput{
-			URL:         sar.remoteAction.CloneURL(defaultActionURL),
+			URL:         sar.remoteAction.CloneURL(sar.RunContext.Config.DefaultActionInstance),
 			Ref:         sar.remoteAction.Ref,
 			Dir:         actionDir,
 			Token:       token,
@@ -275,7 +274,7 @@ func (sar *stepActionRemote) cloneSkipTLS() bool {
 	if sar.remoteAction.URL == "" {
 		// Empty URL means the default action instance should be used
 		// Return true if the URL of the Gitea instance is the same as the URL of the default action instance
-		return sar.RunContext.Config.DefaultActionURL() == sar.RunContext.Config.GitHubInstance
+		return sar.RunContext.Config.DefaultActionInstance == sar.RunContext.Config.GitHubInstance
 	}
 	// Return true if the URL of the remote action is the same as the URL of the Gitea instance
 	return sar.remoteAction.URL == sar.RunContext.Config.GitHubInstance
@@ -291,9 +290,7 @@ type remoteAction struct {
 
 func (ra *remoteAction) CloneURL(u string) string {
 	if ra.URL == "" {
-		// keep an absolute local path as-is (used by tests to resolve actions from a local
-		// repo); only bare host names get the https:// scheme prepended
-		if !strings.HasPrefix(u, "http://") && !strings.HasPrefix(u, "https://") && !filepath.IsAbs(u) {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(u, "http://") && !strings.HasPrefix(u, "https://") {
 			u = "https://" + u
 		}
 	} else {

act/runner/step_action_remote_test.go

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	"go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
 )
 
@@ -435,57 +434,6 @@ func TestStepActionRemotePreThroughActionToken(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestStepActionRemoteUsesGitHubInstanceWhenDefaultActionInstanceEmpty(t *testing.T) {
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	var actualURL string
-	sarm := &stepActionRemoteMocks{}
-
-	origStepAtionRemoteNewCloneExecutor := stepActionRemoteNewCloneExecutor
-	stepActionRemoteNewCloneExecutor = func(input git.NewGitCloneExecutorInput) common.Executor {
-		return func(ctx context.Context) error {
-			actualURL = input.URL
-			return nil
-		}
-	}
-	defer func() {
-		stepActionRemoteNewCloneExecutor = origStepAtionRemoteNewCloneExecutor
-	}()
-
-	sar := &stepActionRemote{
-		Step: &model.Step{
-			Uses: "actions/setup-go@v4",
-		},
-		RunContext: &RunContext{
-			Config: &Config{
-				GitHubInstance:        "gitea.example",
-				DefaultActionInstance: "",
-				ActionCacheDir:        t.TempDir(),
-			},
-			Run: &model.Run{
-				JobID: "1",
-				Workflow: &model.Workflow{
-					Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{
-						"1": {},
-					},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-		readAction: sarm.readAction,
-	}
-
-	suffixMatcher := func(suffix string) any {
-		return mock.MatchedBy(func(actionDir string) bool {
-			return strings.HasSuffix(actionDir, suffix)
-		})
-	}
-	sarm.On("readAction", sar.Step, suffixMatcher(sar.Step.UsesHash()), "", mock.Anything, mock.Anything).Return(&model.Action{}, nil)
-
-	require.NoError(t, sar.prepareActionExecutor()(ctx))
-	assert.Equal(t, "https://gitea.example/actions/setup-go", actualURL)
-	sarm.AssertExpectations(t)
-}
-
 func TestStepActionRemotePost(t *testing.T) {
 	table := []struct {
 		name               string

act/runner/step_docker.go

@@ -138,8 +138,7 @@ func (sd *stepDocker) newStepContainer(ctx context.Context, image string, cmd, e
 		UsernsMode:   rc.Config.UsernsMode,
 		Platform:     rc.Config.ContainerArchitecture,
 		AutoRemove:   rc.Config.AutoRemove,
-		ValidVolumes: rc.validVolumes(),
-		AllocatePTY:  rc.Config.AllocatePTY,
+		ValidVolumes: rc.Config.ValidVolumes,
 	})
 	return stepContainer
 }

act/runner/step_docker_test.go

@@ -109,55 +109,6 @@ func TestStepDockerMain(t *testing.T) {
 	cm.AssertExpectations(t)
 }
 
-func TestStepDockerNewStepContainerAllocatePTY(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, tc := range []struct {
-		name     string
-		allocPTY bool
-	}{
-		{name: "off", allocPTY: false},
-		{name: "on", allocPTY: true},
-	} {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			cm := &containerMock{}
-
-			var captured *container.NewContainerInput
-			origContainerNewContainer := ContainerNewContainer
-			ContainerNewContainer = func(input *container.NewContainerInput) container.ExecutionsEnvironment {
-				captured = input
-				return cm
-			}
-			defer func() {
-				ContainerNewContainer = origContainerNewContainer
-			}()
-
-			ctx := context.Background()
-			sd := &stepDocker{
-				RunContext: &RunContext{
-					StepResults: map[string]*model.StepResult{},
-					Config: &Config{
-						AllocatePTY: tc.allocPTY,
-						PlatformPicker: func(_ []string) string {
-							return "node:14"
-						},
-					},
-					Run: &model.Run{
-						JobID: "1",
-						Workflow: &model.Workflow{
-							Jobs: map[string]*model.Job{"1": {}},
-						},
-					},
-					JobContainer: cm,
-				},
-				Step: &model.Step{ID: "1", Uses: "docker://node:14"},
-			}
-			sd.RunContext.ExprEval = sd.RunContext.NewExpressionEvaluator(ctx)
-
-			_ = sd.newStepContainer(ctx, "node:14", []string{"echo", "hi"}, nil)
-			assert.Equal(t, tc.allocPTY, captured.AllocatePTY)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func TestStepDockerPrePost(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	sd := &stepDocker{}

act/runner/testdata/.github/workflows/local-reusable-workflow.yml

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-name: local-reusable-workflow
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-    inputs:
-      string_required:
-        required: true
-        type: string
-      bool_required:
-        required: true
-        type: boolean
-      number_required:
-        required: true
-        type: number
-    secrets:
-      secret:
-        required: true
-    outputs:
-      output:
-        value: ${{ jobs.reusable.outputs.output }}
-
-jobs:
-  reusable:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      output: ${{ steps.gen.outputs.output }}
-    steps:
-      - name: check inputs and secret arrived
-        run: |
-          [ "${{ inputs.string_required }}" = "string" ]
-          [ "${{ inputs.bool_required }}" = "true" ]
-          [ "${{ inputs.number_required }}" = "1" ]
-          [ "${{ secrets.secret }}" = "keep_it_private" ]
-      - id: gen
-        run: echo "output=${{ inputs.string_required }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT

act/runner/testdata/GITHUB_ENV-use-in-env-ctx/push.yml

@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@ jobs:
     env:
       MYGLOBALENV3: myglobalval3
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
     - run: |
         echo MYGLOBALENV1=myglobalval1 > $GITHUB_ENV
         echo "::set-env name=MYGLOBALENV2::myglobalval2"
-    - uses: ./actions/script
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/script@main
       with:
         main: |
           env

act/runner/testdata/GITHUB_STATE/push.yml

@@ -1,31 +1,48 @@
 on: push
 jobs:
-  # State saved in main (via the $GITHUB_STATE file and the ::save-state command) must surface
-  # as $STATE_* in the action's post step.
   _:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: ./actions/script
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/script@main
       with:
+        pre: |
+          env
+          echo mystate0=mystateval > $GITHUB_STATE
+          echo "::save-state name=mystate1::mystateval"
         main: |
+          env
           echo mystate2=mystateval > $GITHUB_STATE
           echo "::save-state name=mystate3::mystateval"
         post: |
+          env
+          [ "$STATE_mystate0" = "mystateval" ]
+          [ "$STATE_mystate1" = "mystateval" ]
           [ "$STATE_mystate2" = "mystateval" ]
           [ "$STATE_mystate3" = "mystateval" ]
-  # State must be isolated per action instance even when two steps use the same action.
   test-id-collision-bug:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - uses: ./actions/script
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/script@main
       id: script
       with:
-        main: echo mystate=val1 > $GITHUB_STATE
-        post: '[ "$STATE_mystate" = "val1" ]'
-    - uses: ./actions/script
+        pre: |
+          env
+          echo mystate0=mystateval > $GITHUB_STATE
+          echo "::save-state name=mystate1::mystateval"
+        main: |
+          env
+          echo mystate2=mystateval > $GITHUB_STATE
+          echo "::save-state name=mystate3::mystateval"
+        post: |
+          env
+          [ "$STATE_mystate0" = "mystateval" ]
+          [ "$STATE_mystate1" = "mystateval" ]
+          [ "$STATE_mystate2" = "mystateval" ]
+          [ "$STATE_mystate3" = "mystateval" ]
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/script@main
       id: pre-script
       with:
-        main: echo mystate=val2 > $GITHUB_STATE
-        post: '[ "$STATE_mystate" = "val2" ]'
+        main: |
+          env
+          echo mystate0=mystateerror > $GITHUB_STATE
+          echo "::save-state name=mystate1::mystateerror"

act/runner/testdata/actions-environment-and-context-tests/docker/Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM alpine:3.23
+FROM alpine:3
 
 COPY entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh
 

act/runner/testdata/actions-environment-and-context-tests/push.yml

@@ -9,3 +9,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - uses: './actions-environment-and-context-tests/js'
       - uses: './actions-environment-and-context-tests/docker'
+      - uses: 'nektos/act-test-actions/js@main'
+      - uses: 'nektos/act-test-actions/docker@main'
+      - uses: 'nektos/act-test-actions/docker-file@main'
+      - uses: 'nektos/act-test-actions/docker-relative-context/action@main'

act/runner/testdata/actions/node24/action.yml

@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ outputs:
     description: 'The time we greeted you'
 runs:
   using: 'node24'
-  main: 'index.js'
+  main: 'dist/index.js'

act/runner/testdata/actions/node24/index.js

@@ -1,14 +1,11 @@
-import {appendFileSync, readFileSync} from 'node:fs';
+import {getInput, setOutput, setFailed} from '@actions/core';
+import {context} from '@actions/github';
 
-const nameToGreet = process.env['INPUT_WHO-TO-GREET'] || 'World';
-console.log(`Hello ${nameToGreet}!`);
-
-if (process.env.GITHUB_OUTPUT) {
-  appendFileSync(process.env.GITHUB_OUTPUT, `time=${new Date().toTimeString()}\n`);
+try {
+  const nameToGreet = getInput('who-to-greet');
+  console.log(`Hello ${nameToGreet}!`);
+  setOutput('time', (new Date()).toTimeString());
+  console.log(`The event payload: ${JSON.stringify(context.payload, undefined, 2)}`);
+} catch (error) {
+  setFailed(error.message);
 }
-
-let payload = {};
-if (process.env.GITHUB_EVENT_PATH) {
-  payload = JSON.parse(readFileSync(process.env.GITHUB_EVENT_PATH, 'utf8'));
-}
-console.log(`The event payload: ${JSON.stringify(payload, undefined, 2)}`);

act/runner/testdata/actions/node24/package.json

@@ -1,5 +1,21 @@
 {
   "name": "node24",
-  "private": true,
-  "type": "module"
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "description": "",
+  "main": "index.js",
+  "type": "module",
+  "scripts": {
+    "build": "ncc build index.js"
+  },
+  "license": "ISC",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@actions/core": "^3.0.1",
+    "@actions/github": "^9.1.1"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@vercel/ncc": "^0.38.4"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": ">=24"
+  }
 }

act/runner/testdata/actions/script/action.yml

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-name: 'script'
-description: 'Run the shell scripts passed as inputs across the pre/main/post lifecycle'
-inputs:
-  main:
-    description: 'shell script to run in the main step'
-    required: false
-    default: ''
-  post:
-    description: 'shell script to run in the post step'
-    required: false
-    default: ''
-runs:
-  using: 'node24'
-  main: 'index.js'
-  post: 'post.js'

act/runner/testdata/actions/script/index.js

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-import {execFileSync} from 'node:child_process';
-
-// Run the `main` input as a bash script; its stdout (workflow commands like
-// ::set-output / ::save-state) and $GITHUB_ENV / $GITHUB_STATE writes are
-// processed by the runner, exactly like the remote script action this replaces.
-const script = process.env.INPUT_MAIN;
-if (script) {
-  execFileSync('bash', ['-eo', 'pipefail', '-c', script], {stdio: 'inherit'});
-}

act/runner/testdata/actions/script/package.json

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "script",
-  "private": true,
-  "type": "module"
-}

act/runner/testdata/actions/script/post.js

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-import {execFileSync} from 'node:child_process';
-
-const script = process.env.INPUT_POST;
-if (script) {
-  execFileSync('bash', ['-eo', 'pipefail', '-c', script], {stdio: 'inherit'});
-}

act/runner/testdata/docker-action-custom-path/push.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - run: |
-        FROM node:24-bookworm-slim
+        FROM ubuntu:latest
         ENV PATH="/opt/texlive/texdir/bin/x86_64-linuxmusl:${PATH}"
         ENV ORG_PATH="${PATH}"
         ENTRYPOINT [ "bash", "-c", "echo \"PATH=$PATH\" && echo \"ORG_PATH=$ORG_PATH\" && [[ \"$PATH\" = \"$ORG_PATH\" ]]" ]

act/runner/testdata/issue-1195/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+on: push
+
+env:
+  variable: "${{ github.repository_owner }}"
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: print env.variable
+        run: |
+          echo ${{ env.variable }}
+          exit ${{ (env.variable == 'nektos') && '0' || '1'}}

act/runner/testdata/issue-597/spelling.yaml

@@ -9,13 +9,24 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: My first false step
         if: "endsWith('Should not', 'o1')"
-        run: exit 1
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2.0.0
+        with:
+          ref: refs/pull/${{github.event.pull_request.number}}/merge
+          fetch-depth: 5
       - name: My first true step
         if: ${{endsWith('Hello world', 'ld')}}
-        run: echo "Renst the Octocat"
+        uses: actions/hello-world-javascript-action@main
+        with:
+          who-to-greet: "Renst the Octocat"
       - name: My second false step
         if: "endsWith('Should not evaluate', 'o2')"
-        run: exit 1
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2.0.0
+        with:
+          ref: refs/pull/${{github.event.pull_request.number}}/merge
+          fetch-depth: 5
       - name: My third false step
         if: ${{endsWith('Should not evaluate', 'o3')}}
-        run: exit 1
+        uses: actions/checkout@v2.0.0
+        with:
+          ref: refs/pull/${{github.event.pull_request.number}}/merge
+          fetch-depth: 5

act/runner/testdata/issue-598/spelling.yml

@@ -9,13 +9,23 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: My first false step
         if: "endsWith('Hello world', 'o1')"
-        run: exit 1
+        uses: actions/hello-world-javascript-action@main
+        with:
+          who-to-greet: 'Mona the Octocat'
       - name: My first true step
         if: "!endsWith('Hello world', 'od')"
-        run: echo "Renst the Octocat"
+        uses: actions/hello-world-javascript-action@main
+        with:
+          who-to-greet: "Renst the Octocat"
       - name: My second false step
         if: "endsWith('Hello world', 'o2')"
-        run: exit 1
+        uses: actions/hello-world-javascript-action@main
+        with:
+          who-to-greet: 'Act the Octocat'
       - name: My third false step
         if: "endsWith('Hello world', 'o2')"
-        run: exit 1
+        uses: actions/hello-world-javascript-action@main
+        with:
+          who-to-greet: 'Git the Octocat'
+           
+           

act/runner/testdata/job-container-non-root/push.yml

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ jobs:
   test:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     container:
-      image: node:24-bookworm-slim
-      options: --user 1000
+      image: catthehacker/ubuntu:runner-latest # image with user 'runner:runner' built on tag 'act-latest'
     steps:
       - run: echo PASS

act/runner/testdata/local-action-dockerfile/push.yml

@@ -24,3 +24,4 @@ jobs:
         args: ${{format('"{0}"', 'Mona is not the Octocat') }}
         who-to-greet: 'Mona the Octocat'
     - run: '[[ "${{ env.SOMEVAR }}" == "Mona is not the Octocat" ]]'
+    - uses: ./localdockerimagetest_

act/runner/testdata/local-action-via-composite-dockerfile/action.yml

@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@ runs:
       who-to-greet: ${{inputs.who-to-greet}}
   - run: '[[ "${{ env.SOMEVAR }}" == "Mona is not the Octocat" ]]'
     shell: bash
+  - uses: ./localdockerimagetest_
+  # Also test a remote docker action here
+  - uses: actions/hello-world-docker-action@v2
+    with:
+      who-to-greet: 'Mona the Octocat'
   # Test if GITHUB_ACTION_PATH is set correctly after all steps
   - run: stat $GITHUB_ACTION_PATH/push.yml
     shell: bash

act/runner/testdata/local-remote-action-overrides/push.yml

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ jobs:
   build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: https://github.com/nektos/test-override@a
+      - uses: nektos/test-override@a
       - uses: nektos/test-override@b

act/runner/testdata/matrix-include-exclude/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+name: matrix-include-exclude
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: PHP ${{ matrix.os }} ${{ matrix.node}}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    steps:
+      - run: echo ${NODE_VERSION} | grep ${{ matrix.node }}
+        env:
+          NODE_VERSION: ${{ matrix.node }}
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-18.04, macos-latest]
+        node: [4, 6, 8, 10]
+        exclude:
+          - os: macos-latest
+            node: 4
+        include:
+          - os: ubuntu-16.04
+            node: 10
+
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        node: [8.x, 10.x, 12.x, 13.x]
+    steps:
+      - run: echo ${NODE_VERSION} | grep ${{ matrix.node }}
+        env:
+          NODE_VERSION: ${{ matrix.node }}

act/runner/testdata/no-panic-on-invalid-composite-action/push.yml

@@ -19,3 +19,11 @@ jobs:
           using: composite
       shell: cp {0} action.yml
     - uses: ./
+  remote-invalid-step:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/invalid-composite-action/invalid-step@main
+  remote-missing-steps:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/invalid-composite-action/missing-steps@main

act/runner/testdata/path-handling/push.yml

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ jobs:
             exit 1
           fi
 
-      - uses: ./path-handling/
+      - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/composite@main
         with:
           input: some input
 

act/runner/testdata/remote-action-composite-action-ref/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name: remote-action-composite-action-ref
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/composite-assert-action-ref-action@main

act/runner/testdata/remote-action-composite-js-pre-with-defaults/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+name: remote-action-composite-js-pre-with-defaults
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/composite-js-pre-with-defaults/js@main
+      with:
+        in: nix
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/composite-js-pre-with-defaults@main
+      with:
+        in: secretval
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/composite-js-pre-with-defaults@main
+      with:
+        in: secretval
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/composite-js-pre-with-defaults/js@main
+      with:
+        pre: "true"
+        in: nix
+    - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/composite-js-pre-with-defaults/js@main
+      with:
+        in: nix

act/runner/testdata/remote-action-docker/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+name: remote-action-docker
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/hello-world-docker-action@v1
+      with:
+        who-to-greet: 'Mona the Octocat'

act/runner/testdata/remote-action-js-node-user/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+name: remote-action-js
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: node:24-bookworm-slim
+      options: --user node
+    steps:
+    - name: check permissions of env files
+      id: test
+      run: |
+        echo "USER: $(id -un) expected: node"
+        [[ "$(id -un)" = "node" ]]
+        echo "TEST=Value" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      shell: bash
+
+    - name: check if file command worked
+      if: steps.test.outputs.test != 'Value'
+      run: |
+        echo "steps.test.outputs.test=${{ steps.test.outputs.test || 'missing value!' }}"
+        exit 1
+      shell: bash
+
+    - uses: actions/hello-world-javascript-action@v1
+      with:
+        who-to-greet: 'Mona the Octocat'
+
+    - uses: cloudposse/actions/github/slash-command-dispatch@0.14.0

act/runner/testdata/remote-action-js/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+name: remote-action-js
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/hello-world-javascript-action@v1
+      with:
+        who-to-greet: 'Mona the Octocat'
+
+    - uses: cloudposse/actions/github/slash-command-dispatch@0.14.0

act/runner/testdata/runs-on/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+name: runs-on
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - run: env
+    - run: echo ${GITHUB_ACTOR} 
+    - run: echo ${GITHUB_ACTOR} | grep nektos/act
+
+  many:
+    runs-on: [ubuntu-latest]
+    steps:
+      - run: env
+      - run: echo ${GITHUB_ACTOR}
+      - run: echo ${GITHUB_ACTOR} | grep nektos/act
+
+  selfmany:
+    runs-on: [self-hosted, ubuntu-latest]
+    steps:
+      - run: env
+      - run: echo ${GITHUB_ACTOR}
+      - run: echo ${GITHUB_ACTOR} | grep nektos/act

act/runner/testdata/secrets/.env

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-HELLO=WORLD
-MULTILINE_ENV="foo\nbar\nbaz"

act/runner/testdata/services-host-network/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+name: services-host-network
+on: push
+jobs:
+  services-host-network:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    services:
+      nginx:
+        image: "nginx:latest"
+        ports:
+          - "8080:80"
+    steps:
+      - run: apt-get -qq update && apt-get -yqq install --no-install-recommends curl net-tools
+      - run: netstat -tlpen
+      - run: curl -v http://localhost:8080

act/runner/testdata/services-with-container/push.yml

@@ -5,11 +5,12 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-containerized-services/about-service-containers#running-jobs-in-a-container
     container:
-      image: "node:24-bookworm-slim"
+      image: "ubuntu:latest"
     services:
       nginx:
-        image: "nginx:alpine"
+        image: "nginx:latest"
+        ports:
+          - "8080:80"
     steps:
       - run: apt-get -qq update && apt-get -yqq install --no-install-recommends curl
-      # reach the service over the shared job network by its alias, no host port needed
       - run: curl -v http://nginx:80

act/runner/testdata/services/push.yaml

@@ -6,9 +6,18 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     services:
       postgres:
-        image: nginx:alpine
+        image: postgres:12
+        env:
+          POSTGRES_USER: runner
+          POSTGRES_PASSWORD: mysecretdbpass
+          POSTGRES_DB: mydb
+        options: >-
+          --health-cmd pg_isready
+          --health-interval 10s
+          --health-timeout 5s
+          --health-retries 5
         ports:
-          - 80
+          - 5432:5432
     steps:
       - name: Echo the Postgres service ID / Network / Ports
         run: |

act/runner/testdata/shells/pwsh/push.yml

@@ -8,6 +8,13 @@ jobs:
       - shell: ${{ env.MY_SHELL }}
         run: |
           $PSVersionTable
+  check-container:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container: catthehacker/ubuntu:pwsh-latest
+    steps:
+      - shell: ${{ env.MY_SHELL }}
+        run: |
+          $PSVersionTable
   check-job-default:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     defaults:

act/runner/testdata/shells/python/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+on: push
+env:
+  MY_SHELL: python
+jobs:
+  check:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - shell: ${{ env.MY_SHELL }}
+        run: |
+          import platform
+          print(platform.python_version())
+  check-container:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container: node:24-bookworm
+    steps:
+      - shell: ${{ env.MY_SHELL }}
+        run: |
+          import platform
+          print(platform.python_version())
+  check-job-default:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: ${{ env.MY_SHELL }}
+    steps:
+      - run: |
+          import platform
+          print(platform.python_version())

act/runner/testdata/uses-action-with-pre-and-post-step/last-action/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+name: "last action check"
+description: "last action check"
+
+runs:
+  using: "node24"
+  main: main.js
+  post: post.js

act/runner/testdata/uses-action-with-pre-and-post-step/last-action/post.js

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+const pre = process.env['ACTION_OUTPUT_PRE'];
+const main = process.env['ACTION_OUTPUT_MAIN'];
+const post = process.env['ACTION_OUTPUT_POST'];
+
+console.log({pre, main, post});
+
+if (pre !== 'pre') {
+  throw new Error(`Expected 'pre' but got '${pre}'`);
+}
+
+if (main !== 'main') {
+  throw new Error(`Expected 'main' but got '${main}'`);
+}
+
+if (post !== 'post') {
+  throw new Error(`Expected 'post' but got '${post}'`);
+}

act/runner/testdata/uses-action-with-pre-and-post-step/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+name: uses-action-with-pre-and-post-step
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: ./uses-action-with-pre-and-post-step/last-action
+      - uses: nektos/act-test-actions/js-with-pre-and-post-step@main
+        with:
+          pre: true
+          post: true
+      - run: |
+          cat $GITHUB_ENV

act/runner/testdata/uses-github-full-sha/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+name: uses-github-root
+on: push
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/hello-world-docker-action@b136eb8894c5cb1dd5807da824be97ccdf9b5423

act/runner/testdata/uses-github-path/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+name: uses-github-path
+on: push
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: sergioramos/yarn-actions/install@v6

act/runner/testdata/uses-github-short-sha/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+name: uses-github-root
+on: push
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/hello-world-docker-action@b136eb8

act/runner/testdata/uses-nested-composite/composite_action2/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+name: "Test Composite Action"
+description: "Test action uses composite"
+
+inputs:
+  test_input_optional:
+    description: Test
+
+runs:
+  using: "composite"
+  steps:
+  - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
+    with:
+      node-version: '16'
+  - run: |
+      console.log(process.version);
+      console.log("Hi from node");
+      console.log("${{ inputs.test_input_optional }}");
+      if("${{ inputs.test_input_optional }}" !== "Test") {
+        console.log("Invalid input test_input_optional expected \"Test\" as value");
+        process.exit(1);
+      }
+      if(!process.version.startsWith('v16')) {
+        console.log("Expected node v16, but got " + process.version);
+        process.exit(1);
+      }
+    shell: node {0}
+  - uses: ./uses-composite/composite_action
+    id: composite
+    with:
+      test_input_required: 'test_input_required_value'
+      test_input_optional: 'test_input_optional_value'
+      test_input_optional_with_default_overriden: 'test_input_optional_with_default_overriden'
+      test_input_required_with_default: 'test_input_optional_value'
+      test_input_required_with_default_overriden: 'test_input_required_with_default_overriden'
+      secret_input: ${{inputs.test_input_optional}}
+    env:
+      secret_input: ${{inputs.test_input_optional}}
+  - run: |
+      echo "steps.composite.outputs.test_output=${{ steps.composite.outputs.test_output }}"
+      [[ "${{steps.composite.outputs.test_output == 'test_output_value'}}" = "true" ]] || exit 1
+    shell: bash
+  - run: |
+      echo "steps.composite.outputs.secret_output=${{ steps.composite.outputs.secret_output }}"
+      [[ "${{steps.composite.outputs.secret_output == format('{0}/{0}', inputs.test_input_optional)}}" = "true" ]] || exit 1
+    shell: bash
+  # Now test again with default values
+  - name: ./uses-composite/composite_action with defaults
+    uses: ./uses-composite/composite_action
+    id: composite2
+    with:
+      test_input_required: 'test_input_required_value'
+      test_input_optional_with_default_overriden: 'test_input_optional_with_default_overriden'
+      test_input_required_with_default_overriden: 'test_input_required_with_default_overriden'
+
+  - run: |
+      echo "steps.composite2.outputs.test_output=${{ steps.composite2.outputs.test_output }}"
+      [[ "${{steps.composite2.outputs.test_output == 'test_output_value'}}" = "true" ]] || exit 1
+    shell: bash
+  - run: |
+      echo "steps.composite.outputs.secret_output=$COMPOSITE_ACTION_ENV_OUTPUT"
+      [[ "${{env.COMPOSITE_ACTION_ENV_OUTPUT == 'my test value' }}" = "true" ]] || exit 1
+    shell: bash

act/runner/testdata/uses-nested-composite/push.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+name: uses-docker-url
+on: push
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - uses: ./uses-nested-composite/composite_action2
+      with:
+        test_input_optional: Test
+    - run: |
+        echo "steps.composite.outputs.secret_output=$COMPOSITE_ACTION_ENV_OUTPUT"
+        [[ "${{env.COMPOSITE_ACTION_ENV_OUTPUT == 'my test value' }}" = "true" ]] || exit 1
+      shell: bash

act/runner/testdata/uses-workflow/local-workflow.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+name: local-reusable-workflows
+on: pull_request
+
+jobs:
+  reusable-workflow:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/local-reusable-workflow.yml
+    with:
+      string_required: string
+      bool_required: ${{ true }}
+      number_required: 1
+    secrets:
+      secret: keep_it_private
+
+  reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/local-reusable-workflow.yml
+    with:
+      string_required: string
+      bool_required: ${{ true }}
+      number_required: 1
+    secrets: inherit
+
+  reusable-workflow-with-on-string-notation:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/local-reusable-workflow-no-inputs-string.yml
+
+  reusable-workflow-with-on-array-notation:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/local-reusable-workflow-no-inputs-array.yml
+
+  output-test:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - reusable-workflow
+      - reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets
+    steps:
+      - name: output with secrets map
+        run: |
+          echo reusable-workflow.output=${{ needs.reusable-workflow.outputs.output }}
+          [[ "${{ needs.reusable-workflow.outputs.output == 'string' }}" = "true" ]] || exit 1
+
+      - name: output with inherited secrets
+        run: |
+          echo reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets.output=${{ needs.reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets.outputs.output }}
+          [[ "${{ needs.reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets.outputs.output == 'string' }}" = "true" ]] || exit 1

act/runner/testdata/uses-workflow/push.yml

@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 on: push
 
-# Exercises the reusable-workflow caller path against a local reusable workflow: passing typed
-# inputs and secrets (both an explicit map and `inherit`), and reading the called workflow's
-# outputs back through `needs`.
 jobs:
   reusable-workflow:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/local-reusable-workflow.yml
+    uses: nektos/act-test-actions/.github/workflows/reusable-workflow.yml@main
     with:
       string_required: string
       bool_required: ${{ true }}
@@ -14,7 +11,7 @@ jobs:
       secret: keep_it_private
 
   reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/local-reusable-workflow.yml
+    uses: nektos/act-test-actions/.github/workflows/reusable-workflow.yml@main
     with:
       string_required: string
       bool_required: ${{ true }}
@@ -27,5 +24,12 @@ jobs:
       - reusable-workflow
       - reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets
     steps:
-      - run: '[[ "${{ needs.reusable-workflow.outputs.output == ''string'' }}" = "true" ]] || exit 1'
-      - run: '[[ "${{ needs.reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets.outputs.output == ''string'' }}" = "true" ]] || exit 1'
+      - name: output with secrets map
+        run: |
+          echo reusable-workflow.output=${{ needs.reusable-workflow.outputs.output }}
+          [[ "${{ needs.reusable-workflow.outputs.output == 'string' }}" = "true" ]] || exit 1
+
+      - name: output with inherited secrets
+        run: |
+          echo reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets.output=${{ needs.reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets.outputs.output }}
+          [[ "${{ needs.reusable-workflow-with-inherited-secrets.outputs.output == 'string' }}" = "true" ]] || exit 1

act/workflowpattern/trace_writer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// Copyright 2023 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Copyright 2023 The nektos/act Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package workflowpattern
+
+import "fmt"
+
+type TraceWriter interface {
+	Info(string, ...any)
+}
+
+type EmptyTraceWriter struct{}
+
+func (*EmptyTraceWriter) Info(string, ...any) {
+}
+
+type StdOutTraceWriter struct{}
+
+func (*StdOutTraceWriter) Info(format string, args ...any) {
+	fmt.Printf(format+"\n", args...) //nolint:forbidigo // pre-existing issue from nektos/act
+}